THE 1960S
By: Dharti Ukani, Alysa Richards, Ian Solomon, Lenny
Murgi, Luke Stork
TARGET: Explain the roots of the civil rights movement: Brown vs.
Board of Education, Little Rock Nine, Montgomery Bus Boycott
(Question 1)
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Plessy vs. Ferguson: a lawsuit brought in 1896 after African
American Homer Plessy was denied a seat in a first-class
railway
Plessy vs. Ferguson relates directly to Brown vs. Board of
Education because Plessy vs. Ferguson was overturned by
Brown vs. Board of Education (Question 3)
NAACP had long waged a campaign against segregation in
educational facilities
Plessy vs. Ferguson had established the legality of separate
but equal schools
NAACP had succeeded in opening some all-white schools,
however, the Court continued to maintain that segregation in
and of itself was legal
TARGET: Explain the roots of the civil rights movement: Brown vs.
Board of Education, Little Rock Nine, Montgomery Bus Boycott
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In 1952, a group of legal challenges to segregation in
public schools came before the supreme court in the form of
Brown vs. Board of Education
Main case involved Linda Brown, an African American from
Topeka, Kansas
Segregation in Topeka’s schools prevented her from
attending on all-white elementary schools close to home
Had to travel a long dangerous route to school
NAACP lawyer, Thurgood Marshall argued on Brown’s
behalf
Unanimous vote declared racial segregation illegal in public
schools (Question 2)
TARGET: Explain the roots of the civil rights movement: Brown vs.
Board of Education, Little Rock Nine, Montgomery Bus Boycott
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School desegregation in Arkansas was progressing with relatively little
opposition.
2/3 of the southern school districts that began desegregating were in Arkansas.
Little Rock school board was the first in the south to announce that it would
comply with the Brown Decision
Desegregation plan was set to being in September 1957 with the admission of 9
black students to an all white Central High School
Governor Orval Faubus spoke out against the desegregation plan and ordered
the Arkansas National Guard to surround the school the night before
Members of the Arkansas Nation Guard prevented the Little Rock Nine from
entering the school for 3 weeks
Eventually, the Court ordered Faubus to remove guards, and when the nine
finally entered, white mobs rioted
Eisenhower ordered some 1,000 troops to Little Rock, and they finally entered
after
TARGET: Explain the roots of the civil rights movement: Brown vs.
Board of Education, Little Rock Nine, Montgomery Bus Boycott
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December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, an African American,
provided the NAACP with an opportunity to challenge
the practice of forcing African American citizens to ride
in the back of city buses
Parks refused to give up her bus seat to a white
passenger and was arrested
Park’s arrest for refusing to give up her seat led to her
conviction for violating the city’s segregation laws
In protest, many of Montgomery’s African Americans
organized a boycott against the bus system
TARGET: Explain the roots of the civil rights movement: Brown vs.
Board of Education, Little Rock Nine, Montgomery Bus Boycott
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The Montgomery Improvement Association, a group of
local civil rights leaders, persuaded the community to
continue to continue the boycott while the NAACP and
Parks appealed her conviction
The MIA chose Martin Luther King, Jr. as its
spokesperson, and he inspired large audiences as the
boycott dragged on for months
Angry white mobs attacked and beat boycotters
King studied the nonviolent tactics of Gandhi and urged
the African Americans to not respond with violence
TARGET: Explain the roots of the civil rights movement: Brown vs.
Board of Education, Little Rock Nine, Montgomery Bus Boycott
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The nonviolent protest finally worked
November 1956, the Supreme Court
declared the Montgomery and
Alabama segregation laws
unconstitutional
By the end of the year, Montgomery
has a integrated bus system, and the
civil rights movement had a new
leader—MLK
Victory marked a blow to racial
discrimination
http://www.neok12.com/quiz/CIVRIG02
TARGET: Explain the difficulties JFK faced in
getting civil rights legislation passed
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Kennedy faced a great amount of trouble in getting the civil rights
legislation passed
Many events in Birmingham, such as protests forced President
Kennedy to take a stand on civil rights
Most of his aides feared that taking a stand would split the
Democratic Party and ruin his chances for re-election in 1964
1963—Kennedy asked Congress “to enact legislation giving all
Americans the right to be served in facilities which are open to the
public.”
