VOLUME
Measurement of the amount of space that the object takes up.
Objects are 3D meaning they have three dimensions, so volume must
include all three
In the metric system we have two ways of recording this
Cubic centimeters cm3 and liters (L), generally milliliters mL
LIQUIDS
We have tools to measure liquids in science
Called Graduated cylinders
 Graduated means that it is
marked in a consistent pattern
 Easy and fast but
you have to watch
for the meniscus
LIQUIDS
Meniscus is water stuck
to the sides, giving a bad
Measurement.
You need to measure from
the lowest point, it is in
the middle
SOLIDS
Not as easy to measure as liquids
Some have an easy shape to measure we call those regular shaped solids
Some have a hard shape to measure we call those irregular shaped solids
REGULAR SOLIDS(RECTANGLES)
Measure the sides of the object, don’t forget it is 3D so measure three
sides.
We often use terms length, width height or l, w, h
Once you have all three sides you multiply them all together l × w × h
REGULAR SOLIDS (CYLINDERS)
IRREGULAR SOLIDS
Too difficult to measure directly so we measure indirectly
One great method to use is Displacement
Displacement is the amount of a fluid that the object moves out of
the way when it is fully submerged
The volume of fluid moved is the same as the volume of the object
IRREGULAR SOLIDS
This works on everything from people to Battleships
In labs we can place objects into Graduated Cylinders with a fluid, generally
water and then we can see how much volume is displaced.
In class demo, Cylinder and Marbles
GASES
Very difficult to measure volume of a gas
You need to contain the gas
 In class demo, gas in one breath, measuring volume and mass
MORE REGULAR SOLID SHAPES/ NOTECARDS
Cone: V =
𝝅𝒓𝟐
Pyramid: 𝑽
=
𝒉
𝟑
𝒍×𝒘×𝒉
𝟑
DENSITY
Measurement of the amount of matter in an area
Combines mass and volume
Set value for every substance(element or compound) regardless of how
much of it you have.
DENSITY
Scale begins at 0 and goes up from there
Water is the reference point, 1 g/cm3 or 1000 kg/m3
Objects of larger density, sink below objects of lower density
Air at 20 degrees 1.2041 kg/m3
Air at 10 degrees 1.2466kg/m3
Air at 30 degrees 1.1644kg/m3
Which one sinks below the others?
DENSITY
DENSITY
Demo video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fE2KQzLUVA4
SUMMARY
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