Pregnancy and Childbirth
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Objectives:
Pregnancy and Childbirth

Describe the physical and emotional changes a woman
typically goes through


Identify the importance of good prenatal care and the
important elements
Identify the contributors to infertility

Describe the process of labor and delivery

Describe ways of preparing for a healthy postpartum
period

Define key terms
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Deciding to Become a Parent

Physical health and age
 Financial circumstances
 Relationship with your partner
 Education, career and child care plans
 Emotional readiness
 Social support
 Personal qualities
 Philosophical or religious beliefs
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Preconception Care
Male and Female
 Pre-existing
medical conditions
 Prescription drug/OTC drug use
 Prior pregnancy or delivery
problems.
 Age
 Smoking, alcohol or other drug usage
 Diet/ Folic Acid
 Family history of genetic disorders
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Conception/Fertility
 Conception
is the fertilization of a
women’s egg by a man’s sperm

Fertilized egg is called a zygote

Egg not fertilized disintegrates within 24 hrs

Millions of sperm in ejaculate (Between 120 and 600
million sperm with each ejaculation)


Sperm release an enzyme to soften outer layer of
egg
Egg and sperm each carry 23 chromosomes
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HS 200 Continue with calendar entries

Thurs, Oct. 26- Wellness Worksheet S7

Tues, Nov. 7- Last day to turn in 12-Step
Review (may complete 12-step review OR
community activity/meeting)

Thurs, Nov. 9- Last day to accept service
learning projects (REQUIRED FOR ALL
STUDENTS)
Are you paying attention to your mind chatter?
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Pregnancy and
Childbirth
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Infertility
Affects about 10% of U.S. Couples

 Men
Women
 Low sperm count
 Blocked fallopian tubes
 Pelvic Inflamm. Disease
 Poor motility
 Endometriosis
 Blocked passageways
 Hormonal imbalance
 Toxic substances
 Uterine Growths
 Smoking
 Allergic responses to
 Drugs
sperm
 Testicular injury
 Smoking
 Infections
 Alcohol
 Birth defects
 Toxic chemicals or
radiation
 High Temperatures
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Not just viewed as the “woman’s
problem” anymore…..

35% of cases attributed to the male
Most common reason is inability to produce
adequate numbers of healthy sperm
Chronic alcohol abuse reduces
the ability of the male to produce
normally formed sperm cells.
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The Wives of Henry VIII
(
1491-1547
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
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Catherine of Aragon 1485-1536
13
Anne Boleyn 1505-1536
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Jane Seymour 1509- 1537
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The 6 Wives of Henry the VIII
 Divorced~
Beheaded~ Died~ Divorced~
Beheaded~ Survived
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Protect Your Fertility!
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Key Terms

Embryo: Weeks 2-8
 Fetus: Week 9 - Birth
 Placenta: Organ through which fetus receives
nourishment
 Umbilical cord: Cord connecting placenta and
fetus
 Amniotic Sac: Pouch enclosing and protecting
fetus
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Diagnosing Fetal
Abnormalities
 Ultrasound
 Amniocentesis
 Chorionic
Villus sampling (CVS)
 Triple marker screen (TMS)
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Basics of Prenatal Care
 Regular
medical checkups
 Blood tests
 Nutritious diet /Prenatal Vitamins (folic acid)
 Avoidance of alcohol, tobacco, other
drugs, and any infections that may harm
the fetus
 Reasonable exercise
 Preparation for childbirth
Physically / Emotionally
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Complications
 Ectopic
pregnancy
 Spontaneous Abortion, or miscarriage
 Preeclampsia/eclampsia
 Low-birth Weight (LBW)
 Infant Mortality
 SIDS
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Choices in Childbirth
 Who
is going to assist with delivery?
Discuss Birth Plan in advance
 Where
is the baby going to
be delivered?
 Who
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will be present at the birth?
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Labor and Delivery
3
Stages of Labor
Entire
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process 2-36+ hours
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Stage 1
◊ Cervical Effacement and Dilation
◊ Contractions- Every 15-20 minutes for 30
seconds
◊ Mucus plug is expelled and amniotic sac may
rupture.
◊ Last part of First Stage:
TRANSITION
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Stage 2- Expulsion
 Baby
slowly pushed into birth canal
 Baby squeezes through pelvis
 Head is usually delivered first
 Umbilical cord is cut
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Stage 3: Delivery of Placenta
5-20 minutes after birth
Apgar Scale of the Baby
Cesarean deliveries
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P. 98 Text
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Postpartum Depression
 affects
10-15% of women any time from
a month to a year after childbirth.
Less than 1% of new mothers—women
develop postpartum psychosis.
Paranoia~ Irrational Thoughts
Hospitalization often indicated
National Institute of Mental Health
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Causes are thought to be:
The dramatic hormonal shifts that occur
during pregnancy
The Chemical changes in the brain that result
The dramatic lifestyle changes and round-the clock- care
required after the birth of a baby.
Guilt, shame, isolation, and her depressed state often keep
her from getting the help needed.
Postpartum Depression is common and treatable
Call NIH at 1-866-615-6464 for assistance, support,
further info.
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What might have happened if Andrea Yates had
received the medical help and support needed?

Noah- 7, John-5, Luke- 3, and Paul- 2, Mary- 6 months
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Support the new moms you
know!
 Offer
to watch the baby or siblings
 Help with household chores,
shopping,etc.
 Check in regularly
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Protect your Fertility!
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