The Circulatory System Unit Test Study Guide
Students will need to know the definitions for the following vocabulary words (a word bank will be
provided, so spelling will be counted):
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Heart – a strong, muscular, four-chambered organ that pumps blood through the body
Aorta – carries the blood from the left ventricle to all parts of the body
Lower vena cava – vein that carries blood from the body and legs to the right atrium
Upper vena cava – vein that carries blood from the head and arms to the right atrium
Septum – dividing wall of membrane that separates the ventricles of the heart
Right atrium – receives deoxygenated blood from the body
Left ventricle – sends oxygenated blood to the body and heart
Pulmonary artery – carries blood directly from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
Valves – membranes that control the flow of blood into and out of the heart
Left atrium – receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
Right ventricle – receives blood from the right atrium and sends the blood to the lungs
Pulmonary vein – carries blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart
Blood – red liquid in the veins, arteries, and capillaries that carries oxygen and nutrients to all
parts of the human body (blue until oxygen touches it)
14. Kidney – organ that removes or filters waste products from the blood
Students will need to know the functions of the vein, artery, and capillary.
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The vein is a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart for fresh oxygen
The capillaries are tiny blood vessels that carry blood between the arteries and veins
The artery is a blood vessel that carries blood, rich with oxygen and nutrients, away from the
heart
Students will need to know the following facts (Students WILL NEED TO WRITE IN COMPLETE
SENTENCES!!!):
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The four main components of blood are plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Platelets help form blood clots to stop the flow of blood when a blood vessel is cut.
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin.
White blood cells fight against bacteria, viruses, and other microscopic organisms.
The yellowish fluid portion of the blood is called plasma.
Platelets help the body by making blood coagulate.
To measure your heart rate, press your fingertips on the pulse point in your wrist. Use a watch
with a second hand and count the number of pulses in 30 seconds.
Your liver breaks down dead cells and uses what it can as nutrients. The spleen helps filter your
blood by removing harmful waste.
Cholesterol is harmful for your body because it clogs your arteries.
A heart attack is when heart muscles die because they do not receive enough oxygen.
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The four basic blood types are A, B, AB, and O.
A transfusion is when blood is transferred from one person to another.
Tissues are made up of cells.
Nutrients are food.
White cells in the blood help fight infection.
Red corpuscles carry oxygen.
Students will need to be able to label the following parts of the heart: aorta, veins, left ventricle, right
ventricle, right atrium, left atrium, and septum. They have labeled hearts in class. These are pasted in
their interactive notebooks and you can find a picture on my website.