HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Review in slides
Malaysia
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Content
Basic socio-demographic indicators
HIV prevalence and epidemiological status (1986-2009)
Risk behaviors (2006-2009)
Vulnerability and HIV knowledge (2007-2009)
Economics of AIDS (1993-2002)
National Response (2005-2009)
Archive
2
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Basic socio-demographic indicators
Total population (in thousands)
27,914 (2010)2
Annual population growth rate
1.5% (2010-2015)2
Population aged 15-49 (thousands)
15,082 (2008)6
Percentage of population in urban areas
72% (2010)1
Crude birth rate (births per 1,000 population)
20.4 (2008)3
Under-5 mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
6 (2008)4
Human development index (HDI) - Rank/Value
57/0.744 (2010)5
Life expectancy at birth (years)
74.7 (2010)5
Adult literacy rate
92.1% (2005-2008)5
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education (%)
103 (2007)3
GDP per capita (PPP, $US)
14,011 (2009)3
Per capita total health expenditure (Int.$)
604 (2007)4
Source: 1. UNFPA The State of World Population 2010
2. UN Statistics Division 2010: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/socind/population.htm
3. World Bank World Development Indicators & Global Development Finance ;http://databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do?Step=12&id=4&CNO=2
4. WHO World Health Statistics 2010
5. UNDP Human Development Report 2010
3
6. UN Population Division - Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision, Population Database
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence and
epidemiological status
4
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among populations at higher
risk, 2007-2009
% 25
22.1
20
* MSM
15
11
10.5
2007 - VCT site survey
2009 – Venue-based
study in Kuala Lumpur
9.2
10
7.1
5
3.9
0
FSW
Transgender
2007
*MSM
IDU
2009
Source: UNGASS country progress report 2008; Power point presentations of Preliminary Findings of IBBS 2009 by
Malaysian AIDS Council, Power point presentation of “ Venue-based MSM study in Kuala Lumpur,2009” by Malaysian AIDS
council
5
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Size estimates of populations at higher risk
Populations
IDU
FSW
MSM
Transgender
Clients of FSW
Size Estimates
170,000
50,000
173,000
5,000
845,000
Source: Finding s from National Consensus workshop May 26-29, 2009_WHO & Ministry of Health AIDS/STD Division, 2009
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HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Number of reported HIV/AIDS cases by gender,
1986- June 2009
7000
6000
Number
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Male
Source: Ministry of Health,2009
Female
7
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Reported HIV and AIDS cases
Reported HIV and AIDS cases
( 1986-2008 December)
Reported HIV and AIDS cases,
2008
105,000
5,000
90,000
14,576
4,500
4,000
75,000
941
3,500
60,000
Count
3,000
AIDS
HIV
45,000
AIDS
2,500
HIV
2,000
30,000
1,500
1,000
15,000
500
84,630
0
3,692
0
1986-2008
Source: Ministry of Health,2009
2008
8
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Percent distribution of reported HIV/AIDS
cases by gender, 1990-2008
100%
80%
60%
Female
Male
40%
20%
0%
1990
Source: Ministry of Health,2009
1995
2000
2005
2008
9
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Percent distribution of reported HIV/AIDS cases
by age group, 1990-2008
100%
80%
50+ yr
60%
40-49 yr
30-39 yr
20-29 yr
40%
13-19 yr
<13 yr
20%
0%
1990
Source: Ministry of Health,2009
2000
2008
10
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Percent distribution of reported HIV/AIDS
cases by mode of transmission, 1986-2008
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Sharing needle
Source: Ministry of Health,2009
Heterosexual
Homosexual
Vertical
Blood transfusion
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HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Trends in percent distribution of reported cases of HIV
infection by mode of transmission, 2000-2008
IDU
%
80
Hetero
Homo/Bi
Vertical
79.6
74.7
74.2
71
70
69.7
66
60
57.3
57.2
53.6
50
40
30
20
28.9
27.4
17.7
19.8
19.3
17.5
26.8
22.2
14
10
1.2
0
0.7
1.6
2000
1
2001
Source: Ministry of Health,2009
3.5
2.2
0.7
0.9
2002
0.9
2003
4.5
3.4
1
2004
1.2
2005
4
1.4
2006
3.1
1.5
2007
1.4
2008
12
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Reported HIV and AIDS cases by region, Jan to
Dec 2008
Perlis
34 1212 6
Pulau…
Melaka
85
HIV Male
31
111
N Sembilan
82
WP KL
93
Sabah
34
Serawak
13
64
98
Kedah
11
62
108
26
44
14
71
182
23
64
Terengganu
282
Perak
289
Pahang
21 6
42
29
73
279
Selangor
48
330
Johor
1
12
84
5
111
417
Kelantan
103
84
26
148
634
0
AIDS Female
2
62
21
AIDS Male
5
14 36
18
HIV Female
100
200
300
20
115
400
500
600
700
34
2
800
900
Number
Source: Ministry of Health, 2009
13
