Ionized Water
An Alternative Therapy
for Cellular Stress
Tim McKnight, MD, MS, FAAFP
May 15, 2011
Palm Desert, California
My background
Fit For Life
Healthy Community Outreach
Program
Rural Health Services Outreach Grant
Department of Health & Human Services
The American Wellness Crisis
• Obesity
• Heart Disease
– Hypertension
– Elevated Lipids
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Cancer
Diabetes
Acid Reflux
Gallstones
Arthritis
Sleep Apnea
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Substance Abuse
Depression
Anxiety
ADHD
Back Pain
Irritable Bowel
Syndrome
• Autoimmune disease
– Rheumatoid arthritis
– Inflammatory Bowel
– Thyroiditis
Leading Causes of Death
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Heart Disease…………………710,760
Cancer…………………………553,091
Medical Care………………….225,400
Stroke………………………….167,661
COPD………………………….122,009
Accidents……………………….97,900
Diabetes………………………...69,301
Influenza/Pneumonia………….65,313
Alzheimer’s Disease…………..49,558
Anderson RN. “Deaths: leading causes for 2000.” National Vital
Statistics Reports 50(16), 2002
Death by Health Care1
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Medical Errors……………………….…7,4002
Unnecessary Surgery……………..…12,0003
Other Preventable Hospital Errors….20,000
Hospital Borne Infections………….…80,000
Adverse Drug Effects ……………....106,0004
1- Starfield B. “Is U.S. health really the best in the world?” JAMA 284
(2000): 483-85
2- Phillips D, et al “Increase in U.S. medication-error death between
1983-1993.” Lancet 351 (1998): 643-644
3- Leape L. “Unnecessary surgery.” Ann. Rev. Publ. Health 13 (1992):
363-383
4- lazorou J. Pomeranz B, Corey PN. “Incidence of adverse drug
reaction in hospitalized patients. “JAMA 279 (1998):1200-1205
Prescription Practices
among American Doctors
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•
Number of drugs ordered or provided: 2.0 billion
Average number of drugs ordered or provided per visit: 2.1
Percent of visits involving drug therapy: 71
Most frequently prescribed therapeutic class: Antidepressants
Source: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Big Rx $ales winners in 2002
√ 1. Lipitor (cholesterol-lowering): $5.58 billion (up 18%)
√ 2. Zocor (cholesterol-lowering): $4.069 billion (up 18%)
√ 3. Prevacid (ulcers, reflux): $3.894 billion (up 4%)
√ 4. Prilosec (ulcers, reflux): $3.341 billion (↓ 22% after going generic in 2002)
5. Procrit: >$2 billion, exact numbers N/A
√ 6. Zyprexa (neuroleptic): $2.716 billion (up 15%)
√ 7. Paxil (SSRI antidepressant): $2.509 billion (up 13%)
√ 8. Zoloft (SSRI antidepressant): $2.445 billion (up 13%)
9. Epogen: >$2 billion, exact numbers N/A
√ 10. Celebrex (anti-inflammatory): $2.380 billion (up 5.3%)
√ 11. Nexium (ulcers, reflux): $2.000 billion (new drug)
12. Neurontin (seizures, pain): $2.000 billion
√ 13. Norvasc (antihypertensive): $1.814 billion (up 5%)
Per Capita Total Current Health Care Expenditures,
U.S. and Selected Countries, 2006
Australia
$2,960
Austria
$3,462
Belgium
US Ranking
$3,326
Canada
$3,505
Denmark
$3,643
Finland
$2,546
France
$3,353
Germany
$3,247
Iceland
$3,285
Ireland
# 1
# 1
# 37
# 72
Responsiveness
Expenditures
Performance
Health
$2,945
Italy
$2,520
Japan
$2,529
WHO data (n=191 Countries)
Luxembourg^
$4,223
Netherlands
$3,391
Norway
$4,233
Sweden
$3,075
Switzerland^
$4,311
$6,567
United States
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
Source: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. OECD Health Data 2008, from the Source
OECD Internet subscription database updated October 2008.
The Changing American Diet
• 1900 – industrialization/urbanization; local grocers
Challenge: How to extend the shelf-life of foods?
