Can you complete the
experiment sheet we
did last lesson?
Do now!
Interesting
scientist
Last lesson
• Investigating the suitability of rocks for
different purposes
Which rock would make the best
statue?
What did you
decide?
Today’s lesson
• Three main rock types
Three main rock types
Igneous
Three main rock types
Sedimentary
Three main rock types
Metamorphic
Igneous rocks
From the latin “ignis” meaning fire
Igneous rocks
What’s the
difference?
Formed by the cooling of lava or magma
Igneous rocks
Made from crystals
Igneous rocks
Quick cooling forms small crystals, slow
cooling forms large crystals
Igneous rocks
Basalt is formed by quickly cooling lava
Igneous rocks
Pumice is formed from lava that contains a
lot of gas. It can float!
Igneous rocks
Obsidian is like dark glass formed when
molten silica cools quickly!
Igneous rocks
Granite is made from magma that cools
slowly underground
Sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rocks
Sediments like sand and mud build up at the
bottom of oceans and rivers
Sedimentary rocks
Over millions of years pressure from
successive layers forms these into
sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rocks
Layers!
Sedimentary rocks
Animals and plants can be trapped in the
sediments and can form fossils
Sedimentary rocks
Sandstone is made from sand grains stuck
together
Sedimentary rocks
Limestone is made from the mineral
calcite which came from the beds of
evaporated seas and lakes and from
sea animal shells.
Sedimentary rocks
Conglomerate
rocks are made
up of large
sediments like
pebbles. The
sediment is
cemented
together with
dissolved
minerals.
Sedimentary rocks
Shale are formed from clay and mud
that is compacted together by pressure.
Metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have
"morphed" into another kind of rock.
Metamorphic rocks
These rocks were once igneous or
sedimentary rocks. The rocks are under
tons of pressure, which causes heat
build up, and this causes them to
change.
Metamorphic rocks
These often also contain thin layers and
crystals but are much harder than
sedimentary rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Marble is limestone that has been
metamorphised
Metamorphic rocks
Slate is metamorphised shale
Metamorphic rocks
Anthracite coal
Brain-map
Mr Porter is now going to put these slides
on a loop so you can brain map them!