First Tuesday after the first Monday in November Local, county, state representation and issues Every even year, vote for representatives for U.S. Congress (and maybe a Senator) National election is every four years (for President) Other elections are special or primary elections held in the spring http://www.sos.state.tx.us/elections/forms/sa mple-ballot-2015.pdf Circa 1812-1850 The Age of Jackson--Introduction and Overview Railroad Erie Canal Cotton gin Kitchen cabinet Spoils system Abolitionists Immigrants Steamship Veto Whigs Clipper Manifest Destiny Temperance Henry Clay Jackson Calhoun Websters Herman Melville Oregon Know-Nothings Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Seneca Falls Polk Transcendentalism Monroe Doctrine Harrison Mormons First Semester: Read any book having to do with U.S. History prior to 1900. Fiction, non-fiction, biography… Note: author, year published, publisher Be ready to present the book the week of Dec. 8. You are graded on a 3-5 minute presentation and answering questions about the book and its value in the study of U.S. History. You are also required to ask a number of questions. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/art/seven-factsstar-spangled-banner/ What defines us as Americans? How does the election of Jackson lead to a new idea of democracy, populism and democratic leadership? How did Native American issues affect future growth of the U.S.? How and why did slavery spread? Who has more power? States or Federal government? How could America be better for the average person? How did technology affect the growth of this nation? How does manifest destiny shape an American character? The U.S. began to develop a modern democracy and celebrated a new national culture, while Americans sought to define the nation’s democratic ideals and change their society and institutions to match them. Innovations in technology, agriculture, and commerce powerfully accelerated the American economy, precipitating profound changes to U.S. society and to national and regional identities. The U.S. interest in increasing foreign trade and expanding its national borders shaped the nation’s foreign policy and spurred government and private initiatives. Results of The War of 1812 Early Industrialization Advances in Transportation Monroe and The Era of Good Feeling The American System Indian Policies and Geographic Expansion Missouri Compromise and Slavery Election of 1824 Reform Movements Republican Motherhood & Cult of Domesticity Democracy in the Age of Jackson The American Renaissance—finding our voice The man The myth The marriage His presidency The New American The Bank The Nullification Crisis Indian Policy Cabinet & Women (“Petticoat Affair”) Inventions First Industrial Revolution Eli Whitney—interchangeable parts Eli Whitney—cotton gin Steam ship Railroad Cities Immigrants Transcendentalists Education Health care issues Women Religion Immigrants Anti-Immigration Temperance Cotton Gin The New South South Carolina Slave laws (became stricter due to the Haitian Rebellion of 1790s) Quaker efforts Abolitionist efforts Texas Revolution Texas—Republic 1836 Texas—Statehood 1845 Mexican War 1846-1848 New western lands Gold Rush 1849 Exploration and settlement President Monroe President John Quincy Adams Henry Clay John C. Calhoun Webster Boys Andrew Jackson Cherokees Inventors, authors, thinkers, reformers, doers Songs Poetry Novels Art Essays Immigrants IRISH GERMANS Why they came Reaction of Nativists Where the immigrants lived and why Contributions to U.S. culture The Last of the Virginia Dynasty One political party—Dem-Rep. Nationalism Florida acquired by Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 Missouri Compromise—1820—kept slave state/free state question at bay Rush-Bagot Treaty—established Canadian Border Henry Clay of Kentucky Built roads, turnpikes, canals, bridges (infrastructure) Began laying RR tracks Subsidies from the government Advances in transportation—clipper ship, RR, steamboat Erie Canal— Steamship—Voyage from U.S. to England reduced from 3 months to 2 weeks Protective Tariffs (customs duties was our primary way to raise money before income taxes started in 20th century) 1819—Financial Panic Sectionalism—North vs. South vs. West (Senators Webster , Calhoun, and Clay) Purpose: defense against European Empires Major ideas: no colonization in Latin America, no European interference, No American interference in established European colonies Results: British support, European respect (?), legacy of isolationism 1. Define historiography 2. Name an interesting fact about a President of the United States or a candidate for President of the United States. 3. Be able to cite your source. Speaking of presidents, we are starting primary season soon… http://www.dentonrc.com/opinion/editorialsheadlines/20151020-hold-on-for-the-primaries.ece See class notes on handout and power point on Jacksonian Democracy “Tell… the Nullifiers for me that they can talk and write resolutions and print threats to their heart’s content. But if one drop of blood be shed in defiance of the laws of the United States, I will hang the first man of them I can get my hands on to the first tree I can find.” “The Union must and shall be preserved.” The Westward Movement James K. Polk and expansionists Conflicts and Questions Causes: American property in Mexico, Mexico still claimed Texas, boundary disputes Opposition by Thoreau, Webster, Lincoln Battles of Buena Vista & Vera Cruz American occupation of California, New Mexico, South Texas, and Mexico City Texas boundary Mexican Cession ($15 million for NM, CA, Col, Nev, Utah, Wy) (War