The Southern Democrats and Conservative Republicans of came
together and opposed Kennedy’s agenda
They were successful in preventing the legislation from being passed
In addition, much of the country was divided in their support of the
legislation
TARGET: Summarize the major
accomplishments of LBJ’s Great Society
LBJ is President Lyndon B. Johnson and he had
domestic policies
that became known
as his “Great Society”
plan.
 This plan consisted of
making America into a
better society.
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TARGET: Summarize the major
accomplishments of LBJ’s Great Society
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In his first State of the Union message he: Called for
a war on poverty in the country, wanted to have a
nation that had overcome racial divisions, and
called for the creation of a Great Society.
Long lasting accomplishments were major
contributions that were significant to the protection
of civil rights and the expansion of social programs
to help the country (like the Jobs Corporation,
Medicare, and Medicaid.)
Target: Explain both the positive and negative
social and cultural changes of the 1960’s.
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Positive:
Culture began to diversify
Minorities such as African Americans, women, and
gays fought for equality
Dr. Martin gave his “I Have a Dream” speech
This brought the publics attention to the civil rights
movement
Target: Explain both the positive and negative
social and cultural changes of the 1960’s.
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Negative:
Urban violence due to racism increased
During African American rights protests blacks were
assaulted and riots broke out
This turned the protests violent
Womens’ rights timeline
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1960 The Food and Drug Administration approves birth control pills.
1960 Women now earn only 60 cents for every dollar earned by men, a decline since 1955.
Women of color earn only 42 cents.
1963 The Equal Pay Act, proposed twenty years earlier, establishes equal pay for men and
women performing the same job duties. It does not cover domestics, agricultural workers,
executives, administrators or professionals.
1964 Title VII of the Civil Rights Act bars employment discrimination by private employers,
employment agencies, and unions based on race, sex, and other grounds. To investigate
complaints and enforce penalties, it establishes the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
(EEOC), which receives 50,000 complaints of gender discrimination in its first five years.
1966 In response to EEOC inaction on employment discrimination complaints, twenty-eight
women found the National Organization for Women to function as a civil rights organization
for women.
1968 New York Radical Women garner media attention to the women's movement when they
protest the Miss America Pageant in Atlantic City.
1968 The first national women's liberation conference is held in Chicago.
1968 The National Abortion Rights Action League (NARAL) is founded.
1968 Shirley Chisholm (D-NY) is first Black woman elected to the US Congress.
Target: Explain the domestic and foreign challenges
facing the U.S. at the start of the 1960’s.
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Starting in the 1960’s the beginning of the womans rights
movements resurged forward
The last major hurdle that had been overcome was the passage
of the 19th amendment
Civil Rights protests spurred women of 1960’s to push equal
rights for women
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In 1961 50,000 housewives began to protest
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Main influential resources was commission on the status of
women, founded by Eleanor Roosevelt
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She had a meeting with pres. JFK
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Convinced him of the need for equality for women
Target: Explain the domestic and foreign challenges
facing the U.S. at the start of the 1960’s.
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Womens’ Liberations group mostly made up of female
students
Focused on personal experiences in discrimination
Their main focus: equality between men and women in
employment, education and everything else
Civil Rights act of 1964 was signed into law
Written to protect the rights of all minorities
It protected: freedom of choice to vote, apply for
employment, use of hotels, and all public places
Vietnam War 1965 – 1975
Target: Evaluate President Kennedy’s motivations for
increasing involvement in Vietnam
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The Vietnam war was a Cold War military conflict
in Vietnam.
When the North Vietnam invaded the South
Vietnam for a communist take over, the U.S. and
other nations stepped in and fought against the
North and its communist allies.
Vietnam War Cont.
Target: Evaluate President Kennedy’s motivations for
increasing involvement in Vietnam
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JFK wanted to contain communism from spreading.
He felt if Vietnam fell the rest of Asia would fall to.
Also a failure in Vietnam would lead to a lost in
allies.
Later the war, President Lyndon Johnson passed The
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. This bill gave President
Lyndon Johnson a the ability to use anything at his
power to win the war.
America later left the war in 1973 and war itself
ended in 1975
TARGET: Explain the Gulf of Tonkin incident and its significance to American
foreign policy? How did LBJ respond to the incident? What considerations,
domestic and international, contributed to his course of action?
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In August of 1964, what became know as the Gulf
of Tonkin incident occurred
It was thought by the public and by Congress that
two American ships in water near Vietnam were
attacked.
In defense to this President Lyndon B. Johnson
used the "unprovoked attacks" that weren't really
true, to urge America to expand the war efforts.
