Maritime Domain Awareness
Information Sharing, Processes and
Partnerships
Navy-Industry International
Dialogue
19 April 2005
Talking Points
• The Concept of Maritime Domain Awareness
(MDA)
• USCG MDA implementation
• US National level MDA organization
• International MDA relationships
Global Traffic Patterns
Domain Awareness
Fundamental to National / DHS / USCG strategies
National Strategy for Combating Terrorism
Key to defending any Nation is the effective knowledge of all
activities, events, and trends within any specified domain (air,
land, sea, cyber) ...
This “domain awareness” enables identification of threats as early
and as distant from any nations borders... as possible, to provide
maximum time to determine the optimal course of action
MDA Definition
Maritime Domain Awareness is the effective understanding of
anything associated with the global maritime domain that could
impact the security, safety, economy, or environment of the United
States.
Maritime Security Strategy
Reduced Maritime Security Risks
Output
Awareness
Enhance
Maritime
Domain
Awareness
Prevention
Protection
Create &
Oversee
Maritime
Security
Regime
Increase
Operational
Presence,
Enhance
Deterrence
Response
Improve
Response
Posture
Input
Authorities
Capabilities
Capacity
Partnerships
MDA Concept Information Flow
Information
Collect
Analyze
•
Vessels
•
Sensors
•
Collate
•
People
•
•
Fuse
•
Facilities
Operators & field
personnel
•
Analyze
•
Cargo
•
Intel. Agencies
•
Assess
•
Infrastructure
•
Open source
•
Sea lanes
•
Private sector data
•
Threats
•
Interagency
•
Friendly forces
•
•
Weather
International
partners
•
State/Local
Disseminate
•
Decisions
Common Operating
Picture
•
Indications & Warnings
•
Assessments
•
Estimates
Technology and Processes
P
R
O
D
U
C
T
S
•
Strategic
•
Operational
•
Tactical
MDA Components & Connections
MDA Essential Tasks
1. Persistently monitor vessels and craft in the global maritime
environment
2. Persistently monitor cargo in the global maritime environment
What
3. Persistently monitor people and organizations in the global
maritime environment
4. Persistently monitor all identified areas of interest in the global
maritime environment
5. Access and maintain data on vessels, facilities and
infrastructure in the global maritime environment all of the time
6. Collect, analyze, and disseminate information on the global
maritime environment to decision makers to facilitate effective
understanding
7. Access, develop and maintain data on Coast Guard MDA
related mission performance in the global maritime
environment
The “HOW”: Requirement Solutions
Where
When
What We
Will Do
With It
Measure
of
Success
US Coast Guard MDA Initiatives
Field Intelligence Support
Teams (FIST)
COLLECT
Short Range Tracking
Nationwide Automatic Identification Sys (AIS)
Accelerated AIS Projects
Deepwater
Rescue 21
Long Range Tracking
IMO Long Range Identification & Tracking Proposal
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)
High Freq Surface Wave Radar (HFSWR)
Over the Horizon Radar
High Altitude Airships
Space based AIS
Port and Coastal Sensors (VIS, Hawkeye)
Maritime Intel Fusion Centers (2)
ANALYZE
Atlantic Area - Pacific Area
Operations Centers
Deepwater
DISSEMINATE
Rescue 21
Charleston Harbor Ops Center (CHOC)
Command 2010
USN/USCG Joint Command Centers (SCC-J)
M-HSOPS Deliberate Planning Sys
Intelligence Coordination
Center (ICC)
Common Operational Picture
Weather, Navigation Charts
Vessel Tracking
Marine Info for Safety & Law Enf. (MISLE)
Port Security Assessments
Port Threat Assessments
Deepwater
Unclassified COP
Common Operational Picture Features
Tracks
- AIS, Mobile assets, Satellites, GMDSS, manual entries, blue
forces, VTS, VMS
Data
- MISLE, JMIE, SANS, weather, vulnerability assessments
Intelligence
- VOI, Anomaly detection, Assessments
Geographic Information System
- Chart and Map data
Collaboration & Decision Making Tools
- M-HSOPS, JRIES, ASOCC
Notional USCG MDA Enterprise Architecture
Long Range
Sensors
.