• 1940s – nutritional deficiencies  Enrichment Act
• 1950s – Animal proteins (meat & milk) promoted
• 1960s – Growth of fast food chains; “diet” pills emerge
• 1970s – Food Pyramid developed (anti-fat campaign)
HFCS enters food supply
Trans (hydrogenated fats) enter the food supply
• 1980s – Microwave ovens; loss of family dinner hour
• 1990s – “Super-sizes”
• 2000s – ?
10
Diet and Cancer
Increase Risk
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Meats
Dairy
Total Fat
Saturated Fat
Refined Sugar
Total Calories
Alcohol
Decrease Risk
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Fish
Whole grains
Legumes
Cabbages
– Broccoli, cauliflower,
cabbage
• Vegetables
• Nuts
• Fruits
11
Preventing Heart Disease
• High Blood Pressure – diet, exercise, ideal
weight
• Diabetes – diet, exercise, ideal weight
• Elevated Cholesterol - diet, exercise, ideal
weight
• Smoking – STOP!
• Family history - ?
12
Percent of Avoidable Chronic Diseases
100%
91%
82%
80%
71%
70%
Colon
CA
Stroke
60%
40%
20%
0%
CAD Diabetes
Source: The Culprit & The Cure, p 5; Steven G. Aldana, PhD. Maple Mountain Press, 2005.
NEJM 2000. July 6:343(1);16-22, Cancer Causes Control 2000. August;11(7):579-88, NEJM 2001.Sept 13;345(11):790-7
Sometimes in our
quest for wellness,
we fail to see that
WE are the solution!
A Truth:
The body is designed to heal itself
– Digestive System = absorbs nutrients
– Cardio Pulmonary System = circulates
nutrients
– Renal System = removes waste products
– Nervous System = communication center
– Endocrine System = relay system
– Immune System = protects against
cancer/microbes
The Miraculous Cell
– Each cell has it’s own unique machinery to repair & heal
itself.
• MILLIONS of DNA repairs occur each second.
• Every day 10,000 free radicals attack the DNA of EVERY cell
– Each cell contains “organs”
• A lesson of harmony, balance, order & interdependence
– Cells sense and respond to their environment
• Redox potentials (ORP) signal imbalance (stress) and initiates
cellular repair
– Cells communicate with and warn each other
– All proteins, lipids, nucleic acid interact with water
Lessons from Nature
• Stress & Recovery
–We are designed to adapt to short-term
bursts of stress, NOT chronic!
–Day and Night
–Summer and Winter
–Muscular stress & Recovery
–Stress & Recovery in Healing?
Our health is primarily threatened by …
STRESS
STRESS
An imbalance of forces
Healing & Wellness
Balance
(Harmony with natural law)
Stress
Imbalance
(disharmony with natural law)
Dysfunction & Disease
Oxidative Stress
THE mechanism of
disease AND aging
Oxidative stress via
“Free Radicals”
• “Unpaired”, negatively charged particles
• Move at very high speeds
• “Steal” electrons from adjacent molecules,
making them “unstable” and reactive
• Like sparks from a fire (lifespan is 1 trillionth of
a second)
• Free Radicals were proposed as the root
cause of AGING in1956
(Harman D. Aging: Theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry.
J Gerontology 11:298-300, 1956.)
Sources of Free Radicals
• Normal respiration & metabolism
• Exercise
• Microbes: viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi
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Air pollutants, pesticides, herbicides, tobacco
Radiation: X-rays, UV light & microwaves
Drugs (alcohol, medications, etc)
Dietary
- Fats (esp. hydrogenated fats, rancid fats, fried fats, or charred fats)
- High sugar diets
• Stress (cortisol)
• Injury/trauma
Free Radicals
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
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Superoxide anion radical (O2 . -)
1
Singlet Oxygen ( O2)
Hydroxyl radicals (OH-)
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)
ROS have a positive ORP !
Free Radicals
the good, the bad, the ugly
• Immune processes generate free radicals to
destroy microbial invasion
• A byproduct of ATP synthesis and cellular
detoxification
• Oral (food/medications) and air-borne free
radical exposures can be significant
– ONE puff of cigarette smoke contains how many
free radicals?
– Answer: 100,000,000,000,000,000 !!!
Ionizing radiation
Exercise
STRESS!!!
