OBJECTIVES
After studying Chapter 5, the reader should be able to:
1. Explain how power can be transferred through a
planetary gearset to produce the various ratios.
2. Identify the major components of simple,
compound, and complex planetary gearsets.
3. Explain the role of the driving and reaction
members in producing the different power flows.
4. Identify the basic gear train arrangements used in
automatic transmissions.
5. Trace the power flow through various planetary
gear trains.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RULES OF POWER TRANSFER
• The gearset in an
automatic transmission
must provide a neutral, one
or more gear reductions, a
1:1 or directdrive ratio, a
reverse, and an overdrive.
– Some manufacturers are
currently using five-, six-,
seven, and even eight-speed
transmissions.
FIGURE 5-1 A simple planetary gearset consists of a
sun gear, ring gear, planet carrier, plus a group of
planet pinion gears. To produce a power flow, one part
is the input, one part is held in reaction, and one part
becomes the output.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RULES OF POWER TRANSFER
FIGURE 5-2 A Simpson gear train transmission. Note that the two gearsets
(front and rear) use the same sun gear. Also note that one carrier and the sun
gear can be the reaction members. The sun gear and one ring gear can be
input members, and the other carrier and ring gear can be output members.
(Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RULES OF POWER TRANSFER
FIGURE 5-3 A Ravigneaux gearset has two sun gears (one
small [sun gear 1] and one large [sun gear 2]), one carrier
with a set of short pinions (planet pinions 1) and a set of long
pinions (planet pinions 2), and a single ring gear. (Courtesy of
Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RULES OF POWER TRANSFER
TABLE 5-1 Planetary rules
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RULES OF POWER TRANSFER
• Planetary Gear Ratios
– A simple planetary gearset
can produce seven different
gear ratios, plus neutral.
– Changing the gear ratios is
done by changing the input
(driving) and the reaction
(held) member.
FIGURE 5-4 The gear ratio through a planetary gearset
depends on which part is driven, which part is held, and
which part is the output. The formula used to calculate
the ratio is included with each illustration. Each gear set
uses a 40-tooth sun gear and a 76-tooth ring gear.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RULES OF POWER TRANSFER
FIGURE 5-5 When a transmission or transaxle is viewed from the engine end,
the rotation of the torque converter and input shaft is in a clockwise direction. If
the gearset is driven by a chain and sprockets, the rotation is counterclockwise.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
TRANSAXLES
• The following descriptions of transmission power
flows also apply to transaxles.
– Most features of a transaxle are the same as those of a
transmission; in the following discussions, we will treat
them as the same and only refer specifically to a
transmission or a transaxle when necessary.
– With the exception of CVTs that use an electromagnetic
clutch, all automatic transmissions have the torque
converter mounted on the input shaft at the front of the
transmission.
– RWD transmissions have a single output shaft that
connects to either the drive shaft of 2WD vehicles or
transfer case for 4WD vehicles.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
TRANSAXLES
FIGURE 5-6 This transaxle has a drive shaft for each front wheel. To
reduce torque steer, the top unit has equal-length shafts; note the two-part
right drive shaft. The lower unit uses a larger tubular shaft on the right side.
(Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
TRANSAXLES
FIGURE 5-7 This transaxle uses a drive
chain and two sprockets to transfer torque
from the torque converter at the left to the
gear train. (Courtesy of BorgWarner, Morse
TEC)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
TRANSAXLES
FIGURE 5-8 This transaxle uses a pair of transfer gears to transfer
torque to the transfer shaft and final drive gears. (Courtesy of Chrysler
Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
TRANSAXLES
FIGURE 5-9 A CD4E transaxle uses a chain (3201) to transfer torque from the
planetary gearset (3562) to the final drive (4031) and differential (4541). (Courtesy of
Aceomatic Recon)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PARK
• Every automatic
transmission and transaxle
includes a park range.
• A shift into park prevents
the transmission’s output
shaft from turning, holding
the vehicle stationary.