Centralized
Reports
Commercial
Tracking
Surveillance &
Reconnaissance
Resources
HUMINT
Deepwater
Long Range
Mobile Units
DoD
Intel Centers
Data/Track
Fusion Center
DHS
USCG Headquarters
Command Center
TSA
Common
Operational
Picture
Static Ship Data
(name, photo, etc)
Data
Sources
Historical
Track Data
Intelligence
Data
USCG District
Command Center
USCG Sector
Command Center
Project Sea View
Nationwide AIS
USCG Area
Command Center
Sensors
Command 2010
HUMINT
DoJ
DHS
Region
Local Port
Partners
USCG AIS Initiatives
Nation-wide AIS
Vessel traffic services
NOAA National Data Buoy Center Project
Interim capabilities in Alaska, Hawaii, and Gulf of
Mexico
Airships/UAVs
Commercial
Satellite based AIS
Current US AIS Capability
VTSPWS
Alaska
SPAIS
VTSPS
VTSSMR
St. Lawrence
Seaway
R&DCen
R&DCen
VTSSF
VTSNY
R&DCen
VTSLA-LB
VTSHG
R&DCen
SCC-J
Norfolk
VTSLMR
SCC
Charleston
SCC-J
San Diego
D8
Offshore
Platforms
R&DCen
National Maritime Domain Awareness
Interagency Policy Action Working Group
• National Security/Homeland Security Presidential Directive
- Develop a national plan to improve MDA
- Develop an enterprise architecture for shared situational
awareness
- Develop an outreach strategy to engage federal, state, local,
industry and international partners
- Coordinate other existing related maritime security work
groups
- Identify agency MDA capabilities, redundancies, and gaps
- Establish program requirements and recommend/assign
resource responsibilities for participating agencies
MDA for North America
Canada
• Interagency Maritime Security Work Group
• Participates in IPAWG workgroups
• NORAD/NORTHCOM/Bi-National Planning Group
• Integrated Puget Sound vessel traffic systems
Mexico
- MX Commission for Security at Sea
• USCG has offered to share AIS
• Seeking protection of AIS channels for LRIT
Caribbean
- Joint Interagency Task Force South
• Enduring Friendship
• Research and Development
Pacific Region MDA
Regional Forums
•North Pacific Heads of Coast Guard Agencies
•Asia Pacific Heads of Maritime Safety Agencies
•ASEAN Regional Forum
US Pacific Command
•Regional Maritime Security Initiative
•Advanced Concept Technology Deployment for the Straits of
Malacca
International Maritime Organization
•Marine Electronic Highway
Potential Areas of Info Sharing
-Vessel tracks
-Vessel data
-Cargo
-Crew/passengers
-Fisheries
-Migrants
-Counter-narcotics
-Counter-terrorism/piracy
-Environmental protection
Tenets for Global MDA
• Seek regional solutions
• Find common ground with global partners
• Encourage regional solutions elsewhere
• Network regional maritime security initiatives and
efforts to attain global awareness
• Begin with AIS
• Promote transparency
MDA involves a long term effort to evolve relationships
and trust among diverse maritime interests and
stakeholders
In summary
• The concept of MDA builds a broad perspective by sharing knowledge
between all maritime interests.
• Better awareness leads to better decisions and enhanced global
maritime security
• The centerpiece of MDA is a shared common operational picture for
decision makers, operators and responders
• Geographically oriented regional solutions combine maritime
information from military, law enforcement, regulatory, & industry
sources for region-wide awareness
• Global awareness is attained by networking regional information
• Promotes global economic security through shared and partnered
maritime domain awareness