OBJECTIVES
After studying Chapter 8, the reader will be able to:
1. Prepare for ASE Engine Performance (A8)
certification test content area “B” (Ignition System
Diagnosis and Repair).
2. Explain how ignition coils create 40,000 volts.
3. Discuss crankshaft position sensor and pickup coil
operation.
4. Describe the operation of waste-spark and coil-onplug ignition systems.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
IGNITION SYSTEM OPERATION
• The ignition system includes components and
wiring necessary to create and distribute a high
voltage (up to 40,000 volts or more).
• All ignition systems apply voltage close to battery
voltage to the positive side of the ignition coil and
pulse the negative side to ground.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
IGNITION COILS
• The heart of any ignition
system is the ignition coil.
• The coil creates a highvoltage spark by
electromagnetic induction.
• Many ignition coils contain
two separate but electrically
connected windings of
copper wire.
FIGURE 8-1 Internal construction of an oil-cooled
ignition coil. Notice that the primary winding is
electrically connected to the secondary winding. The
polarity (positive or negative) of a coil is determined by
the direction in which the coil is wound.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
IGNITION COILS
FIGURE 8-2 Typical air-cooled epoxy-filled
E coil.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
FIGURE 8-3 Cutaway of a General
Motors Type II distributorless ignition
coil. Note that the primary windings are
inside of the secondary windings.
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
IGNITION COILS
•
•
•
•
•
Self-Induction
Mutual Induction
How Ignition Coils Create 40,000 Volts
Primary Ignition Circuit
Secondary Ignition Circuit
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
IGNITION COILS
FIGURE 8-4 Typical
primary and secondary
electronic ignition using a
ballast resistor and a
distributor. To protect the
ignition coil from
overheating at lower
engine speeds, many
electronic ignitions do not
use a ballast resistor but
use electronic circuits
within the module.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
IGNITION SWITCHING AND TRIGGERING
• For any ignition system to function, the primary
current must be turned on to charge the coil and off
to allow the coil to discharge, creating a highvoltage spark.
• This turning on and off of the primary circuit is called
switching.
• The unit that does the switching is an electronic
switch, such as a power transistor.
• This power transistor can be located in any of the
following locations:
– In the ignition control module (ICM)
– In the PCM (computer)
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
WHAT IS A “MARRIED”AND “DIVORCED”COIL
DESIGN?
FIGURE 8-5 A tapped-(married) type ignition coil where the primary winding is
tapped (connected) to the secondary winding.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
• To get a spark out of an ignition coil, the primary coil
circuit must be turned on and off.
• This primary circuit current is controlled by a
transistor (electronic switch) inside the ignition
module or (igniter) that in turn is controlled by one
of several devices, including:
–
–
–
–
Pickup coil (pulse generator).
Hall-effect switch.
Magnetic crankshaft position sensor.
Optical Sensors.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
FIGURE 8-6 Operation of a typical pulse generator (pickup coil). At the bottom is
a line drawing of a typical scope pattern of the output voltage of a pickup coil.
The module receives this voltage from the pickup coil and opens the ground
circuit to the ignition coil when the voltage starts down from its peak (just as the
reluctor teeth start moving away from the pickup coil).
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
FIGURE 8-7 The varying voltage signal from the pickup coil triggers the ignition
module. The ignition module grounds and un-grounds the primary winding of the
ignition coil, creating a high-voltage spark.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
FIGURE 8-8 Hall-effect switches use metallic shutters to shunt magnetic lines of
force away from a silicon chip and related circuits. All Hall-effect switches produce
a square wave output for every accurate triggering.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
FIGURE 8-9 Shutter blade of a rotor as it passes between the sensing
silicon chip and the permanent magnet.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
FIGURE 8-10 Some Halleffect sensors look like
magnetic sensors. This Halleffect camshaft reference
sensor and crankshaft
position sensor have an
electronic circuit built in that
creates a 0- to 5-volt signal
as shown at the bottom.
These Hall-effect sensors
have three wires: a power
supply (8 volts) from the
computer (controller); a
signal (0 to 5 volts); and a
signal ground.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
FIGURE 8-11 A magnetic
sensor uses a permanent
magnet surrounded by a coil
of wire. The notches of the
crankshaft (or camshaft)
create a variable magnetic
field strength around the coil.
