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Lecture Notes Presentation
Chapter 9: Life Span Development II
Paul J. Wellman
Texas A&M University
Psychology in Action, Fifth Edition by
Karen Huffman, Mark Vernoy, and
Judith Vernoy
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

• Moral Development
• Personality Development
• Death and Dying
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

• At different points in our lives, we exhibit different forms of thoughts and beliefs regarding moral behavior
• Kohlberg examined moral thought by asking people of various ages to comment on moral situations evident in a vignette:
– Heinz steals an expensive drug in order to save the life of his wife who suffers from cancer
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

• Temperament refers to the basic disposition of a person
• Thomas and Chess categorized infants into 3 temperament types:
– Easy children are mostly happy, relaxed and agreeable (40 %)
– Difficult children are moody, easily frustrated, overreactive (10 %)
– Slow-to-warm-up children are somewhat shy and withdrawn, take time to adjust (15 %)
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

 Trust vs mistrust (0-1 year)
 Autonomy vs shame and doubt (1-3 years)
 Initiative vs guilt (3-6 years)
 Industry vs inferiority (6 yrs to puberty)
 Identity vs role confusion
 Intimacy vs isolation
 Generativity vs stagnation
 Ego integrity vs despair
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

• Baumrind noted that parenting style has an impact on children’s personality
– Authoritarian parents value obedience and mature responsibility, their children are moody, aggressive, and have poor communication skills
– Authoritative parents are caring and sensitive toward their children but set firm limits; their children become self-reliant, self-controlled and high achieving
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

– Permissive parents:
• Indifferent-permissive parents set few limits and provide minimal interest; their children have poor self-control and poor social skills
• Indulgent-permissive parents are highly involved but place few demands on their children; their offspring tend to be impusive, immature, and out of control
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

• Family violence is associated with:
– Marital conflict
– Substance abuse (especially alcohol)
– Mental disorders
– Economic stress
• Unemployment
• Large number of children
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

• Thanatology is the study of death and dying
• Death is understood in terms of:
– Permanence: once a thing dies, it stays dead
– Universality: all living things eventually die
– Nonfunctionality: all living functions cease at death
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

• Grief reactions include:
– Numbness: person is dazed and confused, may deny that death has occurred
– Yearning is an intense longing for the dead person
– Disorientation and despair: person is listless and apathetic
– Resolution: person accepts and understands and loss
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

• Kubler-Ross has studied people’s reactions to their impending death:
– Denial: “I won’t die!”
– Anger: “It isn’t fair!!!!!!%$#*&”
– Bargaining: “God, I will do x if you let me live...”
– Depression: “Wahhh”
– Acceptance: “It is my time…”
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e

Copyright 2000 by John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the copyright owner.
© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e