Free radicals
&
oxidative stress
Free Radicals and
Oxidative Structural Damage
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Damages collagen cross-links → wrinkles
Damages elastin in arteries → hypertension
Damages intimal lining → atherosclerosis (hs-CRP)
Damage to DNA/RNA → mutations, inefficient
repair processes and cancer
• Damage to Insulin Receptor → diabetes
Nature’s Prescription
against
Free Radical Damage
Cellular Anti-oxidants
• Cell membrane protection
– Vitamin E and beta-carotene
• Extracellular fluid protection
– Vitamin C and Glutathione
• Intracellular protection
– Glutathione, Vitamin C, Selenium
– CoQ10 (mitochondria)
– Melatonin (protects brain nDNA and mDNA)
Cellular Anti-oxidants
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Vitamins A (β-carotene), E, C
Selenium, Zinc, Manganese, Copper, Iron
Glutathione (GSH)
α-Lipoic Acid
N-acetylcysteine
Anti-oxidants regenerate each other
• Vit C + Vit E + Selenium  β-carotene
• CoQ10 in mitochondria  Vit E
• α-Lipoic Acid + proanthocyanidines  Vit C
USDA data on foods with high ORAC scores
Food
Serving size
Small Red Bean
Wild blueberry
Red kidney bean
Pinto bean
Blueberry
Cranberry
Artichoke hearts
Blackberry
Prune
Raspberry
Strawberry
Red Delicious apple
Granny Smith apple
Pecan
Sweet cherry
Black plum
½ cup dried beans
1 cup
½ cup dried beans
½ cup
1 cup (cultivated berries)
1 cup (whole berries)
1 cup, cooked
1 cup (cultivated berries)
½ cup
1 cup
1 cup
1 apple
1 apple
1 oz
1 cup
1 plum
Oxygen Radical Absorbance
Capacity per serving
13,727
13,427
13,259
11,864
9,019
8,983
7,904
7,701
7,291
6,058
5,938
5,900
5,381
5,095
4,873
4,844
With nearly all vegetables, conventional boiling reduces the ORAC value significantly,
while steaming retains more of the antioxidants
Anti-oxidant Supplements
(Anti-Free Radicals)
Anti-oxidants
• Herbs
– Turmeric, Ginko
• Supplements
– CoQ10, DHEA-S, Grape Seed Extract, Lipoic Acid,
Lycopene
• Enzyme Systems (require adequate Se, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe)
– Catalase
– Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD)
– Glutathione Peroxidase
Acidic Stress
A precursor to Oxidative
Stress
Acids Loads
• Blood pH range is 7.35 – 7.45
• Acid is a byproduct of cell metabolism and
repair, yielding a net gain in acid load
– i.e. Urine pH is 6.0 (not 7.4) due to acid excretion
• The body must maintain relative neutrality by
buffering systems
• 3 systems suggest the importance of acidbase balance (fluid buffers, kidneys, lungs)
Acids, Bases, Buffers & Balance
• Lungs
– The primary buffer of blood pH;
– 1-2 times as potent as chemical buffers (fast)
• Kidneys
– The secondary buffer of blood pH; (slow)
– urine pH=6.0
• Chemical Buffers
– Intracellular
• Proteins – provides ¾ of all chemical buffering
• Bone via Calcium carbonate and Calcium phosphate
– Extracellular
• Fluids Buffers
– Sodium Bicarbonate
– Sodium Phosphate
Guyton A., Textbook of Medical Physiology;8th Ed, 1991, WB Saunders Co.
pH of various body fluids
–Inside Cell
–Blood
–Urine
–Stomach
–Intestines
–Skin
–Saliva
–Vagina
7.2-7.4
7.4
6.0
2.5
8.0
4.5-6.0
6.0-7.4
3.8-4.5
Acidic Loads ?
Chronic Acidic States
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Acid Reflux
Cancer
Gout
Kidney Stones
Osteoporosis
Dental Disease
D
D
Alkaline Foods
Spinach
Broccoli
Olive Oil
Apples
Almonds
Carrots
Cabbage
Acid Foods
Coffee
White Bread
Beef
Pastries
Pasta
Dairy products
Soft Drinks
Alternative Therapies, Jul/Aug 2007, Vol. 13, No. 4, p 62-65.
Over time, ingestion of a high dietary
acid load can progress to a chronic
low-grade
level
of
metabolic
acidosis….
