Questions for (3.1.3) Swine welfare in different farm systems
Introductory Video
In California, ______ of egg sales are of the cage-free variety (including organic eggs), yet, in
2008_____ of Californians voted to ban cage egg production. a) 1-2%; 74% b) 5-10%; 63% c) 10-15%; 74% d) 15-20%; 56% e) 25-30%; 93%
At beginning of video, label pics as “Cage Egg Production and Cage-Free Egg Production”.
Third pics label “Swine in Gestation-Crates
In Florida, Arizona, and California, citizens voted to a) ban the use of gestation-crates in swine production b) ban the use of farrowing-crates in swine production c) ban the use of artificial insemination in swine production d) ban the use of abortion in swine production e) ban the use of hard, concrete floors in swine production
[True or False?] When asked, people almost always say they will pay higher prices for better animal care, and that the well-being of farm animals is more important than low food prices.
[True or False?] In surveys, human poverty, the U.S. health care system, food safety, and the environment were said to be of greater importance than the well-being of farm animals.
At 3:46 I remark upon how we read Agricultural and Food Controversies. Need to alter this. Cut the segment 3:46 to 3:54
[True or False?] The SOWEL model measure the animal welfare of both sows and piglets in alternative farm systems.
[True or False?] The SOWEL model accounts for the animals’ biological needs, but not their behavioral needs.
At 5:15, change one line to “Accounts for sows’ biological and behavioral (i.e., natural living) needs”. This change is necessary because the reading for the class has changed.
[True or False?] The SOWEL model accounts measures the well-being of sows in a way that is consistent with expert judgment, but is not consistent with consumer beliefs.
[True or False?] A telephone survey of Americans suggests that consumers believe an animal’s behavioral (i.e., natural living) needs are important for farm animal welfare.

[True or False?] Because the SOWEL model is a scientific instrument, it provides facts, not opinions, about farm animal welfare.
Article
The confinement-crate and confinement-pen differ in only one stage of swine production.
Which stage? a) Farrowing b) Gestation c) Nursery d) Finishing
A sow in a gestation-crate has about ____ square feet of space, compared to ____ square feet in a group-pen. a) 8; 16-24 b) 14; 16-24 c) 8; 25-35 d) 14; 25-35
[True or False?] Group-pens not only give sows more room but protect sows from aggression by other sows.
[True or False?] Without some method of feeding sows individually, it is difficult to feed sows the precise amount of food optimal for their health.
[True or False?] Sows can be raised in cramped spaces because they are generally kind to one another.
[True or False?] Animal scientists are agreed that group-pens are unambiguously better for sows’ well-being than gestation-crates.
[True or False?] The SOWEL model concludes that if sows are fed as a group then grouppens are better for the sows’ welfare than gestation-crates.
[True or False?] If sow welfare is enhanced through the use of group-pens instead of gestation-crates, then the confinement-pen system is superior in terms of animal welfare to the confinement-crate system.
[True or False?] The SOWEL model is particularly useful because it renders fact, not judgments, about animal welfare.
How do sows give birth and care for their piglets in a shelter-pasture system? a) They are brought in from the pasture into a shelter where all sows give birth in a common room with a concrete floor. b) They remain in the pasture and build their own shelter by digging burrows in the ground, where they give birth and nurse in isolation. c) They are brought in from the pasture and placed into a farrowing-crate, where they will give birth and nurse piglets for three weeks.

d) They remain the pasture but are provided small, individual shelters to give birth and nurse their young in isolation. e) Shelter-pasture systems are only for raising piglets that are already weaned.
[True or False?] Because growing pigs are in groups with other pigs in a large pasture, their tails must be docked to prevent pigs from chewing each others tails.
[True or False?] There is no downside to the shelter-pasture system, compared to the confinement-crate system, in terms of the piglets.
[True or False?] The SOWEL model concludes that the shelter-pasture system is superior to the confinement-crate system in terms of animal welfare.
[True or False?] The SOWEL model concludes that the shelter-pasture system is inferior to the confinement-pen system in terms of animal welfare.
Replacing gestation-crates with group-pens raises the cost of retail pork production by about
_____. a) $0.06 per retail pound b) $0.08 per retail pound c) $0.10 per retail pound d) $0.12 per retail pound e) $0.14 per retail pound
Economic experiments finds that consumers are willing to pay up to _____ more for retail pork produced using group-pens, instead of gestation-crates. a) $0.05 per retail pound b) $0.15 per retail pound c) $0.25 per retail pound d) $0.35 per retail pound e) $0.45 per retail pound
[Multiple choice, multiple selection] Economic experiments cannot be used to predict consumer behavior in a grocery store because a) You cannot sell pork in an economic experiment b) People are given more information in an experiment than in the grocery store c) People know they are being watched and studied in an experiment, whereas their grocery store purchases are largely anonymous. d) Laws governing consumer research prohibits the collection of demographic data from the subjects
[True or False?] Pork purchasing behavior in an experiment suggests how consumers might behave if they placed more emphasis on ethics than on saving money.
Compared to retail pork produced from a confinement-crate system, retail pork from a shelter-pasture system costs ____ more to produce. a) $0.10 per retail pound b) $0.12 per retail pound

c) $0.14 per retail pound d) $0.16 per retail pound e) $0.18 per retail pound
In experiments, consumers will pay up to ____ more per retail pound for pork produced from a shelter-pasture system than a confinement-crate system. a) $1.00 b) $2.00 c) $3.00 d) $4.00 e) $5.00
If we use the SOWEL model to judge animal welfare, the Step 1 label for meat at Whole
Foods refers to pork from sows whose well-being … a) is equal to or worse than the confinement-crate, confinement-pen, and the shelterpasture system. b) is superior to the confinement-crate system but inferior to the confinement-pen and shelter-pasture system. c) is superior to the confinement-crate and confinement-pen system, but inferior to the shelter-pasture system. d) is superior to the confinement-crate, confinement-pen, and the shelter-pasture system.
When Dr. Norwood purchased a ham produced in a setting similar [but a little better in terms of animal welfare] to a confinement-pen system, he paid ___, compared to the $1.69 price for a ham produced from a confinement-crate system. a) $2.33 b) $4.24 c) $4.49 d) $6.98 e) $6.99
If two different grocery stores sell pork at different prices, the difference can be attributed to
… a) Differences in the costs of raising the hog b) Differences in the cost of processing and distributing the pork c) Differences in types of consumers d) a and b e) a, b, and c