Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Development of Photovoltaics and
Energy-Efficient Technologies
in Kazakhstan
Serekbol Tokmoldin
0% Photovoltaics in the
Kazakhstan Energy Pattern
12%
Oil & Gas
Kazakhstan Energy Forum, November 1, 2011, Almaty, Kazakhstan
12% Hydro
76% Coal
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Global Power Generation Forecast
Welt im Wandel: Energiewende zur Nachhaltigkeit,
Springer ISBN 3-540-40160-1
Grid Parity
DoE Cost Reduction Roadmap
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Efficiencies of Solar Cells based on different materials
Gaps show opportunities for R&D and Engineering
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Forecast of the world PV modules market growth (2004)
Year
2004
2010
2015
Solar panels
Sales
$4-4,5 bill. (1 GW)
Sales
$12-14,5 bill. (3 GW)
Sales
$44.5-53.8 bill. (12 GW)
Sales
$2 bill. (900 MW-1 GW)
Sales
$6-7 bill. (2.5-2.8 GW)
Sales
$22.2-26 bill. (10 GW)
Manufacturing of
photovoltaic
products
95%
5%
65%
35%
25%
75%
$1.9 bill.
$ 100 mln.
$3.9-4.6 bill. $2.1-2.5 bill.
$5-5.5 bill.
$ 19,5 bill.
silicon wafers thin-film cells silicon wafers thin-film cells silicon wafers thin-film cells
Thin-film cells are those solar cells which are based on:
 amorphous hydrogenated silicon;
 CdS/CdTe, CIS (CuInSe2), ZnO/CuO2 structures;
 multilayered А3В5 nanoheterostructures;
 quantum dots and Si/Ge superlattices.
The key question in selection of priority technologies is the question of availability of resources!
In this respect, silicon solar cells and technologies have an advantage.
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Innovation processes of IPT
Short-cut processes for
solar-grade polysilicon
Monosilane synthesis, process comparison
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
110 MW Solar Cells & Modules Plant
in Alatau Park of Innovation Technologies
Location of Business:
Alatau Park of Innovation Technologies Special Economic Zone,
Almaty city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Competitive Advantages:
 Development of Alatau Park of Innovation Technologies Special Economic Zone is
one of the two priorities of the Program of Innovation Development of the Republic
of Kazakhstan
 Stable geopolitical and economic situation in Kazakhstan
 Open-door policy for investors, tax preferences for investments and protection
 Ability of intellectual resources
 Large export potential in the framework of Customs Union of Kazakhstan, Russia
and Belorussia
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Project Objective:
 Creation of a vertically integrated manufacturing of silicon solar cells,
formation of a new economical cluster, providing for Kazakhstan’s domestic
market needs, and entry into international markets of high-tech products
Project Tasks:
 Creation of basic industry of PV materials and devices in Alatau Park of
Innovation Technologies Special Economic Zone at the Institute of Physics and
Technology
 Creation of the PV market in Kazakhstan
 Creation of a PV plants network for power production using various-type solar
modules
 Development of innovative technologies on the basis of the silicon solar cells
plant in collaboration with domestic and international Centers of Excellence
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
R&D Maintenance
1) Development of a short-cut technology for solar grade
silicon manufacturing from metallurgical silicon excluding
chlorosilane processing
King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology
(Saudi Arabia) has allocated USD 2.5 Mln.
2) Epitaxial and ion-beam technologies development for
high-efficiency silicon solar cells
Roth & Rau plans to invest the amount of EURO 1 Mln.
Partner – Prof. A.Ignatiev, Center for Advanced Materials, University of Houston
Applications
1) Manufacturing of turnkey lines for solar-grade multicrystalline silicon and gaseous
monosilane
Partner – Almaty Energo Service
2) Construction of solar-wind cogeneration power plants of various capacities
Partners –Almaty Energo Service and Green Energy Almaty
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Energy-Efficient Lighting
Ecological
Technological
Economic
The danger is not only in utilization of workout energy-efficient lamps, but also in partially
careless use of them. The broken or damaged
bulb lets out mercury vapor causing grave
poisoning;
 Mercury penetration into human organism
often happens during the inhalation of its
odorless vapor;
 According to the German Institute of Urban
Affairs in Germany less than 40% of all gasdischarge lamps are utilized. What about the
rest? Nobody knows;
 In 2009 in Russia about 40 million energyefficient lamps (200 kg of mercury) are sold.
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Roadmap of project implementation
Stage I
Assembly of
LED luminaire
Stage II
Assembly of LEDs
Stage III
Epitaxy,
Chip processing
Partner – Prof. A.Ignatiev, Center for
Advanced Materials, University of Houston
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Samples of LED applications
LED luminaire for housing and
communal services (HCS),
vandal resist, direct retrofit
LED STREETLIGHT LUMINAIRE «PHOENIX»
LED Greenhouse
Luminaire
LED Systems for
railway station illumination
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Luminous efficacy of LED luminaries
Efficacy of luminaire = Кled  Kо  Kэ  Kт
Luminous efficacy of LEDs
Heat losses of luminous flux
(0.85–0.95)
Efficacy of supply and control unit (0.80–0.97)
Efficacy of optical system
(0.50–0.92)
Kт


Kо
Optimization of heat design
Temperature range -35…+40С.
Temperature minimization of active region of LEDs.
Optimization of optical system

00 Development of secondary optics elements.
 Search and choice of materials with high optical
transmission, resistance to UV and chemical agents, as
well as thermo cycling.
Kэ


Optimization of supply and control
Increase of transformation efficacy.
Reliability growth of supply unit and development of
multifunctional devices.
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Selection of LED element base
Tested LEDs: Sample1 - Sample5
Table — Bin limits on luminous flux, indicated by manufactures and measured values of
luminous flux of samples at nominal current.
Sample
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 4
Sample 5
Bin limits, lm
90-100
100-120
82-130
107-114
91-118,5
Luminous flux, lm
89,7
90,6
100,2
100,3
80,1
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Optimization of optical system for LED
street light
Purpose: 100% usage of luminous flux.
Tasks:
1. Change of normative-technical base (illumination levels, height
and step of poles, requirements to glare, color rendering and
illumination level);
2. Development of luminary with required light output diagram;
3. Development of light projects.
Example of impractical illumination
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Optimization of heat design of luminaries
Storage
temperature,
С
-30 … +85
LEDs
Thermal model testing of
Luminaire Fortimo (Philips)
Supply units
 85
Protective coating
(polymer)
 90
Optics
 95
Thermogram of multichip
LED module
Kinetics of heating in different sample
points
Institute of Physics and Technology
Kazakhstan National R & D Holding «Parasat»
Thank you
for your attention!