Increasing evidence
suggests that such persisting, allbeit
low-grade,
acidosis,
and
the
relentless operation of responding
homeostatic mechanisms, result in
numerous injurious effects on the
body including dissolution of bone,
muscle
wasting,
kidney
stone
formation, and damage to the kidney.
Acid or Alkaline?
Otto Warburg
Nobel Peace Prize 1931
• Discovered The Cause of Cancer
• Cancer thrives in an acidic,
oxygen-depleted environment
– Excess sugars & processed
flour, dairy, meats, soft drinks,
STRESS
– Inactivity → oxygen depletion
• Cancer cannot grow in
an alkaline, oxygen-rich
environment
Dehydration
Stress
Dehydration
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We are 75% water
We are one big biochemical reaction
Water is the ideal solvent
Thirst mechanism activated after we are 5%
dehydrated
• We are dehydrated in the morning
• Caffeine is the most common diuretic on the
planet
• Youngsters dehydrate faster than adults
Dehydration States
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Physical activity
Sun/heat exposure
Aging
Sleep
Constipation
Kidney stones
Diuretic use
Evidence for Micro-clustering
Micro-clustered Water
water molecules clump together in clusters
(measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)
• Alkaline Reduced Water has Low NMR
– Lower Resonance (vibration) allows for closer
association between molecules
– This renders the water tighter in structure,
allowing micro-clustering of molecules
• hence water better at penetrating and hydrating
– The water also has a low surface tension
(measured in dynes)
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Technology (NMR) measures
water cluster size
• The lower the NMR reading, the smaller the
clusters:
– Bottled mineral water
– Normal tap water
– Reverse Osmosis
– Distilled water
– Hexagonal, Ionized water
= 90-100 Hz.
~ 128 Hz
~ 128 Hz
~ 128 Hz
= 42.3 Hz
National Tsing Hua University Report No. GMC 0203001 dated 28th March 2002
Chemistry of Ionized Water
Alkaline (OH-)
(-ORP)
Acid (H+)
(+ORP)
“Split Water”
Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP)
– Measured in mV
• Positive values are oxidizing (act like free radicals)
• Negative values are reducing (anti-oxidizing)
– Active hydrogen (H2) is a hydrogen atom that
has an additional electron in its outer shell
– This extra electron is able to donate it to
other compounds, acting as an anti-oxidant
– Active hydrogen (H2) has an incredibly low
redox reading (-400 to -800 mV)
Evidence for Internal Treatment
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 234, 269–274 (1997)
ARTICLE NO. RC976622
Electrolyzed–Reduced Water Scavenges Active Oxygen
Species and Protects DNA from Oxidative Damage
Sanetaka Shirahata,1 Shigeru Kabayama, Mariko Nakano, Takumi Miura,
Kenichi Kusumoto, Miho Gotoh, Hidemitsu Hayashi,* Kazumichi Otsubo,**
Shinkatsu Morisawa,** and Yoshinori Katakura
Institute of Cellular Regulation Technology, Graduate School of Genetic Resources Technology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1
Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-81, Japan; *Water Institute, Nisshin Building 9F, 2-5-10 Shinjuku, Tokyo 160,
Japan; and **Nihon Trim Co. Ltd., Meiji Seimei Jusou Building 6F, 1-2-13 Shinkitano, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532, Japan
Received March 21, 1997
Active oxygen species or free radicals are considered to cause extensive oxidative damage
to biological macromolecules, which brings about a variety of diseases as well as aging.
The ideal scavenger for active oxygen should be ‘active hydrogen’. ‘Active hydrogen’ can be
produced in reduced water near the cathode during electrolysis of water. Reduced water
exhibits high pH, low dissolved oxygen (DO), extremely high dissolved molecular hydrogen
(DH), and extremely negative redox potential (RP) values. Strongly electrolyzed–reduced
water, as well as ascorbic acid, (/)-catechin and tannic acid, completely scavenged O•2
produced by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase (HX-XOD) system in sodium phosphate
buffer (pH 7.0).
