Summary Slide
• Standards
– Science
– Math
• Can you master the microscope?
– Clues
• Types of Microscopes
• Microscope Magnification
– Onion Skin Cells
– Comparison Graph
• How to use the microscope
– Steps
• Graphing Time
– Answer
Science Standards
S5L3. Students will diagram and label parts of various cells
(plant, animal, single-celled, multi-celled).
a. Use magnifiers such as microscopes or hand lenses to
observe cells and their structure.
S5CS3. Students will use tools and instruments for observing,
measuring, and manipulating objects in scientific activities.
S5CS4. Students will use ideas of system, model, change, and
scale in exploring scientific and technological matters.
a. Observe and describe how parts influence one another in
things with many parts.
Math Standards
M5P5. Students will represent mathematics in multiple ways.
a. Create and use representations to organize, record, and
communicate mathematical ideas.
c. Use representations to model and interpret physical, social,
and mathematical phenomena.
M5D1. Students will analyze graphs.
a. Analyze data presented in a graph.
b. Compare and contrast multiple graphic representations
(circle graphs, line
graphs, bar graphs, etc.) for a single set of data and discuss
the advantages/disadvantages of each.
M5D2. Students will collect, organize, and display data using the
most appropriate graph.
Can you master the microscope?
Solve the mystery of the
microscope by identifying parts of
the microscope from clues
provided.
Click on the
to check
your deductive skills. Click on
to go on to the next slide.
What type of microscope are we using?
Microscope
Types
Compound
Compound
Dissection
Scanning
Electron
Microscope
(SEM)
Transmission
Electron
Microscope
(TEM)
Clue # 1
• These two pieces are used to tilt, lift,
support and carry the microscope
carefully.
Clue # 2
• This part provides light to view the
specimen.
Clue # 3
• This knob moves the body tube or
stage (depending on your microscope)
up and down.
Clue # 4
• This is the area to place your specimen
for viewing.
Clue # 5
• This part of the microscope regulates
the amount of light that enters through
the stage opening.
Clue # 5
• These hold the slide in position.
Clue # 7
• This piece contains all of the objective
lenses.
Microscope Magnification
Scanning
Low
power
High
power
Magnification
Ocular
lens
Total
magnification
4x
10x
40x
10x
10x
100x
40x
10x
400x
Onion Skin Cells
Look at the two pictures below. They are the same onion skin sample
shown with the 10x and 40x objective lenses. Create a bar graph that
represents the number of whole and partial cells visible at each
magnification.
High-Power
Low-Power
Onion Skin Cells Graph
Onion Skin Cells at Different Magnification
30
20
Number of Cells
10
0
27
6
10 x
40x
Magnification
Clue # 8
• This is a knob that helps to focus on
fine details of the specimen.
Clue # 9
• This is the piece that you look through
to see the specimen.
Clue # 10
• These pieces enlarge the specimen to
scanning, low, and high level of
magnification.
Now we know all
of the parts but
how do we use the
microscope?
Step 1
• To carry the microscope grasp the
microscopes arm with one hand.
• Place your other hand under the base.
Place the microscope on a table with
the arm toward you.
• Plug the microscope in and turn on the
light source or adjust the mirror. Make
sure that the cords do not obstruct
walking paths.
Step 2
• Turn the coarse adjustment knob to
lower the stage.
Step 3
• Revolve the nosepiece until the
scanning objective lens clicks into
place.
Step 4
• Adjust the diaphragm so that it lets in
the most light possible.
• Look through the eyepiece to assure
that all parts are correctly aligned.
Step 5
• Place a slide on the stage. Center the
specimen over the opening on the
stage. Use the stage clips to hold the
slide in place.
Step 6
• Look at the stage from the side.
Carefully turn the coarse adjustment
knob to raise the stage until the
scanning power objective almost
touches the slide.
Step 7
• Looking through the eyepiece, VERY
SLOWLY turn the coarse adjustment
knob to lower the specimen until it
comes into focus.
Step 8
• To switch to the low power objective
lens, look at the microscope from the
side. CAREFULLY revolve the
nosepiece until the high-power
objective lens clicks into place. Make
sure the lens does not hit the slide.
• Look through the eyepiece and view
your specimen. Adjust the fine
adjustment knob to improve the focus.
Step 8
• To switch to the high power objective
lens, look at the microscope from the
side. CAREFULLY revolve the
nosepiece until the high-power
objective lens clicks into place. Make
sure the lens does not hit the slide.
Step 9
• Looking through the eyepiece, turn the
fine adjustment knob until the
specimen comes into focus.
Step 10
• Diagram your observation through
each of the objective lenses.
Wow…this
is huge!
Graphing Time
• Travel around to each microscope and
observe its specimen. Keep a tally of
living, once living, and non living
samples. Work with a partner to create
a circle graph that represents the
number and percentage of these three
types.
Answer
Specimen Samples
nonliving,
4, 29%
living,
3, 21%
living
once living
nonliving
once living,
7, 50%
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Back to
Clue 1
Clue 3
Clue 5
Clue 7
Clue 9
Clue 2
Clue 4
Clue 6
Clue 8 Clue 10
eyepiece
Back To
Step
1
Step
2
Step
3
Step
4
Step
5
Step
6
Step
7
nosepiece
high-power
objective lens
arm
stage
Step
8
Step
9
Step
10
course
adjustment
knob
scanning
objective lens
low-power
objective lens
fine adjustment
knob
diaphragm
stage clips
base
light source