When a metallic section is
close to the sensor, the
magnetic field is stronger
because metal is a better
conductor of magnetic lines of
force than air.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
FIGURE 8-12 A typical magnetic crankshaft position sensor.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PRIMARY CIRCUIT OPERATION
FIGURE 8-13 (a) Typical optical distributor. (b) Cylinder I slit signals the
computer the piston position for cylinder I. The I-degree slits provide accurate
engine speed information to the computer.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
OPTICAL DISTRIBUTORS DO NOT LIKE LIGHT
FIGURE 8-14 (a) An optical distributor on a Nissan 3.0 L V-6 shown with the
light shield removed. (b) A light shield being installed before the rotor is
attached.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
DISTRIBUTOR IGNITION
•
•
•
•
General Motors HEI Electronic Ignition
Ford Electronic Ignition
Operation of Ford Distributor Ignition
Chrysler Distributor Ignition
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
DISTRIBUTOR IGNITION
FIGURE 8-15 An HEI distributor.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
DISTRIBUTOR IGNITION
FIGURE 8-16 A typical
General Motors HEI coil
installed in the distributor
cap. When the coil or
distributor cap is replaced,
check that the ground clip
is transferred from the old
distributor cap to the new.
Without proper grounding,
coil damage is likely.
There are two designs of
HEI coils. One uses red
and white wire as shown,
and the other design,
which has reversed
polarity, uses red and
yellow wire for the coil
primary.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
DISTRIBUTOR IGNITION
FIGURE 8-17 This uses a remotely mounted ignition coil.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
DISTRIBUTOR IGNITION
FIGURE 8-18 Wiring diagram of a typical Ford electronic ignition.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
DISTRIBUTOR IGNITION
FIGURE 8-19
Schematic of a Ford
TFI-IV ignition
system. The SPOUT
connector is
unplugged when
ignition timing is
being set.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
DISTRIBUTOR IGNITION
FIGURE 8-20 A Chrysler electronic ignition distributor. This unit is equipped
with a vacuum advance mechanism that advances the ignition timing under
light engine load conditions.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
WASTE-SPARK IGNITION SYSTEMS
• Waste-spark ignition is another name for
distributorless ignition system (DIS) or electronic
ignition (EI).
• Wastespark ignition was introduced in the mid1980s and uses the onboard computer to fire the
ignition coils.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
WASTE-SPARK IGNITION SYSTEMS
FIGURE 8-21 A waste-spark
system fires one cylinder
while its piston is on the
compression stroke and into
paired or companion
cylinders while it is on the
exhaust stroke.In a typical
engine, it requires only about
2 to 3 kV to fire the cylinder
on the exhaust strokes. The
remaining coil energy is
available to fire the spark
plug under compression
(typically about 8 to 12 kV)
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
WASTE-SPARK IGNITION SYSTEMS
FIGURE 8-22 The left-hand rule states that if a coil is grasped with the left hand,
the fingers will point in the direction of current flow and the thumb will point
toward the north pole.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
WASTE-SPARK IGNITION SYSTEMS
FIGURE 8-23 Typical Ford
EDIS 4-cylinder ignition
system. The crankshaft
sensor, called a variablereluctance sensor (VRS),
sends crankshaft position and
speed information to the EDIS
module. A modified signal is
sent to the computer as a
profile ignition pickup (PIP)
signal. The PIP is used by the
computer to calculate ignition
timing, and the computer
sends a signal back to the
EDIS module as to when to
fire the spark plug. This return
signal is called the spark
angle word (SAW) signal.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
IGNITION CONTROL CIRCUITS
• Ignition control (IC) is the OBD-II terminology for
the output signal from the PCM to the ignition
system that controls engine timing.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
BYPASS IGNITION CONTROL
• A bypass-type ignition control means that the engine starts
using the ignition module for timing control and then
switches to the PCM for timing control after the engine starts.
• A bypass ignition is commonly used on General Motors
engines equipped with distributor ignition (DI), as well as
those equipped with waste-spark ignition.
• The bypass circuit includes four wires:
–
–
–
–
Tach reference (purple/white)
Ground (black/white).
Bypass (tan/black).
EST (ignition control) (white wire).