Vol. 234, No. 1, 1997 BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL
“ERW with high pH and significant negative ORP was shown to have
SOD-like activity and catalase-like activity, and thus, scavenge active
oxygen species and protect DNA from damage by free radicals in vivo”
Anticancer Effect of Alkaline Reduced Water
Kyu-Jae LEE1,2, Seung-Kyu PARK1,2, Jae-Won KIM1, Gwang-Young KIM1, Young-Suk RYANG5, Geun-Ha
KIM 1, Hyun-Cheol CHO3, Soo-Kie KIM2,3, and Hyun-Won KIM2,4
1 Dept. of Parasitology, 2 Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 3 Dept. of Microbiology, 4 Dept. of Biochemistry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei
Univ. ( Wonju , Korea) 5Dept. of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Institute of Health Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei Univ. ( Wonju ,
Korea)
Abstract: Certain minerals can produce alkaline reduced water with high pH and low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)
Alkaline reduced water (ARW) showed significant anticancer effect.
When B16 melanoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously and intra-peritoneally, C56BL/6
mice fed with ARW showed tumor growth delay and the survival span was significantly
lengthened. ARW also showed the inhibition of metastasis by reducing the numbers of B16
melanoma colonies when injected through tail vein. The amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was
when dissolved in water.
very reduced when fed with ARW except for spleen, which is a major organ for immunity. Even for normal mice, ARW
intake invoked systemic cytokines, such as, Th1 (IFN-g, IL-12) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5), suggesting strong immuno-modulation
effect. Both ROS scavenging effect and immuno-modulation effect might be responsible for anticancer effect of alkaline
reduced water.
Keyword: alkaline reduced water, anticancer effect, antioxidant, immuno-modulation
Introduction
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals are one of the major offenders to render
oxidative damage to biological macromolecules. These unstable ROS are known to cause or
aggravate a variety of incurable diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases,
neurodegenerative diseases as well as aging 1, 2 The cellular radical-scavengers such as
superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase are natural defense system against
ROS. External source of anti-oxidative protection include antioxidant vitamins C and E,
carotene and carotenoids as well as minerals such as selenium and zinc. Great efforts have
been made in an attempt to find safe and potent natural antioxidants.
Electrolyzed-reduced water scavenges active oxygen species and protects DNA
from oxidative damage.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 May 8;234(1):269-74.
Shirahata S, Kabayama S, Nakano M, Miura T, Kusumoto K, Gotoh M, Hayashi H, Otsubo K, Morisawa S,
Katakura Y.
Institute of Cellular Regulation Technology, Graduate School of Genetic Resources Technology, Kyushu
University, Fukuoka, Japan. sirahata@grt.kyushu-u.ac.jp
Active oxygen species or free radicals are considered to cause extensive
oxidative damage to biological macromolecules, which brings about a variety of
diseases as well as aging. The ideal scavenger for active oxygen should be 'active hydrogen'. 'Active
hydrogen' can be produced in reduced water near the cathode during electrolysis of water. Reduced water exhibits
high pH, low dissolved oxygen (DO), extremely high dissolved molecular hydrogen (DH), and extremely negative
redox potential (RP) values. Strongly electrolyzed-reduced water, as well as ascorbic acid, (+)-catechin and tannic
acid, completely scavenged O.-2 produced by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase (HX-XOD) system in sodium
phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of reduced water is stable at 4 degrees C
for over a month and was not lost even after neutralization, repeated freezing and melting, deflation with
sonication, vigorous mixing, boiling, repeated filtration, or closed autoclaving, but was lost by opened autoclaving
or by closed autoclaving in the presence of tungsten trioxide which efficiently adsorbs active atomic hydrogen.
Water bubbled with hydrogen gas exhibited low DO, extremely high DH and extremely low RP values, as does
reduced water, but it has no SOD-like activity. These results suggest that the SOD-like activity of reduced water is
not due to the dissolved molecular hydrogen but due to the dissolved atomic hydrogen (active hydrogen).
Although SOD accumulated H2O2 when added to the HX-XOD system, reduced water decreased the amount of
H2O2 produced by XOD. Reduced water, as well as catalase and ascorbic acid, could directly scavenge H2O2.
Reduced water suppresses single-strand breakage of DNA by active oxygen
species produced by the Cu(II)-catalyzed oxidation of ascorbic acid in a dosedependent manner, suggesting that reduced water can scavenge not only O2.and H2O2, but also 1O2 and .OH.
Life Science. 2006 Nov 10;79(24):2288-92. Epub 2006 Aug 2.
Anti-diabetic effects of electrolyzed reduced water in streptozotocin-induced
and genetic diabetic mice.
