http://mff.dsisd.net/Environment/Cycles.htm
ENERGY & MATTER
Energy is not the only thing
that moves through the ecosystem.
Atoms are never destroyed . . . only
transformed.
Take a deep breath.
The atoms you just inhaled
may have been inhaled by a
dinosaur millions of years
ago.
http://educ.queensu.ca/~fmc/august2004/pages/dinobreath.html
4 ATOMS make up 95% of the body
in most organisms
CARBON
OXYGEN
HYDROGEN
NITROGEN
The same molecules are passed around
again and again within the biosphere in
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
___________________________
WATER CYCLE
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
= ___________________
http://www.urbanrivers.org/water_cycle.html
WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT?
Makes up 60-70% of your body
Oxygen and Hydrogen are found in all the
building blocks of cells
________________________:
carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids
Hydrogen in H2O supplies
protons (H+) & electrons
photosynthesis
for_______________
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.htm
WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT?
SOLVENT
Water is a good _________________
Many molecules dissolve in water so it
provides a place for chemical reactions
to happen
Water doesn’t change temperature easily so it helps
with
HOMEOSTASIS
__________________
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.htm
WATER CYCLE
evaporation
condensation
http://www.radio-canada.ca/jeunesse/fd6/000_images/cat/c_buee_c.gif
http://www.css.cornell.edu/faculty/hmv1/watrshed/Etrans.htm
The evaporation of water from the surface of plant
leaves
TRANSPIRATION
= ________________
The return of water to
the surface in the form of
rain, snow, sleet, hail, etc.
PRECIPITATION
= ____________________
Image edited from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/water.html
WATER CYCLE
PH ONLINE LINK
Put in code: cbp-2033 Choose Start
CARBON CYCLE
CO2 in
atmosphere
CO2 in
ocean
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
4 main CARBON reservoirs
in BIOSPHERE
atmosphere
1.In ____________
as CO2 gas
ocean
2.In _______
as dissolved CO2 gas
land
3.On _______
in organisms, rocks, soil
Underground
4.__________ as coal & petroleum (fossil fuels) and
calcium carbonate in rocks
CO2 in
atmosphere
CO2 in
Ocean
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
Where does CO2 in atmosphere come from?
CO2 in
atmosphere
CO2 in
Ocean
Volcanic activity
1.________________
Human activity (burning fossil fuels)
2.______________
Cellular respiration
3._________________
Decomposition
4.____________ of dead organisms
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT?
BLOCKS
Found in all the BUILDING
_______________
of cells:
carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids
Image by Riedell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm
WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT?
Carbon in CO2 provides the atoms for
GLUCOSE
__________
production during
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
__________________...
the fuel that all living things depend on.
http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG
http://www.biologyclass.net/mitochondria.jpg
NITROGEN CYCLE
Section 3-3
N2 in Atmosphere
NO3and NO2-
NH3
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
WHY IS NITROGEN IMPORTANT?
NITROGEN BASES
__________________make
DNA and RNA
ATP
Adenine (nitrogen base) is used in _______
amino acids
Makes AMINO part of _________ (proteins)
Image by Riedell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm
Image by Riedell
79% of the atmosphere is made
up of NITROGEN gas (N2)
CAN’T
BUT we _____
use the nitrogen gas
we breathe!
The bond in N2 gas is so
strong it can only be broken by
lightning
_______________
Volcanic activity
_______________
few special bacteria
____________________
Image by Riedell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm
Image by Riedell
in the soil
Bacteria that live ______________
symbiotic
and in _________ relationships with
legumes
plants called _________, take
nitrogen from the atmosphere and
AMMONIA (NH )
turn it into ______________, a form
that is usable by plants.
3
THIS PROCESS
IS CALLED
NITROGEN FIXATION
_________________
http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/images/101nodules21.gif
Other bacteria in the soil convert
NITRATES (NO )
ammonia into ________________
& NITRITES (NO )
& _________________
which plants can also use.
The nitrogen we need for proteins,
ATP, and nucleic acids comes from
FOOD WE EAT
the ___________
NOT THE AIR
___________
we breathe!
3
2
-
-
Image from: http://www.utdallas.edu/images/departments/biology/misc/gonzalez-image.jpg
and http://www.cibike.org/CartoonEating.gif
modified by Riedell
NITROGEN CYCLE
Section 3-3
N2 in Atmosphere
NO3and NO2-
NH3
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
in the soil
Bacteria that live ______________
also carry out the reverse process
NITRATES
& NITRITES
___________ → _____________.
NITROGEN GAS
THIS PROCESS
IS CALLED
DENITRIFICATION
_________________