• The parking gear has
gearlike teeth and is
mounted on the output
member of the
transmission.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
FIGURE 5-10 The park gear can be built into one of the planetary
output members like this output ring gear (a) or as a separate
member attached to the transmission output shaft (b). Note that B
also supports the governor. (a is courtesy of Slauson Transmission
Parts, www.slauson.com; b is courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
PARK
FIGURE 5-11 When the control rod is moved, the locking
cam pushes the pawl into engagement with the parking
gear. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
TRANSMISSION SCHEMATICS
• Transmission parts and operation are often
illustrated using pictures and cutaway drawings.
• They show the bare essentials of the transmission
gear train in the simplest way possible.
• When you look at the typical cutaway view of a gear
train, the transmission is usually split lengthwise
through the middle.
• This shows the relationship of the parts, but in many
cases, it is difficult to tell where one part stops and
another begins, making it difficult to trace the path
of the power flow.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
TRANSMISSION SCHEMATICS
• An easier way to view transmission operation is by using
schematics.
• Transmission schematics resemble stick drawings.
FIGURE 5-12 The Type 1 gearset is a three-speed
Simpson gear train that uses bands to hold the sun gear
and reaction carrier. Note that the reaction carrier can also
be held by a one-way clutch.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
TRANSMISSION SCHEMATICS
FIGURE 5-13 Common symbols used in the transmission schematics to illustrate
the various parts.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
• The Simpson gear train is a compound gearset commonly
used in many three-speed transmission/transaxles.
• Most of the automatic transmissions used in domestic
vehicles during the 1960s and 1970s used this gear train.
• The better known Simpson gear train transmissions are:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Aisin-Warner:
Chrysler Corporation:
Ford Motor Company:
General Motors:
JATCO:
Toyota
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-14 These gear train types are all
Simpson three-speed units that use different
apply devices or, in the Type 4,a different
gearset arrangement.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-15 The one-way clutch of this Type 1 gearset serves as the reaction
member in Drive 1.The low-reverse band is applied in manual 1 to allow
compression braking.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-16 If both the high-reverse
and forward clutches are released, then
the transmission is in neutral. Note that
the sun gear can be of two different
sizes.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
TABLE 5-3 Simpson gear train summary
TABLE 5-2 Planetary gear actions
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
•
•
•
•
•
Neutral
First Gear
Second Gear
Third Gear
Reverse
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-17 In drive-1, the front ring gear is driven while the rear carrier is held by the one-way
clutch (a). A reverse reduction occurs in both the front unit (b) and the rear unit (c).
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-17 (CONTINUED) In drive-1, the
front ring gear is driven while the rear
carrier is held by the one-way clutch (a). A
reverse reduction occurs in both the front
unit (b) and the rear unit (c).
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-18 The intermediate clutch and intermediate roller
clutch hold the sun gear from rotating in second gear in the
THM 350, Type 3 gearset. The intermediate overrun band is
used in manual-2 for compression braking. (Reprinted with
permission of General Motors)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-19 In second gear, the ring gear is driven while the sun gear is held, the planet gears
walk around the sun gear and force the carrier to revolve at a reduced speed.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-20 In third gear, both driving
clutches are applied so two members (the
ring and sun gears) of the same gearset are
driven. This locks the gears and produces a
1:1 gear ratio.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
FIGURE 5-21 In reverse, the sun gear is driven while the carrier is held. The planet gears act as idlers
and cause the ring gear to revolve in a reverse direction at a reduced speed.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
TABLE 5-4 Simpson gear train band and clutch application, type 1
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN TRANSMISSIONS
TABLE 5-5 Simpson gear train band and clutch application, type 3
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SHIFT TIMING
• As a vehicle accelerates
from a stop to cruising
speed, the driving and
reaction members have to
apply and release in an
exact operating sequence.
• When they apply, they must
come on at a precise rate.
FIGURE 5-22 The full-throttle shift sequence for a
Type 1 transmission showing the apply devices and
the output shaft speed at the 1–2 and 2–3 upshifts.