He got whatever means he thought were
necessary to win the war after Congress passed
the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
LBJ was happy about expanding the war efforts.
TARGET: What was LBJ’s strategy for the war in
Vietnam? Why wasn’t this strategy successful?
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President Lyndon B. Johnson's strategy for the war in
Vietnam was to overwhelm with lots of air forces and take
down quickly.
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The plan was to take down the transportation passageways
that Vietnam was using for war supplies so obviously their
forces couldn't be supplied with the things they needed any
longer.
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The fighting that was actually going well for the US but it was
the plan of taking down the transportation that didn't go well.
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Vietnam quickly repaired any damage causing the plan to fail.
Historical People of the 1960’s
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Martin Luther King- led protests and spoke
out for Africa American Rights throughout the
1960’s
In 1963 Martin Luther King gave his famous “I
Have a dream” speech on the steps of the
Lincoln memorial
It is estimated about 250,000 people were in
attendance
King was killed on April 7, 1968
Martin Luther King day is celebrated on the
third Monday in January each year
Historical people of the 1960’s
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John F. Kennedy- elected president of the United
States in 1961
During Kennedy's term he started the trade
embargo with Cuba
Also the first manned American space flight took
place
In 1963 President Kennedy was assassinated in
Dallas, Texas, by Lee Harvey Oswald
Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in as the thirty-sixth
President of the United States
Historical Events of the 1960’s
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Civil Rights Act of 1964guarantees equal voting rights for
all citizens regardless of race color
religion, or national origin
It also prohibited segregation and
called for the desegregation of all
public schools
Bans discrimination, including sex,
by employers ad schools
Historical Events of the 1960’s
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Bay of pigs invasion- an unsuccessful attempt by
the United States to over throw Fidel Castro as the
dictator of Cuba
The plan had been created by Eisenhower, then
improved and attempted by Kennedy
American troops landed in the Bay of Pigs and
invaded the southern coast of Cuba
After the first hours of fighting the invasion was
stopped by Castro's Army
Map of Cuba
Historic Events and people: space race
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Oct 1957, Soviet Union launched first Satellite
(Sputnik)
Russians wanted to make sure people could hear
and see it
The reaction of the U.S. was astonished and had
some fear
U.S. first attempts to catch up ended in explosion
NASA was created to bring competing military
space programs
Soon developed rockets, space capsules, satellites,
Music
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The Beatles
 The
Beatles were around in Europe for a few years but not
know in America. When they were coming to appear on the
Ed Sulivian Show, thousand of posters for the Beatles coming
to America were everywhere.
 When
the Beatles stepped of the plane they were greeted
with thousands of fans
Beatles Cont.
 The
Beatles after coming to America, and being on the Ed
Sulivian, The Beatles released the album Rubber Soul and
shortly after released the movie Help (which was a comedy
staring the band).
 They
toured in 1966 and drew some of the hugest crowds of
all time to their show. (The crowds were so huge and loud the
band couldn’t even hear themselves on stage.)
Beatles Cont.
 Sick
of the life on the road, The Beatles permanently quit
touring and worked only on studio albums.
 Not having to tour the album the band experimented with
their music and used new and old tech to farther develop
their music. (Sgt. Pepper, Yellow submarine, The White
Album)
 Abbey
road was their final album under their producer and
it was the album where all of the bands final ideas for the
band where released.
Beatles Cont.
 The
final album Let it Be was test by the Beatles themselves
to see how they developed as band over the year they
were a band.
 The Beatles did their final show on the roof of their studio
abbey road and ended with their song “Get Back”.
British Invasion
The Beatles were the leaders of a movement in American
rock world called the “British Invasion”
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The Rolling Stone
 If
the Beatles were the “good boys” of the British Invasion
the Rolling stones were the the bad boys
 The Rolling Stones hit the American charts with “I Can’t Get
No Satisfaction” with other hits of the decade being “Honky
Tonk
Woman “ “Paint It Black”
and “Gimmie Shelter”
British Invasion Cont.
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The Dave Clark Five
 The
second band on Ed sulivian show after Beatles
 Their # 1 hit in America was “Glad All Over”
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Animals
 Their
# 1 hit in America was “House of the Rising Sun”
 After the band broke up the drummer went on to be the
drummer for Jimmie Hendrix
British Invasion Cont.
