10NT201 PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Credits: 3:0:0
Course Objectives:
• The student will get rudimentary ideas on chemical structure and formula of organic molecules
• The student will understand the influence of stereoisomerism and conformation in chemical
structure and properties of molecules
• The student will be exposed to ideas about natural products, their structure, and function
Outcome:
The students will get knowledge on the structural basics of organic compounds
Unit I
Introduction to organic chemistry: Classification of organic compounds – Functional groups –
Nomenclature of organic compounds – nomenclature of heterocyclic compounds – fission of bonds –
electrophiles and nucleophiles (definition, discussion on the conditions these are formed) –
carbocation and carbanion, Free radicals, arynes (structure and reaction only; methods to identify these
species are not required)
Unit II
Electronic effects; types of reactions: Inductive effect and field effect – electron delocalization and
resonance, rules of resonance – steric inhibition of resonance and steric enhancement of resonance
(with only one example for each) – hyperconjugation – tautomerism.
Types of reactions: substitution reactions (types and examples), addition reactions (types and
examples), elimination reactions (types and examples), rearrangement reactions (types and examples)
– thermodynamic and kinetic requirements of a reaction – kinetic and thermodynamic control – the
Hammond postulate
Unit III
Stereochemistry I: Stereoisomerism – cis-trans isomerism (definition and examples only) – E, Z
nomenclature (rules and examples only) – optical isomerism – cause of optical activity – racemization
– resolution methods – absolute configuration – R, S nomenclature – Cahn, Ingold, Prelog
nomenclature - Atropisomerism (biphenyls only) – Asymmetric synthesis
Difference between conformation and configuration – conformation of ethane, substituted ethanes –
conformation of cyclohexanes, mono, and di-substituted cyclohexanes – saw-horse, staggered, skew,
gauche forms
Unit IV
Stereochemistry II: Dynamic stereochemistry – Stereo-selectivity and stereo-specificity – CurtinHammett principle – enantioselective, diastereoselective synthesis – enzymatic and kinetic methods –
effect of conformation on reactivity in acyclic compounds and cyclohexanes
Unit V
Natural products: Nomenclature, classifications, general methods of structure determination of
alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and flavonoids (structure determination of any specific natural product
is not required)
Text Books:
1. P.S. Kalsi, Stereo Chemistry Conformation and Mechanism, New Age Publishing Ltd., New
Delhi, 2002
2. O.D. Tyagi, M. Yadav, A Text Book of Organic Chemistry, Anmol Publishing Ltd., New
Delhi, 2002
Reference Books:
1. Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, Willey, 4th Edition, Newyork, 1992
2. I.L. Finar, Organic Chemistry, Pearson Education Pvt. Ltd., Vol. I & II, 5th Edition, Singapore,
1975
3. R.T. Morrison & R.N. Boyd, Organic Chemistry, 6th Edition, Pearson Education Pvt Ltd.,
Singapore, 2003
4. Gurdeep and Chatwal, Organic Chemistry of natural products, Vol. I & II, 3rd edition, 2000
5. Nasipuri, stereochemistry of organic compounds, New Age International publishers, 3rd
edition, 1999