Kim MJ, Kim HK. Department of Obesity management, Graduate School of Obesity Science, Dongduk
Women's University, 23-1 Wolkgukdong, Seoul, 136-714, South Korea. mijakim@dongduk.ac.kr
Oxidative stress is produced under diabetic conditions and is likely involved in
progression of pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction found in diabetes. Both an
increase in reactive oxygen free radical species (ROS) and a decrease in the
antioxidant defense mechanism lead to the increase in oxidative stress in
diabetes. Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) with ROS scavenging ability may
have a potential effect on diabetic animals, a model for high oxidative stress.
Therefore, the present study examined the possible anti-diabetic effect of ERW in two
different diabetic animal models. The genetically diabetic mouse strain C57BL/6Jdb/db (db/db) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse were used as insulin
deficient type 1 and insulin resistant type 2 animal model, respectively. ERW,
provided as a drinking water, significantly reduced the blood glucose concentration
and improved glucose tolerance in both animal models. However, ERW fail to affect
blood insulin levels in STZ-diabetic mice whereas blood insulin level was markedly
increased in genetically diabetic db/db mice. This improved blood glucose control
could result from enhanced insulin sensitivity, as well as increased insulin release.
The present data suggest that ERW may function as an orally effective antidiabetic agent and merit further studies on its precise mechanism.
PMID: 16945392
Biol Pharm Bull. 2007 Feb;30(2):234-6.
Preservative effect of electrolyzed reduced water on
pancreatic beta-cell mass in diabetic db/db mice.
Kim MJ, Jung KH, Uhm YK, Leem KH, Kim HK.
Department of Obesity Management, Graduate School of Obesity Science, Dongduk Women's
University, Seoul, South Korea. mijakim@dongduck.ac.jp
Oxidative stress is produced under diabetic conditions and involved in
progression of pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. Both an increase in reactive
oxygen free radical species (ROS) and a decrease in the antioxidant defense
mechanism lead to the increase in oxidative stress in diabetes. Electrolyzed
reduced water (ERW) with ROS scavenging ability may have a potential effect on
diabetic animals, a model for high oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study
examined the possible anti-diabetic effect of ERW in genetically diabetic mouse strain
C57BL/6J-db/db (db/db). ERW with ROS scavenging ability reduced the blood
glucose concentration, increased blood insulin level, improved glucose tolerance
and preserved beta-cell mass in db/db mice. The present data suggest that ERW
may protect beta-cell damage and would be useful for anti-diabetic agent.
PMID: 17268057 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Ionized water neutralized the harmful effects of free radicals on the
pancreas AND improved blood sugar & insulin action
Ther Apher Dial. 2009 Jun;13(3):220-4.
Ionized alkaline water: new strategy for management of metabolic
acidosis in experimental animals.
Abol-Enein H, Gheith OA, Barakat N, Nour E, Sharaf AE.
Department of Urology, El Mansoura Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, 72
Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, Egypt.
Abstract
Metabolic acidosis can occur as a result of either the accumulation of endogenous acids or loss of bicarbonate
from the gastrointestinal tract or the kidney, which represent common causes of metabolic acidosis. The
appropriate treatment of acute metabolic acidosis has been very controversial. Ionized alkaline water was not
evaluated in such groups of patients in spite of its safety and reported benefits. So, we aimed to assess its
efficacy in the management of metabolic acidosis in animal models. Two models of metabolic acidosis were
created in dogs and rats. The first model of renal failure was induced by ligation of both ureters; and the second
model was induced by urinary diversion to gut (gastrointestinal bicarbonate loss model). Both models were
subjected to ionized alkaline water (orally and by hemodialysis). Dogs with renal failure were assigned to two
groups according to the type of dialysate utilized during hemodialysis sessions, the first was utilizing alkaline water
and the second was utilizing conventional water. Another two groups of animals with urinary diversion were
arranged to receive oral alkaline water and tap water. In renal failure animal models, acid-base parameters
improved significantly after hemodialysis with ionized alkaline water compared with the conventional water treated
with reverse osmosis (RO). Similar results were observed in urinary diversion models as there was significant
improvement of both the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and serum bicarbonate (P = 0.007 and 0.001
respectively) after utilizing alkaline water orally. Alkaline ionized water can be considered as a major
safe strategy in the management of metabolic acidosis secondary to renal failure or dialysis
or urinary diversion. Human studies are indicated in the near future to confirm this issue in
humans.