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Kinks
 They
hit the charts with their songs “You Really Got Me” and
“Lola”
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The Who
 During
the British Invasion the Who was already popular in
Britain hit the American charts with “I Can’t Explain” then
later “I Can See for Miles”
 At the end of the decade the band release the rock opera
which made them world famous “Tommy”.
British Invasion Cont.
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Yard Birds
 The
Yard Birds hit the charts with their song “For your Love”
 The Yard Birds had many guitarist come through the band
including Jimmy Page (Led Zeppelin), Jeff Beck(Solo Work)
and Eric Clapton(Cream)
 After The Yard Birds broke up, Jimmy Page reformed the
band and called it The New Yard Birds, in which later the
band was called Led Zeppelin
Other Music of the Time
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Eric Clapton
 After
being with the Yard Birds, he created the band Cream
and wrote the #1 hits “Sunshine of your Love” and
“Crossroads”
 He later went solo near the end of the 60’s
Jimmie Hendrix
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Jimmie Hendrix
 He
was with the band Isley Brothers and their only hit was
“Testify”
 When he went solo and created “The Jimmie Hendrix
Experience” (with the Animals drummer) their first #1 hit was
“Hey Joe” with the song that pushed
the band into infamy “Purple Haze”
at the end of the 60’s.
Woodstock
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Woodstock was a three day concert event that up
to .5 million people attended.
The Legendary Line Up was The who, Hendrix,
Santana, Grateful Dead ,Creedence Clear Water
Revival, Janis Joplin and dozens other.
TV and Movies
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Ed Sulivian Show 1949-1971
 It
was a variety show that exposing the American
people to many artist.
 Some of the guest included
 Elvis
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– 60 million views
Was shot from the waist up due to Elvis’s suggestive motions
Ed Sulivian Show Cont.
 The
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 The
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Beatles – 73 million views
The Beatles (for bottom dollar pay but top billing and top spot
for opening and closing the show
Muppets – Reacquiring act
Appeared on the show many times
First appearance of Kermit
TV Cont.
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The Addams Family 1964 - 1966
Were a satirical version of the ideal American family as
they were a wealthy, eccentric family who are unaware that
people find them bizarre or freighting
 Shot in black and white on purpose
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Flintstones 1960 – 1966
Was a show about a working
class Stone Age man’s life with
his family
 The shows popularity rested heavily
on its juxtaposition of modern concerns
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TV Cont.
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Batman 1966-1968
 The
show followed the adventures of Batman and his
sidekick Robin.
 The show was noteworthy for its use of onomatopoeia
during the climatic fight scenes.
 The show proved popular
turning Batman into a modern
pop culture icon.
TV Cont.
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Batman 1966-1968
 The
show followed the adventures of Batman and his
sidekick Robin.
 The show was noteworthy for its use of onomatopoeia
during the climatic fight scenes.
 The show proved popular
turning Batman into a modern
pop culture icon.
Movies Cont.
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Star Trek 1966 – 1969
The series was a sci-fi show and series of movies that took
place in the future and the show, showed and predicted
many technologies.
 In the show we followed the
five year mission of the star
ship Enterprise on its mission to
explore new worlds and to see
out life and new civilizations.
 The interest of the American
people in the show grew due the
new advances in technology of the time.
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INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES
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The 1960s were the beginning of “The Information
Age” which means great accomplishments were
being made that revolutionized electronics.
In the Sixties, people became more comfortable
with the idea of automated machines.
This era would start the basic inventions for making
Americans lives easier.
INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES:
THE HEART TRANSPLANT
1967- Many surgeons in medical
centers were on the verge of
performing the first ever transplant
 First heart transplant took place
in a hospital in Capetown, South
Africa on December 2, 1967
 Doctor Christiaan Barnard performed
the first ever heart transplant on patient,
Louis Washkansky
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THE IMPACT OF THE FIRST HEART
TRANSPLANT
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Expected that the first transplant would take place
in a major American cardiac center where decades
of research and preparation had occurred
Dr. Barnard used knowledge and skill as most
importantly COURAGE to perform the operation
The successful transplant raised the the courage of
others and freed millions of doctors’ hesitancy
As a result, 5 other transplants took place in the
next two months, and 170 in the next three years
INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES:
THE FIRST ARTIFICIAL HEART
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To facilitate the process of
heart transplantation, there
were many efforts during the
1960s to develop an artificial
heart
For temporary use in bridging
the time gap between a
patient's need and the
availability of a donor or as
an assisting device for people
whose hearts are not fully
functional
INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES:
THE FIRST ARTIFICIAL HEART
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The patient: 47-year-old Haskell Karp who was dying of
heart failure and awaiting a heart transplant
Artificial device was implanted on April 4, 1969, and kept
him alive for 3 days until a human heart was available for
transplant
The artificial heart was about the size of a real heart and
made of Silastic, a silicone plastic, had Dacron cuffs to
attach to the blood vessels, and an external pump the size
of a refrigerator was the power source, attached by hoses
through the chest wall
Unfortunately, he lived less than two days after the human
INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES:
EARTH SCIENCES
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During the 1960s, important discoveries in Earth
Sciences were made.