was first to use light artillery, photography, and telegraph) Established southern boundary with Mexico Sutter’s Mill—Sacramento, California Brigham Young and Mormons Native Americans In 1839, there was a rebellion of slaves captured from Africa on the Spanish ship, Amistad. These slaves overtook the ship and killed several Spanish sailors. An American ship later captured Amistad and brought it to New London, Connecticut with around fifty African men and women. There was a trial to determine if the “property” of Spain should be returned or if these people should be returned to their home of origin. After the court decided in favor of the rebels, President Martin Van Buren, concerned with Southern anxieties over the decision, appealed the case to the Supreme Court. Out of nine justices, seven were Southern slave holders. The abolitionist sponsors of the first case appealed to Congressman and Former President John Quincy Adams to speak for the Amistad captives. View and listen to the film segment and focus on the argument of the defense and the final decision of the highest United States Court. How did Adams use history for his side? Marshall Court, 1801-1835—led by Chief Justice John Marshall (remember Marbury v. Madison) Focused on a strong central government Promoted business Upheld supremacy of federal legislation over state legislation Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 1819— protected contracts from state law Worcester v. Georgia, 1831—upheld rights of Cherokees in Georgia—led to Jackson’s Indian Removal Act and Trail of Tears The Liberator, 1831 (Garrison’s abolitionist newspaper) Democracy in America, 1835 (Alexis De Tocqueville’s work on American individualism) The Hudson River School, mid 1800s (group of artists led by Thomas Cole—America’s beauty through landscapes—1st American school of art) McGuffey Readers, 1836 (reading instruction book—poems, stories, essays with patriotic themes promoting moral values) “Civil Disobedience”, 1849 (Thoreau’s essay opposing Mexican War and injustice) The Scarlet Letter, 1850 --Hawthorne’s novel on legacy of Puritanism Leaves of Grass, 1855 --Walt Whitman’s poems glorifying nature over reason Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852—Stowe’s anti-slavery novel Walden, 1854—Thoreau’s transcendentalist novel about life in nature I. Characteristics—national awareness, romanticism, idealization of nature, good of mankind (reform), democracy, patriotism II. Major authors—Poe, Emerson Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, Whitman, Longfellow, Emily Dickinson, Margaret Fuller (transcendentalist journal editor) III. “Who we are, is who we were.” J.Q. Adams Emotional and exaggerated story-telling—often dark and scary Literature, music and art Examples: Washington Irving’s Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Hawthorne’s House of Seven Gables, anything by Poe, Melville’s Moby Dick This style coincided with a growth of spiritualism—an interest in contacting “the other side”—followed in Europe and America (Mary Todd Lincoln) It was many and many a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea, That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of Annabel Lee; And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me. I was a child and she was a child, In this kingdom by the sea: But we loved with a love that was more than love I and my Annabel Lee; With a love that the winged seraphs of heaven Coveted her and me. And this was the reason that, long ago, In this kingdom by the sea, A wind blew out of a cloud, chilling My beautiful Annabel Lee; So that her high-born kinsmen came And bore her away from me, To shut her up in a sepulchre In this kingdom by the sea. The angels, not half so happy in heaven, Went envying her and me Yes! that was the reason (as all men know, In this kingdom by the sea) That the wind came out of the cloud one night, Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee. But our love it was stronger by far than the love Of those who were older than we Of many far wiser than we And neither the angels in heaven above, Nor the demons down under the sea, Can ever dissever my soul from the soul Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side Of my darling -my darling -my life and my bride, In the sepulchre there by the sea In her tomb by the sounding sea. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Second Great Awakening Public Education Prison and Sanitarium Reform Utopian Communities Liberia Seneca Falls Mormons Transcendentalists Temperance Society Child Labor Nativists The Lowell System Stephen Foster & Am. Music Abolitionist Societies Novelists and Poets Hudson River School . Speak clearly—no gum Tell the name of your topic and source of information Explain major points Write out challenging words on the board if necessary Listen attentively as a respectful and supportive class member Speak approximately 1-2 minutes only “Books are the carriers of civilization. Without books, history is silent, literature dumb, science crippled, thought and speculation at a standstill. I think that there is nothing, not even crime, more opposed to poetry, to philosophy, ay, to life itself than this incessant BUSINESS.” Henry David Thoreau (says the man who owned a pencil factory) Originally known as Armistice Day, when WWI fighting stopped Changed to Veterans Day after WWII Honors all people who have served the United States in the military in any capacity Time to remember and thank all men and women in uniform Current veterans have served these wars: WWII, Korea, Vietnam, Persian Gulf, Iraq, Afghanistan