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Percent distribution of reported cases of HIV
and AIDS by ethnicity, 2008
80
70
70
61
60
50
40
30
19
20
12
10
6
7
5
5
2
4
3
3
2
1
0
Malay
Chinese
Indian
Foreigner
HIV
Source: Ministry of Health, 2009
Sarawakian
Sabahan
Other
Malaysian
AIDS
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HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Percentage of HIV + pregnant women among
ANC attendees, 2000-2008
45000
0.06
40000
141
177
138
110
170
190
200
0.05
79
35000
85
0.04
25000
0.03
20000
15000
Percent
Number
30000
0.02
10000
0.01
5000
0
0
2000
2001
Number HIV +
2002
2003
2004
# of ANC attendees screened
2005
2006
2007
2008
% HIV +
Source: Malaysia country presentation_East Asia and Pacific Regional Office HIV & AIDS Chiefs and Specialist s’ Meeting, 15
17-20 th November 2009, Bangkok
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Number of babies tested HIV + among reported
number of babies delivered by HIV + mother,
2000-2008
250
9
8
Number of babies born
200
7
6
55
150
5
4
4
100 190
196
3
163
152
141
138
50 109
85
79
1
3
2
Number of babies tested HIV +
8
1
0
0
22
00
00
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Total number of babies born by HIV + mother
Total number of babies tested HIV +ve
Source: Malaysia country presentation_East Asia and Pacific Regional Office HIV & AIDS Chiefs and Specialist s’ Meeting, 16
17-20 th November 2009, Bangkok
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Percentage of HIV + children below 19 years
among total reported HIV + cases, 2000-2008
100
0.04
90
80
70
60
50
0.02
40
Percent HIV +
Number of HIV + cases
0.03
30
0.01
20
10
0
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
<12
2004
13-19
2005
2006
2007
2008
% HIV positive
Source: Malaysia country presentation_East Asia and Pacific Regional Office HIV & AIDS Chiefs and Specialist s’ Meeting, 17
17-20 th November 2009, Bangkok
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Reported HIV, AIDS and Death, Malaysia
1986-June 2008
Death
10,783
AIDS
14,133
HIV
82,704
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
Number
Ministry of health 2008
18
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Reported HIV, AIDS and Deaths by States, 1986-June 2008
Ministry of Health 2008
19
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Estimated prevalence among populations at
higher risk
Source: Finding s from National Consensus workshop May 26-29, 2009_WHO & Ministry of Health AIDS/STD Division, 2009
20
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Estimated cumulative number of people living
with HIV by sex
120,000
100,000
Numbers
82,494 in 2008
0.47% adult prev
80,000
82,494 in 2008
0.47 % adult prev
Female
60,000
Male
40,000
20,000
0
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
Source: Spectrum projections; Power point presentation by Adeeba Kamarulzaman at 9 th ICAAP in Bali
Year
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Estimated number of new HIV infections by sex
Numbers
10,000
9,211
9,211 in
in 2008
2008
9,000
8,000
7,000
1:9
6,000
1:9
in
in 2008
2008
5,000
4,000
Female
3,000
Male
2,000
1,000
0
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Source: Spectrum projections; Power point presentation by Adeeba Kamarulzaman at 9 th ICAAP in Bali
2015
Year
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV Notification Screening Rates 2000-2008
1,400,000
28.5
30
27.0
25.1
24.7
23.4
Number screened
25
21.9
21.7
1,000,000
16.7
20
13.3
800,000
15
600,000
5107
5938
6978
6756
6427
6120
5830
4549
3692
400,000
10
5
200,000
0
2000
2001 2002 2003
No. of screening
2004
2005
2006 2007 2008
Notification rate
Source: Power point presentation by Adeeba Kamarulzaman at 9 th ICAAP in Bali
0
Year
Notification rate
1,200,000
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Estimated number of people living with HIV,
2001-2007
Source: 2008 Report on the global AIDS epidemic, UNAIDS/WHO, July 2008
24
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Ministry of health and UNAIDS 2008
25
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Ministry of health and UNAIDS 2008
26
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
UNGASS indicators values for Most at risk
populations (2007)
Indicators
MSM
%
IDU
%
Sex workers
%
HIV prevalence
7.1
11
>5
HIV testing
100*
100*
100*
HIV prevention
coverage
100*
86*
HIV comprehensive
knowledge
98.4*
78.4*
Condom use
27.6
35.4
Safe injecting
practices
5.1
* Denominator or numerator is not the standard UNGASS definition
27
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Ministry of health 2008
28
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
(%)
Ministry of health 2008
29
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among young people (15-24),
2007
Source: Malaysia_UNAIDS, Epidemiological Fact Sheets, 2008 Update
30
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
