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THE DAY OF PENTECOST
From the Resurrection to Pentecost:
“In the first book, O Theophilus, I have dealt with all that Jesus
began to do and to teach, until the day when he was taken up,
after he had given commands through the Holy Spirit to the
apostles he had chosen.
He presented himself alive to them after his suffering by
many proofs, appearing to them during forty days and
speaking about the kingdom of God (Acts 1:1-3).
THE DAY OF PENTECOST
From the Resurrection to Pentecost:
“And while staying with them he ordered them not to depart
from Jerusalem, but to wait for the promise of the Father, which,
he said, “you heard from me; for John baptized with water,
but you will be baptized with the Holy
Spirit not many days from now.”
(Acts 1:4-6).
THE DAY OF PENTECOST
From the Resurrection to Pentecost:
“So, when they had come together, they asked him, “Lord, will
you at this time restore the kingdom to Israel?” He said to them,
“It is not for you to know the times or seasons that the Father has
fixed by his own authority.
But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has
come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in
Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the
ends of the earth.”
Acts 1:6-8
The Promise and Purpose of the
Pouring out of the Holy Spirit
What did Jesus say is the purpose of the coming of
the Holy Spirit upon his followers?
“…you will receive power …”
Power for what purpose?
“…you will be my witnesses…”
Where would they be his witnesses?
“…in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to
the end of the earth” (Acts 1:8).
The Day of Pentecost
“When the Day of Pentecost arrived, they were all
together in one place. And suddenly there came from
heaven a sound like a mighty rushing wind, and it filled
the entire house where they were sitting. And divided
tongues as of fire appeared to them and rested on each
one of them. And they were all filled with the Holy
Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit
gave them utterance”
(Acts 2:1-4).
An Old Testament Feast
“The Feast of Weeks”
Leviticus 23:15-22
Following the Feasts of Passover,
Unleavened Bread, and Firstfruits
“You shall count seven full weeks from the day after
the Sabbath (following the Passover)… .”
An agricultural harvest feast … the conclusion of the
wheat harvest in ancient Israel
The Feast of Pentecost: “Feast of Weeks”
All Israelite (Jewish) men were required to observe the Feast of
Pentecost (Deuteronomy 16:16 = “Feast of Weeks”).
After the Temple was built in Jerusalem, the Feasts were
observed in Jerusalem.
“Now there were dwelling in Jerusalem Jews, devout men
from every nation under heaven” (Acts 2:5) --- Jewish pilgrims
in Jerusalem from all over the known world.
 In later Judaism, “the Feast of Weeks” was called
“Pentecost” and became linked with the giving of the Law at
Mount Sinai.
Jewish Tradition: Connection to Passover/Exodus
Passover (blood of the Lamb) & Exodus
– Redeemed Life in liberty, free from bondage
Mt. Sinai – Moses goes up mountain, covered
by cloud
Law comes down, given on Tablets of Stone
– Israel is constituted as a “holy nation,” the
covenant people of God
THE DAY OF PENTECOST
“Pentecost” = “50th Day”
Christian Calendar:
Easter  40 Days  Ascension
Ascension  10 Days  Pentecost
Old Covenant  New Covenant Fulfillment
The Whole World under the bondage of sin & death
Crucifixion (Passover)  Resurrection (exodus)
– Liberation from curse of sin and death
Jesus ascends into heaven
(taken into the glory cloud – Acts 1)
The Spirit descends on day of Pentecost
– writing the Law of God on the hearts of believers
– forming the New Covenant people of God
Old  New fulfillment
Passover & exodus = crucifixion & resurrection
Moses ascends Mt. Sinai = Jesus ascends into heaven
Giving of the Law = Giving of the Spirit (Pentecost)
Formation of Old Covenant people =  formation of
New Covenant People
Pentecost: in God’s Plan
for the Redemption of the World through Jesus Christ
Incarnation: (Christmas)
Life of righteousness as the Second Adam
Crucifixion: Sacrifice of Atonement
Resurrection: (Easter)
Ascension into Heaven: Reign as King begins
Pentecost: pouring out of the Holy Spirit for the
spread of the gospel to all nations.
Coming again in glory as Judge and Savior
The Harvest Feast
On that day of Pentecost following Jesus’
crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension:
• Peter preached the gospel of Jesus’ life, death,
resurrection, and ascension
• The other apostles proclaimed in the various
languages of the nations “the mighty works of
God” (the gospel)  
– “…how is it that we hear, each of us in his own
native language … … … we hear them telling in our
own tongues the mighty works of God” (Acts 2:7-11).
The Harvest Feast
“Now there were dwelling in Jerusalem Jews, devout men from
every nation under heaven” (Acts 2:5). 
Peter’s Pentecost Day Sermon (Acts 2:14-36) 
“This Jesus God raised up, and of that we all are witnesses. Being
therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received
from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out
this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing (2:32-33) … … .
“Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has
made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified”
(2:36).

Pentecost: The Harvest Feast
The Response to Peter’s preaching by the power of the
Holy Spirit:
“Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart,
and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers,
what shall we do?” And Peter said to them, “Repent and
be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ
for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the
gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for
your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom
the Lord our God calls to himself” (Acts 2:37-39).
Pentecost: The Harvest Feast
The Response to Peter’s preaching by the power of the
Holy Spirit:
“Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart”
– Conviction of sin
– “Circumcision of the heart”
“What shall we do?”
“Repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for
the forgiveness of your sins.”
Baptism in the name of Jesus Christ:
Pentecost: The Harvest Feast
The Response to Peter’s preaching by the power of the Holy Spirit:
Baptism in the name of Jesus Christ:
• sign of faith in him;
• entrance into and inclusion in the New Covenant people of God
through faith in Christ.
“…this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and
foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of
lawless men … (2:23) …
“Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has
made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified”
(2:36)
Pentecost: The Harvest Feast
“And with many other words he bore witness
and continued to exhort them, saying,
‘Save yourselves from this crooked generation.’
So those who received his word were baptized
and there were added that day about three
thousand souls.”
(cf. Exodus 32:21-29).