PMID: 19527469 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
“Alkaline ionized water can be considered as a major safe strategy
in the management of metabolic acidosis secondary to renal failure
or dialysis or urinary diversion. Human studies are indicated in the
near future to confirm this issue in humans.”
Biomed Res. 2009 Oct;30(5):263-9.
Electrolyzed-reduced water inhibits acute ethanol-induced hangovers in
Sprague-Dawley rats.
Park SK, Qi XF, Song SB, Kim DH, Teng YC, Yoon YS, Kim KY, Li JH, Jin D, Lee KJ.
Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University,
Wonju, Gangwon, Republic of Korea.
Ethanol consumption disturbs the balance between the pro- and anti-oxidant systems of
the organism, leading to oxidative stress. Electrolyzed-reduced water (ERW) is widely used
by people in East Asia for drinking purposes because of its therapeutic properties including
scavenging effect of reactive oxygen species. This study was performed to investigate the
effect of ERW on acute ethanol-induced hangovers in Sprague-Dawley rats. Alcohol
concentration in serum of ERW-treated rats showed significant difference at 1 h, 3 h and 5 h
respectively as compared with the rats treated with distilled water. Both alcohol dehydrogenase
type 1 and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase related with oxidation of alcohol were significantly
increased in liver tissue while the level of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine
aminotransferase in serum was markedly decreased 24 h after pre-oral administration of ERW.
Moreover, oral administration of ERW significantly activated non-ezymatic
(glutathione) and enzymatic (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-Stransferase, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase) antioxidants in liver tissues
compared with the control group. These results suggest that drinking ERW has an
effect of alcohol detoxification by antioxidant mechanism and has potentiality
for relief of ethanol-induced hangover symptoms.
PMID: 19887722 [PubMed - in process]
Evidence for External Treatment
Acid features
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Sep;65(9):4276-9.
Efficacy of electrolyzed oxidizing water for inactivating Escherichia coli
O157:H7, Salmonella enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes.
Venkitanarayanan KS, Ezeike GO, Hung YC, Doyle MP.
Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
The efficacy of electrolyzed oxidizing water for inactivating Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella
enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes was evaluated. A five-strain mixture of E. coli O157:H7, S.
enteritidis, or L. monocytogenes of approximately 10(8) CFU/ml was inoculated in 9 ml of
electrolyzed oxidizing water (treatment) or 9 ml of sterile, deionized water (control) and incubated at
4 or 23 degrees C for 0, 5, 10, and 15 min; at 35 degrees C for 0, 2, 4, and 6 min; or at 45 degrees
C for 0, 1, 3, and 5 min. The surviving population of each pathogen at each sampling time was
determined on tryptic soy agar. At 4 or 23 degrees C, an exposure time of 5 min
reduced the populations of all three pathogens in the treatment samples
by approximately 7 log CFU/ml, with complete inactivation by 10 min of
exposure. A reduction of > 7 log CFU/ml in the levels of the three pathogens occurred in the
treatment samples incubated for 1 min at 45 degrees C or for 2 min at 35 degrees C. The bacterial
counts of all three pathogens in control samples remained the same throughout the incubation at all
four temperatures. Results indicate that electrolyzed oxidizing water may be a useful disinfectant,
but appropriate applications need to be validated.
•PMID: 10473453 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Ionized water kills E Coli, Salmonella and Listeria
FAQs
• What happens to alkaline water in the gut
• If I want to alkalize, why can’t I just take
baking soda?
• Can I drink alkaline water with my meals?
• Will acid water (pH 2.5 or 5.5) aid digestion?
• How long will it take to notice the benefits of
drinking ionized water?
• Can ionized water cure my …….?
How can I get my doctor to listen?
• First, seek to understand
– Doctors are extremely busy, stressed, and
have no time for the latest “healing remedy”
– “show me the data”
– “do no harm”
• Second, seek to be understood
– Keep it brief and compelling
– Provide data
– Sample water
Keys to Health and Wellness
• Believe in your body’s ability to heal itself
• Create a healthy mindset
• Manage stress
– Rest, Relax, Laugh, Express Gratitude, Serve
•
•
•
•
Move!
Eat from nature’s menu (primarily plant-based diet)
Supplement w/ vitamins, anti-oxidants, bHRT
Drink Ionized Water daily
Someone said it couldn’t be done…
Thank You