Circa 1812-1850
Introduction and Overview
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Results of The War of 1812
Early Industrialization
Advances in Transportation
Monroe and The Era of Good Feeling
The American System
Missouri Compromise
Election of 1824
Reform Movements
Republican Motherhood & Cult of Domesticity
Democracy in the Age of Jackson
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The man
The myth
The marriage
His presidency
The New American
The Bank
The Nullification Crisis
Indian Policy
Cabinet & Women
(“Petticoat Affair”)
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Inventions
First Industrial Revolution
Eli Whitney—interchangeable parts
Eli Whitney—cotton gin
Steam ship
Railroad
Cities
Immigrants
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Transcendentalists
Education
Health care issues
Women
Religion
Immigrants
Anti-Immigration
Temperance
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Cotton Gin
The New South
South Carolina
Slave laws
Quaker efforts
Abolitionist efforts
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Texas Revolution
Texas—Republic 1836
Texas—Statehood 1845
Mexican War 1846-1848
New western lands
Gold Rush 1849
Exploration and
settlement
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Songs
Poetry
Novels
Art
Essays
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President Monroe
President John Quincy Adams
Henry Clay
John C. Calhoun
Webster Boys
Andrew Jackson
Cherokees
Inventors, authors,
thinkers, reformers,
doers
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What defines us as Americans?
How does the election of Jackson lead to a new idea of
democracy and democratic leadership?
How did Indian issues affect future growth of the
U.S.?
How and why did slavery spread?
Who has more power? States or Federal government?
How could America be better for the average person?
How did technology affect the growth of this nation?
How does manifest destiny shape an American
character?
The Last of the Virginia Dynasty
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One political party—Dem-Rep.
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Nationalism
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Florida aqcuired by Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819
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Missouri Compromise—1820—kept slave
state/free state question at bay
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Rush-Bagot Treaty—established Canadian Border
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Henry Clay of Kentucky
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Built roads, turnpikes, canals, bridges (infrastructure)
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Began laying RR tracks
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Subsidies from the government
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Advances in transportation—clipper ship, RR,
steamboat
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Protective Tariffs
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1819—Financial Panic
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Sectionalism—North vs. South vs. West
(Senators Webster , Calhoun, and Clay)
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Purpose: defense against European Empires
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Major ideas: no colonization in the Americas, no
European interference, No American interference
in established European colonies
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Results: British support, European respect (?),
legacy of isolationism
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See class notes on handout and power point on
Jacksonian Democracy
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“Tell… the Nullifiers for me that they can talk and
write resolutions and print threats to their heart’s
content. But if one drop of blood be shed in
defiance of the laws of the United States, I will
hang the first man of them I can get my hands on
to the first tree I can find.”
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“The Union must and shall be preserved.”
The Westward Movement
James K. Polk and expansionists
Conflicts and Questions
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Causes: American property in Mexico, Mexico
still claimed Texas, boundary disputes
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Opposition by Thoreau, Webster, Lincoln
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Battles of Buena Vista & Vera Cruz
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American occupation of California, New Mexico,
South Texas, and Mexico City
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Texas boundary
Mexican Cession ($15 million for NM, CA, Col,
Nev, Utah, Wy)
(War was first to use light artillery, photography,
and telegraph)
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Established southern boundary with Mexico
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Sutter’s Mill—Sacramento, California
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Brigham Young and Mormons
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Native Americans
So…
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Children—work and education
Women—family and basic rights
Temperance (curbing “demon rum”)
Help for disadvantaged people
Slavery and its extension into the new territories
What do these issues say about the U.S.?
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Second Great Awakening
Public Education
Prison and Sanitarium Reform
Utopian Communities
Liberia
Seneca Falls
Mormons
Transcendentalists
Temperance Society
Child Labor
Nativists
Lowell System
Stephen Foster & Am. Music
Abolitionist Societies
Read, note
and present
to class on
Thurs.
Refer to
textbook,
or other
valid source
--provide
website if
used.
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List of 3-5 major societies
Leaders of the societies
Philosophies of the societies
Where they were located
Their primary mission
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In 1839, there was a rebellion of slaves captured
from Africa on the Spanish ship, Amistad.
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These slaves overtook the ship and killed several
Spanish sailors.
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An American ship later captured Amistad and
brought it to New London, Connecticut with
around fifty African men and women.