31
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence and
epidemiological status
32
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among populations at higher
risk
Factory workers
(West-central, 2001)
0
Long distant truck
drivers (East coast2000)
3.7
STI patients (2002)
6.09
Fishermen (North1998)
-
1.7
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Percent (%)
UNGASS Country Report, 2005
33
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among general population
and populations at higher risk
(%) 5
3.7
4
3
1.7
2
1
0.5
0
0
Adults (2005)
National
Long distance
drivers (2000)
N=906
Factory workers
(2001) N=3,000
Fishermen (1998)
N=542
UNAIDS, Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2006. UNGASS Country Report, 2005
34
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Ministry of health 2005
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among migrant workers,
2000-2004
Source: Malaysia_UNAIDS, UNGASS Coutntry Report, 2008 citing MoH, 2004
36
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Reported number of HIV cases by age, 2003
Source: UNAIDS, Malaysia UNGASS Country Report, 2005
37
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
38
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among pregnant women,
by state, 2003
Perlis
Terengganu
Perak
Pulau Pinang
Pahang
Melaka
Kelantan
Selangor
Sarawak
Sabah
Negeri Sembilan
Kedah
Johor
Kuala Lumpur
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
In 2005, 358,622 antenatal women were tested, 0.04%
(154) were found HIV+. National HIV prevalence among
antenatal women is less than 0.01%.
0.05
0.1
Source: UNAIDS, Epidemiological Fact Sheets, 2006
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
(%)
39
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV infection (%)
% distribution of reported HIV cases, by
ethnicity and mode of transmission, 2002
100
8.1
11
10.5
7.3
13.5
80
44.8
60
40
81.4
79.2
44.2
20
0
Malay
IDU
Chinese
Heterosexual
Ministry of Health 2003
Indians
Others
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
25
80
68
20
19.6
60
17.9
16.4
15
70
Percent (%)
HIV positive (%)
Trends in HIV prevalence among injecting
drug users and prisoners and % who share
needles in 2002
50
14.3
13.2
13.2
40
10.3
10
30
20
5
10
0
0
1996
1997
1998
HIV prevalence
1999
2000
2001
2002
Sharing
Ministry of Health and WHO. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS: Epidemiology in 2004-Malaysia, 2004
41
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among IDUs,
by state, 2002
P.Pinang
Kedah
Kelantan
Perlis
WP
Perak
N.Sembilan
Pahang
Johor
Selangor
Sabah
Melaka
Terengganu
Sarawak
0.00
0.45
0.23
0.20
0.19
0.18
  All states with higher
prevalence are in the north and
north-east, except for Kuala
Lumpur, the capital.
0.14
0.13
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.01
0.10
Source: UNGASS Country Report, 2005
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
(%)
42
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
Estimated number of drug users and
injecting drug users in Malaysia, 2002
1,032,111
1,000,000
897,624
800,000
Numbers in ‘red’ are
median estimates,
whereas numbers in
‘black’ are upper and
lower estimates.
Drug users
794,413
600,000
400,000
135,506
200,000
Injection drug users
117,955
104,486
1
2
Source: MOH, WHO and University Utara. Estimation of drug users and injecting drug users in Malaysia, 2003
43
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
STI and HIV prevalence among FSWs, 2000
Any STI
40.9
1
Trichomonas
Gonorrhea
2.4
Chlamydia
6.3
Syphilis
30.1
11.5
HIV
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Percent (%)
Ministry of Health and WHO. Prevalence survey of sexually transmitted infections among sex workers and women
attending antenatal clinics. Malaysia 1999-2000
44
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among IDUs and non-IDU s
by region, 1998
40
35.6
35
HIV positive (%)
30
24.4
25
18.7
20
15
10.2
8.54
10
5
2.7
0.68
0.95
0
North
West
Non-IDU
South
East
IDU
Ministry of Health and WHO. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS: Epidemiology in 2004-Malaysia, 2004
45
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among female sex workers by
cities, 1996
Source: UNAIDS, Epidemiological Fact Sheets, 2006: 1196 is the most recent data available
46
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
HIV prevalence among MSM by cities, 1996
Source: UNAIDS, Epidemiological Fact Sheets, 2006
47
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific
THANK YOU
slides compiled by www.aidsdatahub.org
Data shown in this slide set are comprehensive to the extent they are available from country
reports. Please inform us if you know of sources where more recent data can be used.
Please acknowledge www.aidsdatahub.org if slides are lifted directly from this site
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