Quick Study Guide Energy - Chpt 9
What is energy?
A. energy is the ability to do ___________
B. work is a transfer of ____________ C. energy is given from one object to the other as a ___________________
D. energy and work are expressed in ___________ (J)
What is Kinetic Energy?
A. called the energy of __________
B. depends on mass and velocity
C. all moving objects have _______________
What is Potential Energy?
A. the energy an object has because of its ___________ or _____________
B. a stretched rubber band has ____________________ – when the end is let go that
energy becomes kinetic energy
C. objects lifted from the ground have _________________________
What are the different Forms of Energy?
A. Mechanical Energy(ex. Moving body parts or machines)
1. total energy of __________ and ____________ of an object
2. mechanical energy = _____________ energy + ___________ energy
B. Thermal Energy (heat)
1. the _____________ of the particles that make up an object
2. the _________motion of particles
C. Chemical Energy
1. energy of a compound that changes as its atoms are ____________ into new
compounds
2. food is full of ___________ energy
3. coal, gasoline, and wood have ____________l energy
D. Electrical Energy
1. the energy of moving ______________
E. Sound Energy
1. caused by an object’s ____________ – transmits energy through the air around
it
2. vocal cords vibrate when you talk
F. Light Energy
1. produced by the vibrations of electrically charged particles
G. Nuclear Energy
1. the energy associated with changes in the____________of an atom
2. produced when two or more nuclei(fusion-sun) __________ together or when
nucleus _________ apart(fission-nuclear power plants)
What is an Energy Conversion?
A. a ____________ from one form of _________ into another
B. jumping on a trampoline – kinetic energy (you jump down) converted to potential
energy (stretched trampoline) converted to kinetic energy (trampoline moves up) making
you bounce up to highest point(maximum potential energy) fall back down with kinetic
energy –right before you strike the trampoline you have maximum kinetic energy
C. when your body digests food, its chemical energy is converted to thermal energy to
maintain body temperature and to mechanical kinetic energy when you kick a ball
D. the sun’s energy(light) helps plants grow and they convert and store chemical energy
E. What are some examples of conversions of electrical energy?
1. alarm clock: electrical energy  light energy & sound energy
2. battery: chemical energy  electrical energy
3. light bulb: electrical energy  light energy and thermal energy
4. blender: electrical energy  mechanical kinetic energy and sound energy
F. any time one form of energy is converted into another form – some of the
original energy always gets converted into ______________ – usually
by frictional forces
What is the law of conservation of Energy?
A. Energy cannot be ________
B. Energy cannot be_______
C. Energy can only be ______________.
D. Energy before a transformation will ___________ the amount of energy
after a transformation.
Quick Study Guide Heat Chapt. 10
HEAT or Thermal Energy
1. What is Temperature?
A. the ______________ energy of an object and is measured using a thermometer which operates by
___________________
B. The more kinetic energy matter has the _____________ the temperature
C. Solids have the ________ kinetic energy—plasma has the _________ kinetic energy
2. What is Thermal Expansion ?
A. When an object’s temperature rises its volume will ___________
B. Metals expand __________—used in construction of buildings and bridges
C. Expansion joints are the ____________left to allow roads, sidewalks, pipes to _________and
_____________ preventing bursting due to changes in temperature.
3. What are the 3 temperature scales
A. ____________ --freezing 32 boiling 212
B. ___________---freezing 0 boiling 100
C. ___________—freezing 273 boiling 373
molecular movement
absolute zero=0 lowest possible temperature=no
4.Define thermal energy and how it moves?
A. Thermal energy is the ________________of kinetic energy in a substance
B. TE or Heat is transferred from a _________ temperature to a _________ temperature
C. Thermal equilibrium results when heat _________________ as a result of equality in temperature
between two substance
D. Heat is determined by temperature and ___________
5.Define and explain how each of the following works:
________________ the transfer of heat by direct contact between objects
A. Conductors: materials that transfer heat ___________(metals)
B. Insulators: materials that _____________ transfer heat easily (wood, rubber)
________________: the transfer of heat as a result of molecular movement in liquids and gases—
Convection Current --a circular pattern of hot gas/liquid rising and cooler gas/liquid sinking
_______________: transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic waves
Be able to identify or describe examples of energy conversions.
Be able to identify and describe conduction, convection, and radiation examples.
Be able to identify good conductors and good insulators.