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There was a trial to determine if the “property” of
Spain should be returned or if these people should
be returned to their home of origin.
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After the court decided in favor of the rebels,
President Martin Van Buren, concerned with
Southern anxieties over the decision, appealed the
case to the Supreme Court. Out of nine justices,
seven were Southern slave holders.
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The abolitionist sponsors of the first case
appealed to Congressman and Former President
John Quincy Adams to speak for the Amistad
captives.
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View and listen to the film segment and focus on
the argument of the defense and the final decision
of the highest United States Court.
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How did Adams use history for his side?
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Marshall Court, 1801-1835—led by Chief Justice
John Marshall (remember Marbury v. Madison)
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Focused on a strong central government
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Promoted business
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Upheld supremacy of federal legislation over state
legislation
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Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 1819—protected
contracts from state law
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McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819—federal government
cannot require states to pay a special tax—called “The
Bank of the U.S. Case”
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Worcester v. Georgia, 1831—upheld rights of
Cherokees in Georgia—led to Jackson’s Indian
Removal Act and Trail of Tears
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Characteristics—national awareness,
romanticism, idealization of nature, good of
mankind (reform), democracy, patriotism
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Major authors—Poe, Emerson Thoreau,
Hawthorne, Melville, Whitman, Longfellow,
Emily Dickinson, Margaret Fuller
(transcendentalist journal editor)
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“Who we are, is who we were.” J.Q. Adams
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Emotional and exaggerated story-telling—often dark and scary
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Literature, music and art
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Examples: Washington Irving’s Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Hawthorne’s
House of Seven Gables, anything by Poe, Melville’s Moby Dick
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This style coincided with a growth of spiritualism—an interest in
contacting “the other side”—followed in Europe and America
(Mary Todd Lincoln)
It was many and many a year ago,
In a kingdom by the sea,
That a maiden there lived whom you may know
By the name of Annabel Lee;
And this maiden she lived with no other thought
Than to love and be loved by me.
I was a child and she was a child,
In this kingdom by the sea:
But we loved with a love that was more than love I and my Annabel Lee;
With a love that the winged seraphs of heaven
Coveted her and me.
And this was the reason that, long ago,
In this kingdom by the sea,
A wind blew out of a cloud, chilling
My beautiful Annabel Lee;
So that her high-born kinsmen came
And bore her away from me,
To shut her up in a sepulchre
In this kingdom by the sea.
The angels, not half so happy in heaven,
Went envying her and me Yes! that was the reason (as all men know,
In this kingdom by the sea)
That the wind came out of the cloud one night,
Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee.
But our love it was stronger by far than the love
Of those who were older than we Of many far wiser than we And neither the angels in heaven above,
Nor the demons down under the sea,
Can ever dissever my soul from the soul
Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;
For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams
Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;
And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes
Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;
And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side
Of my darling -my darling -my life and my bride,
In the sepulchre there by the sea In her tomb by the sounding sea.
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The Liberator, 1831 (Garrison’s abolitionist newspaper)
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Democracy in America, 1835 (Alexis De Tocqueville’s work on
American individualism)
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The Hudson River School, mid 1800s (group of artists led by
Thomas Cole—America’s beauty through landscapes—1st
American school of art)
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McGuffey Readers, 1836 (reading instruction book—poems,
stories, essays with patriotic themes promoting moral values)
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“Civil Disobedience”, 1849 (Thoreau’s essay opposing Mexican
War and injustice)
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The Scarlet Letter, 1850 --Hawthorne’s novel on
legacy of Puritanism
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Leaves of Grass, 1855 --Walt Whitman’s poems
glorifying nature over reason
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Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852—Stowe’s anti-slavery
novel
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Walden, 1854—Thoreau’s transcendentalist novel
about life in nature
A. Identify the
section of the
document
assigned and
rewrite it in
your own
21st century
language.
B. Identify the
overall idea
or theme of
your section.
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Railroad
Erie Canal
Cotton gin
Kitchen cabinet
Spoils system
Abolitionists
Immigrants
Steamship
Veto
Whigs
Clipper
Manifest Destiny
Temperance
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Henry Clay
Jackson
Calhoun
Websters
Herman Melville
Oregon
Know-Nothings
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
Seneca Falls
Polk
Transcendentalism
Monroe Doctrine
Harrison
Mormons