Americans now had means to tap into the Earth and
use it’s heat to produce less expensive electricity.
Global Warming (The Greenhouse Effect) was
discovered.
The earliest known amino acids remains’ were
found.
Biology Advances
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Building off of what was discovered in the fifties,
scientists did work in Biology labs.
The genetic code was cracked, and scientists
succeeded in synthesizing active DNA in the lab.
INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES:
DESKTOP COMPUTERS
The first desktop computer was invented.
Before it, computers took up whole rooms and
whole years to learn how to work.
 Now average Americans could
learn to incorporate computers
into their everyday lives.
 More Businesses could start using computers to
manage things easier, but it would be a while
until the computers became a nationwide thing.
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INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES:
DESKTOP COMPUTERS
There was almost a new “language” invented
for computers in the sixties.
 This language was far simpler and easier to
get fluent in than the one used for computers
before.
 Computers also became a lot less expensive
with the newer smaller versions.
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INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES:
THE AUTO TELLER MACHINE
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By the end of the 1960s, however, times were changing
A broader segment of the population--more
comfortable with the idea of self-service and more
willing to trust unfamiliar technologies--was willing to
give automated banking a try.
1967--John Shepherd-Barron had the idea of
dispensing cash from the machine
Barclays, a London bank installed in a branch on Enfield
High Street
Unlike modern ATMs, Shepherd-Barron’s did not use
plastic cards. Used paper vouchers printed with
radioactive ink so that the machine could read them. The
customer entered an identification code and took the
cash
By 1970, dozens of U.S. banks had jumped on the ATM
bandwagon.
THE FASHIONS AND FADS
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1960s—decade where it was a
great time to be young
Youthful culture and fashion had
begun to take shape in the 1950s
blossomed as never before
During the 1960s, the neat and
tailored look of the 1950s
remained popular
Very influential fashion figure:
Jacqueline Kennedy
The General Fashion
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Women: generally favored shirtwaist dresses and
blouses with coordinated dirndl skirts and older
women replaced the skirt with trousers; favorite
hairstyles were puffy styles such as the bouffant
Men: favored loose fitting trousers and short sleeve,
button-front shirts in white or light colors; generally
wore their hair in a crew cut called the flattop or
short and neatly trimmed with a side part
Changing Fashions
Fashions of the 1950s played in during the
early 1960s. But towards the mid Sixties,
fashion took a big turnaround.
 Some of the biggest changes in Fashion
occurred during the 60s.
 Accessories, materials, and individuality
majorly influenced the fashion even into the
seventies.
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The Fashion Takes a Turn
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Social and political issues began to
surface, and found expression in
people’s clothing
Change came about in the women
because of the British-based youth
revolution which redefined the idea of
feminine beauty emphasizing youth
and sex appeal; Example: British
fashion model, Twiggy
Popularized items were miniskirts, gogo boots, and body stockings
The Fashion Takes a Turn: Continued
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Greatest change in men’s fashion
was the adoption of fabrics with
bold designs and bright color
Became described as the
“peacock revolution” because of
the bursting forth of colors
Chain necklaces also became
fashionable
Bouffant Hairstyles
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For a large portion of the 1960’s, big hair was in--it seemed
the higher the hair, the happier the woman.
The bouffant hairstyle was made popular in large part
thanks to Jackie Kennedy. The hairstyle caught on and swept
through Hollywood with women all over the world quickly
catching on to this hairstyle fad.
The bouffant was thought to be ideal because it always
looked glamorous and became tantamount with elegant
evening and glamorous events.
Seemed to be the perfect hairstyle to accompany formal
gowns mini dresses and in fact, called attention to a woman
no matter what she was wearing.
Reached its peak by the mid 1960’s and it seemed a large
amount of women were clamoring to sport this style.