Reverse is also shown.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN PLUS AN ADDITIONAL
GEARSET
• The Simpson gear train with an additional simple
planetary gearset is used to produce a four-speed
overdrive transmission or transaxle.
• Overdrive
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN PLUS AN ADDITIONAL
GEARSET
FIGURE 5-23 This A340E transmission sectional view shows the overdrive section
between the pump and three-speed planetary gear section. (Courtesy of Toyota
Motor Sales USA, Inc.)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN PLUS AN ADDITIONAL
GEARSET
FIGURE 5-24 This Chrysler 42RH transmission cutaway view shows a threespeed, Simpson Type 1 gearset with an overdrive unit at the output end of the
transmission. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN PLUS AN ADDITIONAL
GEARSET
FIGURE 5-25 An exploded view of the A340E overdrive unit. The O/D one-way clutch
provides a 1:1 ratio in D1, D2, and D3.The O/D direct clutch is used in manual gear
ranges.The O/D brake pack is applied in D4. (Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales USA,
Inc.)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN PLUS AN ADDITIONAL
GEARSET
FIGURE 5-26 The Type 5, 6, 7, and 8 gearsets
illustrate the different four-speed gear train
arrangements that combine a Simpson threespeed gearset with an overdrive unit.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN PLUS AN ADDITIONAL
GEARSET
FIGURE 5-27 The full-throttle shift sequence for a
Type 6 transmission showing the apply devices
and the output shaft speed at the 1–2,2–3,and 3–4
upshifts. Reverse is also shown.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN PLUS AN ADDITIONAL
GEARSET
TABLE 5-6 Simpson gear train plus overdrive band and clutch application, type 6
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SIMPSON GEAR TRAIN PLUS AN ADDITIONAL
GEARSET
TABLE 5-7 Shift strategy: four speed
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
TABLE 5-8 Shift strategy: five speed
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
• The Ravigneaux gearset uses a single carrier that
has two sets of intermeshed planet gears, two sun
gears, and a single ring gear.
• The planet gears are different lengths.
• The two sun gears have different diameters and are
independent of each other.
• The long pinion gears mesh with the large sun gear,
short pinions, and ring gear
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
• Two-Speed Ravigneaux
Arrangement and
Operation
• Three-Speed Ravigneaux
Arrangement and
Operation: First Version
• Three-Speed Ravigneaux
Arrangement and
Operation: Second
Version
• Four-Speed Ravigneaux
Arrangement and
Operation
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
FIGURE 5-28 The Type 9,10,11,and 12 gearsets
illustrate the different three- and four-speed gear
train arrangements that use a single Ravigneaux
gearset.
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
HOW WAS THE POWERGLIDE DIFFERENT?
FIGURE 5-29 When a Powerglide is in low gear, the low band is applied to hold
the low sun gear stationary; at this time, the long pinions will be driven by the
input sun gear and walk around the low sun gear to drive the carrier. (Reprinted
with permission of General Motors)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
• Four-Speed Ravigneaux Arrangement and
Operation: Second Version
• LePelletier Gear Train
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-30 Exploded views of a Ford ATX (a) transaxle and a GM 3L30
(b) transmission gearset. Note the difference in the carriers (27). (Courtesy
of Slauson Transmission Parts,www.slauson.com)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-31 A stub shaft (not shown) is used to connect the
turbine shaft and forward drum (3315) of the Ford 4R70W
transmission to the direct clutch housing (3331).The direct
clutch is used in third and fourth gears. (Courtesy of Aceomatic
Recon)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-32 The full-throttle shift sequence for a
Type 12 transmission showing the apply devices
and the output shaft speed at the 1–2,2–3,and 3–4
upshifts and reverse.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-33 This cutaway view of a GM
4L30 transmission shows an overdrive unit
as the input of a Type 11, three-speed
Ravigneaux gearset. (Reprinted with
permission of General Motors)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-34 A schematic view of a Type 13, LePelletier six-speed gearset (a) and a clutch application
chart (b).