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
BYPASS IGNITION CONTROL
FIGURE 8-24 Typical wiring diagram of a V-6
distributorless (direct fire) ignition system.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
UP-INTEGRATED IGNITION CONTROL
• Most coil-on-plug and many waste-spark-type
ignition systems use the PCM for ignition timing
control.
• This type of ignition control is called up-integrated
because all timing functions are interpreted in the
PCM, rather than being split between the ignition
control module and the PCM.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
COMPRESSION-SENSING IGNITION
• Some waste-spark ignition systems, such as those
used on Saturns, use the voltage required to fire the
cylinders to determine cylinder position.
– It requires a higher voltage to fire a spark plug under
compression than it does when the spark plug is being
fired on the exhaust stroke. The
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
COIL-ON-PLUG IGNITION
• Coil-on-plug (COP) ignition uses one ignition coil
for each spark plug.
• This system is also called coil-by-plug, coilnearplug, or coil-over-plug ignition.
– Two-wire.
– Three-wire.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
COIL-ON-PLUG IGNITION
FIGURE 8-25 A coil-on-plug ignition system.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
COIL-ON-PLUG IGNITION
FIGURE 8-26 A typical coil-on-plug (COP) ignition system on a V-8
with a separate coil for each cylinder.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
COIL-ON-PLUG IGNITION
FIGURE 8-27 Individual coils with modules shown on the General Motors 4.2L inline 6-cylinder light-truck engine. Note the aluminum cooling fins (heat
sink) on top of each assembly.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
ION-SENSING IGNITION
• In an ion-sensing ignition
system, the spark plug itself
becomes a sensor.
• The ignition control (IC)
module applies a voltage of
about 100 to 400 volts DC
across the spark plug gap
after the ignition event to
sense the plasma inside
the cylinder.
FIGURE 8-28 A DC voltage is applied across the
spark plug gap after the plug fires and the circuit
can determine if the correct air–fuel ratio was
present in the cylinder and if knock occurred.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
IGNITION TIMING
• Ignition timing refers to
when the spark plug fires in
relation to piston position.
– The time when the spark
occurs depends on engine
speed, and therefore must be
advanced (spark plugs fire
some) as the engine rotates
faster.
FIGURE 8-29 Ignition timing marks are
found on the harmonic balancers that are
equipped with distributor ignition.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
INITIAL TIMING
• If the engine is equipped
with a distributor, it may be
possible to adjust the base
or the initial timing.
• The initial timing is usually
set to fire the spark plug
between zero degrees (top
dead center or TDC) or
slightly before TDC
(BTDC).
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
FIGURE 8-30 The initial timing is
where the spark plug fires at idle
speed. The computer then advances
the timing based on engine speed
and other factors.
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
KNOCK SENSORS
• Knock sensors are used to detect abnormal
combustion, often called ping, spark knock, or
detonation.
– Whenever abnormal combustion occurs, a rapid pressure
increase occurs in the cylinder, creating a vibration in the
engine block.
• Diagnosing the Knock Sensor
• Replacing a Knock Sensor
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
KNOCK SENSORS
FIGURE 8-31 A typical waveform from a knock sensor during a spark knock event.
This signal is sent to the computer which in turn retards the ignition timing. This
timing retard is accomplished by an output command from the computer to either a
spark advance control unit or directly to the ignition module.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SPARK PLUGS
• Spark plugs are
manufactured from ceramic
insulators inside a steel
shell.
• The threads of the shell are
rolled and a seat is formed
to create a gastight seal
with the cylinder head.
FIGURE 8-32 Parts of a typical spark plug.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SPARK PLUGS
• The physical difference in spark plugs includes:
– Reach. This is the length of the threaded part of the plug.
– Heat range.
– Type of seat.
• Resistor Spark Plugs
• Platinum Spark Plugs
• Iridium Spark Plugs
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SPARK PLUGS
FIGURE 8-33 The heat range of a spark plug is determined by the distance the
heat has to flow from the tip to the cylinder head.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SUMMARY
1. All inductive ignition systems supply battery
voltage to the positive side of the ignition coil and
pulse the negative side of the coil on and off to
ground to create a highvoltage spark.
2. If an ignition system uses a distributor, it is a
distributor ignition (DI) system.
3. If an ignition system does not use a distributor, it is
called an electronic ignition (EI) system.
