4th Six Weeks Review 1865-1917 Essential Information 1. What political questions needed to be answered by the U.S. government’s Reconstruction policy? What conditions southern states had to meet in order to return to the Union, whether the president or Congress was most responsible for creating Reconstruction policy, and what rights should be granted to former slaves. 2. What were the reconstruction policies of the Lincoln-Johnson administration? Southern states had not seceded, President responsible for Reconstruction because of his constitutional power to pardon, needed to be lenient to South in order to regain loyalty, Johnson will follow Lincoln except let Southern states decide legal status of the Freedmen. 3. What were the Black Codes? Laws enacted in the South after the Civil War restricting the rights of African Americans by denying them the right to bear arms, serve on juries, sue whites, and testify against whites. 4. What were the Reconstruction policies of the Radical Republicans in the U.S. Congress? Treat the South as conquered territory, punish the South, protect the legal status of the slaves; Congresses job because of their power to admit new states 5. Why was President Johnson impeached? Violation of the Tenure of Office Act; fails by one vote getting the 2/3’s vote for conviction. 6. Effect of Grant as President on Reconstruction: Congress had a president who would carry out Reconstruction Policies of the Radicals 7. What were the results of Radical Republicans Reconstruction? By 1870, all Southern states had been readmitted to the Union under “carpetbagger” governments that enforced Radical policies. Southern vigilante groups will form and increase sectional bitterness develops as they try to “redeem” the South. 8. What happened to African Americans after U.S. troops were pulled out of the South? Most political gains during Reconstruction were slowly eroded once troops moved out of the South, by 1890, Southern states form a more rigid system of segregation and denying AA the right to vote Significant Events 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Wade-Davis Bill 1864 Freedman’s Bureau established 1865 Radical Reconstruction begins, 1867 Tenure of Office Act 1867 Andrew Johnson’s impeachment trial, 1868 Election of 1876 7. Compromise of 1877 8. Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 9. Homestead Act, 1862 10. Knights of Labor 11. Transcontinental Railroad,1869 12. Credit Mobilier scandal, 1872 13. Little Big Horn, 1876 14. Great Railroad Strike, 1877 15. Munn v. Illinois 1877 16. Chinese exclusion Act, 1882 17. Pendleton Act, 1883 18. Haymarket Square Riot, 1886 19. Wabash v. Illinois 1887 20. American Federation of labor, 1886 21. Dawes Act, 1887 22. Interstate Commerce Act , 1887 23. Populist Party created, 1889 24. Massacre at Wounded Knee, 1890 25. Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 1890 26. Ellis Island opens 1892 27. Homestead strike, 1892 28. Panic of 1893 29. Hawaii, 1893 & 1898 30. Pullman Strike, 1894 31. William Jennings Bryan delivers his “Cross of Gold’ speech, 1896 32. USS Maine explodes, 1898 33. Spanish American War, 1898 34. Filipino War begins, 1899 35. Open Door Policy 1899 36. Creation of U.S. Steel, 1901 37. McKinley assassination, 1901 38. Panama Canal Treaty 1903 39. Roosevelt mediates coal strike, 1903 40. Wright Brothers, 1903 41. Roosevelt Corollary 42. Roosevelt breaks up Northern Securities, 1904 43. International workers of the World, 1905 44. Meat Inspection Act 1906 45. Pure Food and Drug act, 1906 46. Payne Aldrich Tariff, 1909 47. Ballinger - Pinchot controversy, 1909 48. Triangle Shirtwaist Fire 1911 49. Election of 1912 50. Underwood Tariff 51. Federal Reserve System Created, 1913 52. Federal Trade Commission, 1914 53. Clayton Anti-trust Act, 1914 Important People and other Info 1. Andrew Johnson 2. Edwin Stanton 3. Charles Sumner 4. Thaddeus Stevens 5. Blanche K. Bruce and Hiram Revels 6. Samuel Tilden 7. Rutherford B. Hayes 8. Booker T. Washington 9. W.E.B. DuBois 10. Ida B. Wells 11. 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments 12. Black codes 13. Radical Republicans 14. Carpetbaggers 15. Scalawags 16. Redemption 17. Sharecropping 18. Ku Klux Klan 19. Bourbons 20. Tuskegee Institute 21. Jim Crow Laws 22. Grover Cleveland 23. William McKinley 24. John D. Rockefeller 25. Andrew Carnegie 26. J. P. Morgan 27. Cornelius Vanderbilt 28. William Randolph Hearst 29. Thomas Edison 30. Alexander Graham Bell 31. Edwin Drake 32. Samuel Gompers 33. “Mother” Jones 34. James Weaver 35. Jacob Coxey 36. Chief Joseph 37. Sitting Bull 38. Laissez faire 39. Social Darwinism 40. Monopoly (trust) 41. Tweed Ring 42. Collective bargain 43. Grange 44. Greenbacks 45. Free silver 46. Theodore Roosevelt 47. William H. Taft 48. Woodrow Wilson 49. Eugene V. Debs 50. Robert LaFollette 51. Susan B. Anthony 52. Jane Addams 53. Alice Paul 54. Social Gospel 55. Charles Sheldon, In His Steps 56. Muckraker 57. Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives 58. Lincoln Steffens, Shame of the Cities 59. Ida Tarbell, History of Standard Oil 60. Upton Sinclair, The Jungle 61. Square Deal 62. Conservation 63. “Bull Moose Party” 64. New Nationalism 65. New Freedom 66. 16th amendment 67. 17th amendment 68. 18th amendment 69. 19th amendment 70. Joseph Pulitzer 71. Emilio Aguinaldo 72. Queen Lili’Uokalani 73. Walter Reed and William C. Gorgas 74. Alfred T. Mahan 75. Josiah strong 76. Imperialism 77. ‘white man’s burden” 78. Jingoism 79. Yellow journalism 80. Jingoism 81. DeLome Letter 82. Rough Riders 83. Teller Amendment 84. Platt amendment 85. Protectorate 86. Gunboat diplomacy 87. Dollar diplomacy