Nehru Jacket
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The jacket originated in India in the 1940's, but
became popularized in the 1960's when the
Beatles wore them for their Shea Stadium
concert in 1965.
This style was inspired by a jacket traditionally
worn by and named after a prime minister of
India.
Became popular among hippies because of
their interest in other cultures and religions and
how they influenced types of dress.
The jacket itself had a band collar, was singlebreasted and worn in two lengths: either
slightly below the knee or several inches below
the waist.
Skirts and Hemlines
Well into the mid sixties, most skirts women wore
were long and modest.
 But in 1965, the invention of the
miniskirt came out and skirts got
tighter and shorter.
 Many of these short skirts
were worn with leggings or
tights, however some weren’t.
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Blue jeans
The “Unisex” look also became
popular during the sixties.
 Blue jeans and a simple T-shirt
was in style for both guys and girls.
 This look definitely carried over
into the next century, though in
the seventies women made the
look more feminine with accessories.
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Skateboards
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In the early 1960's companies began to massproduce the first true surfing-inspired skateboards
Skateboarding became very popular almost
overnight, and companies were fighting to keep up
with demand.
Was fun and carefree, and a pastime
Over fifty million skateboards were sold within a
three year period, and the first skateboard contest
was held in Hermosa Beach, CA in 1963.
Then in 1965 safety experts pronounced
skateboarding unsafe - urging stores not to sell
them, and parents not to buy them.
The skateboarding fad died as quickly as it had
started, and the sport entered its first slump.
GI Joes
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G.I. Joe was an attempt by the Hasbro Toy Company to recreate the Barbie
phenomenon with boys.
Popular belief at the time was that boys didn't play with dolls, so Hasbro
coined a new term to describe G.I. Joe as an action figure.
1963--Hasbro began development on a military-themed line of dolls that
could be accessorized with different outfits and equipment.
1964--Hasbro released 4 different G.I. Joe models, one for each branch of
the US military.
The figure was 11 1/2 inches tall. The neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists, waist,
hips, knees and ankles all moved, so Joe could assume all kinds of dynamic
poses, and the hands were designed so that Joe could actually hold his
accessories.
G.I. Joe had been an incredible success story for Hasbro, but by 1968 the
story seemed to be coming to an end.
Americans were war-weary--heightened concern over the effects of violent
toys and television programming on children.
Sales were declining
Sports 1960’s
Muhammad Ali: Early Life
• Considered a cultural icon
• His original name was Cassius Clay
• Had bike stolen at young age wanted
to beat up thief, trained with Cop
• Worked with police officer and soon
began his career
• In 1956 he won Golden Gloves champ
• 3 years later he won Golden Gloves
tournament of Champs
Sports 1960’s
Muhammad Ali: Olympic Gold
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1960’s he got a spot on the
Olympic Boxing team
Known for powerful jab and
footwork
Won 1st three fights in Olympics
In championship he defeated
Zbigniew Pietrzkowski from
Poland to win Gold
After Olympics Ali turned
professional
Sports 1960’s
Muhammad Ali
Won most of his bouts, most of them
knockouts
 Knocked out Sonny Litson to become
heavyweight champ of world
 Known for boasting about his skills
before a fight
 Told reporters he could, “float like a
butterfly sting like a bee.”
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Sports 1960’s
Muhammad Ali: Conversion to Islam
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First called himself Cassius X But then chose
Muhammad Ali
Refused to acknowledge military service
Said was practicing Muslim Minister, religious beliefs
kept him from fighting
U.S department of Justice held case denying his
claim for conscience
Found guilty of refusing to be inducted into military
Boxing assoc. took away title and suspended him
from sport for 3 and a half years
Sports 1960’s
Muhammad Ali: Boxing comeback
Returned to ring in 1970
 Won first fight
 Ali took on Joe Frazier called the “Fight
of The Century”
 Went 15 rounds
 Ali knocked Frazier out the later had a
rematch and Ali won again
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Sports in the 1960’s
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Joe Namath- New York Jets
quarterback from 19651976
Won super bowl III (1969)
His number (12) was
retired by the Jets
Sports in the 1960’s
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Roberto Clemente- Puerto Rican
baseball player who played right
field for the Pittsburgh pirates for
18 years
Involved in many charity work with
Puerto rice and other Latin
American countries
Won The World Series in 1960
and 1971
1960s Video
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http://www.history.com/videos/tom-brokawremembers-the-1960s#tom-brokaw-remembersthe-1960s