4. A waste-spark ignition system fires two spark plugs
at the same time.
5. A coil-on-plug ignition system uses an ignition coil
for each spark plug.
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. How can 12 volts from a battery be changed to
40,000 volts for ignition?
2. How does a magnetic sensor work?
3. How does a Hall-effect sensor work?
4. How does a waste-spark ignition system work?
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
1. The primary (low-voltage) ignition system must be
working correctly before any spark occurs from a
coil. Which component is not in the primary ignition
circuit?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Spark plug wiring
Ignition module (igniter)
Pickup coil (pulse generator0
Ignition switch
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
1. The primary (low-voltage) ignition system must be
working correctly before any spark occurs from a
coil. Which component is not in the primary ignition
circuit?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Spark plug wiring
Ignition module (igniter)
Pickup coil (pulse generator0
Ignition switch
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
2. The ignition module has direct control over the
firing of the coil(s) of an EI system. Which
component(s) triggers (controls) the module?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Pickup coil
Computer
Crankshaft sensor
All of the above
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
2. The ignition module has direct control over the
firing of the coil(s) of an EI system. Which
component(s) triggers (controls) the module?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Pickup coil
Computer
Crankshaft sensor
All of the above
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
3. Distributorless (waste-spark) ignition systems can
be triggered by a ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Hall-effect sensor
Magnetic sensor
Spark sensor
Either a or b
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
3. Distributorless (waste-spark) ignition systems can
be triggered by a ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Hall-effect sensor
Magnetic sensor
Spark sensor
Either a or b
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
4. HEI, Duraspark, and EIS are examples of ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Waste-spark systems
Coil-on-plug ignition systems
Distributor ignition systems
Pickup coil types
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
4. HEI, Duraspark, and EIS are examples of ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Waste-spark systems
Coil-on-plug ignition systems
Distributor ignition systems
Pickup coil types
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
5. Coil polarity is determined by the ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Direction of rotation of the coil windings
Turns ratios
Direction of laminations
Saturation direction
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
5. Coil polarity is determined by the ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Direction of rotation of the coil windings
Turns ratios
Direction of laminations
Saturation direction
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
6. Because of ______, an ignition coil cannot be fully
charged (reach magnetic saturation) until after a
delay of about 10 ms.
a) Voltage drop across the ignition switch and related
wiring
b) Resistance in the coil windings
c) Inductive reactance
d) Saturation
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
6. Because of ______, an ignition coil cannot be fully
charged (reach magnetic saturation) until after a
delay of about 10 ms.
a) Voltage drop across the ignition switch and related
wiring
b) Resistance in the coil windings
c) Inductive reactance
d) Saturation
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
7. The pulse generator ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Fires the spark plug directly
Signals the electronic control unit (module)
Signals the computer that fires the spark plug directly
Is used as a tachometer reference signal by the
computer and has no other function
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
7. The pulse generator ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Fires the spark plug directly
Signals the electronic control unit (module)
Signals the computer that fires the spark plug directly
Is used as a tachometer reference signal by the
computer and has no other function
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
8. Two technicians are discussing distributor ignition.
Technician A says that the pickup coil or optical
sensor in the distributor is used to pulse the
ignition module (igniter). Technician B says that
some distributor ignition systems have the ignition
coil inside the distributor cap. Which technician is
correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
8. Two technicians are discussing distributor ignition.
Technician A says that the pickup coil or optical
sensor in the distributor is used to pulse the
ignition module (igniter). Technician B says that
some distributor ignition systems have the ignition
coil inside the distributor cap. Which technician is
correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
9. A waste-spark-type ignition system ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Fires two spark plugs at the same time
Fires one spark plug with reverse polarity
Fires one spark plug with straight polarity
All of the above
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
9. A waste-spark-type ignition system ______.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Fires two spark plugs at the same time
Fires one spark plug with reverse polarity
Fires one spark plug with straight polarity
All of the above
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
10. Technician A says that a defective crankshaft
position sensor can cause a no-spark condition.
Technician B says that a faulty ignition control
module can cause a no-spark condition. Which
technician is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
10. Technician A says that a defective crankshaft
position sensor can cause a no-spark condition.
Technician B says that a faulty ignition control
module can cause a no-spark condition. Which
technician is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e
By James D. Halderman
© 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458