Families on the Periodic Table
• Elements on the periodic table can be
grouped into families bases on their chemical
properties.
• Each family has a specific name to
differentiate it from the other families in the
periodic table.
• Elements in each family
react differently with
other elements.
ALKALI METALS
Group 1
• Hydrogen is not a member, it is a
non-metal
• All are metals and solid at room
temp
• Soft and silvery, shiny
• Very reactive, esp. with water
• Conduct electricity
Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
Group 2
• Metals
• Solids at room temp
• White, silvery
• Reactive, but less
than Alkali metals
• Conduct electricity
TRANSITION METALS
 Metals
 Almost all are solids
at room temp (Hg)
 Good conductors of
heat and electricity.
 Can bond with
many elements in a
variety of shapes.
BORON FAMILY
Group 3
• 3 electrons in the outer
shell
• Most are metals
• Boron is a metalloid
• Reactive
• Solid at room temp
CARBON FAMILY
Group 4
• Carbon (C)
• Reactivity varies
• Solids at room
temp
NITROGEN FAMILY
Group 5
• 5 electrons in the
outer shell
• Can share
electrons to form
compounds
• Nitrogen is the
only gas at room
temp, rest are
solids
OXYGEN FAMILY
Group 6
• 6 electrons in
the outer shell
• Reactive
• Oxygen is a gas,
the rest are
solids at room
temp
Halogens
Group 7
• 7 electrons in
the outer shell
Noble Gases
Group 8
 Exist as gases
 Non-metals
 8 electrons in the
outer shell = Full
 Helium (He) has
only 2 electrons
in the outer shell
= Full
 Not reactive with
other elements
Rare Earth Metals
• Some are
Radioactive
• The rare earths
are silver, silverywhite, or gray
metals.
• Conduct
electricity
Periods
•Each row is called a “period”
•The elements in each period have
the same number of shells
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Groups
Group 8 = 8 electrons
Group 1 = 1 electron
Group 2 = 2 electrons
Except for He, it has 2
electrons
•Each column is
called a “group”
•Each element in a
group has the same
number of electrons
in their outer orbital,
also known as
“shells”.
•The electrons in the
outer shell are called
“valence electrons”
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet
• Metals - are on the left side
• Nonmetals – are on the right side
• Metalloids – are on a slanting line between
the metals and nonmetals
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet
Where are the metals, nonmetals,
and metalloids located in the
periodic table?
Metalloid
Elements having properties of both
metals and nonmetals.
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet
Germanium, with an atomic number of 32, is
not a metal or a non-metal, but a metalloid.
– Describe where metalloids are found on the
periodic table, with respect to the metals and
non-metals.
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet
Metalloids are found in between metals and nonmetals on the periodic table. Their position tells us
that they have some of the characteristics of
metals and some characteristics of non-metals. For
example, germanium conducts electricity, but not
as well as true metals.
Elements are organized in the periodic table in such a
way that there are patterns of elements placed close
together that have similar properties. For example,
knowing the properties of one element in a column of
the periodic table will help a person predict the
properties of other elements in that same column.
–Describe two properties common to elements found
at the far left of the periodic table.
–Describe two properties common to elements found
at the far right of the periodic table.
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet
On the far left side of the periodic table the
elements are all metals. So, they are solids
at room temperature and are good
conductors of heat and electricity.
One the far right side of the periodic table,
the elements are gases at room
temperature. They are colorless and nonreactive.