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-35 A Type 13 shift sequence.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
RAVIGNEAUX GEARSETS
TABLE 5-9 Four-speed Ravigneaux gear train band and clutch application, type 12
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
• A four-speed gearset was developed by General Motors and
introduced in the 4L60 (THM 7004R).
FIGURE 5-36 A schematic view of a Type 14, GM 4L60
four-speed gearset.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
• Power Flow: 4L60E
• Four-Speed Overdrive Gearset: Second Version
• Four-Speed Overdrive Gearset:Variation of
Second Version
• Four-Speed Overdrive Gearset:Variation Two
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-37 The full-throttle shift
sequence for a Type 14, 4L60 transmission
showing the apply devices and the output
shaft speed at the 1–2, 2–3, and 3–4
upshifts and reverse.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-38 A schematic view of a Type 15, Chrysler 41TE fourspeed gearset.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-39 A 41TE (a) and a 42LE (b) transaxle use essentially the same transmission gear train with
different final drives. The 41TE is mounted transversely, and the 42LE is mounted longitudinally. (Courtesy
of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-40 In first gear, the 41TE rear sun gear is driven by the
underdrive clutch while the rear ring and front carrier are held by the
lowreverse clutch. This forces the rear planet gears to walk around
the inside of the ring gear and the rear carrier to rotate at a reduced
speed. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-41 In second gear, the 41TE rear sun gear is driven by the
underdrive clutch and the front sun gear is held by the 2–4 clutch. This
forces the front planet gear to walk around the stationary sun gear and
drive the front carrier and rear ring gear at a reduced speed. (Courtesy
of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-42 In third gear, the 41TE rear sun gear is driven by the
underdrive clutch and the front carrier/rear ring gear is driven by the
overdrive clutch. This locks the front gearset and produces a 1:1 ratio.
(Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-43 In fourth gear, the 41TE rear sun gear is driven by the
overdrive clutch and the front sun gear is held by the 2–4 clutch. This forces
the front planet gears to walk around the stationary sun gear and drives the
front carrier at an overdrive ratio. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-44 In reverse, the 41TE front sun gear is driven by the reverse
clutch while the front carrier/rear ring gear is held by the low-reverse clutch.
The front planet gears act as idlers, driving the front ring gear at a reverse,
reduction ratio.(Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-45 The full-throttle shift
sequence for a Type 15, 41TE
transmission showing the apply devices
and the output shaft speed at the 1–2, 2–3,
and 3–4 upshifts and reverse.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
TABLE 5-10 Four-speed gear train band and clutch application, type 15
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-46 An exploded view of the
Type 16 gear train used in an AXOD/AX4N
transaxle.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-47 A schematic view of a Type 16, GM 4T60 four-speed gearset. The
Ford AX4N gearset is similar.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-48 In first gear, the AXOD front
sun gear is driven by the forward clutch
and low one-way clutch while the rear sun
gear is held by the low-intermediate band.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-49 In second gear, the
AXOD front carrier is driven by the
intermediate clutch while the rear sun
gear is held by the low-intermediate
band.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-50 In third gear, the AXOD front
gear is driven by the intermediate clutch
while the front sun gear is driven by the
forward clutch and low one-way clutch, and
this locks up both gearsets to produce a
1:1 ratio.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-51 In fourth gear, the AXOD front
carrier is driven by the intermediate clutch while
the front sun gear is held by the overdrive band.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-52 In reverse, the AXOD front sun
gear is driven by the forward clutch and low
one-way clutch while the carrier is held by the
reverse clutch.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FOUR-SPEED OVERDRIVE GEARSET
FIGURE 5-53 A schematic view of a Type 17, Ford CD4E four-speed gearset.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
JOINT VENTURE, SIX-SPEED GEARSET
• This gearset, Type 18, was developed jointly by
Ford (6F50) and General Motors (6T70 and 6T75).
It uses three simple planetary gearsets and has
each carrier connected to the ring gear of another
set.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
JOINT VENTURE, SIX-SPEED GEARSET
FIGURE 5-54 A schematic view of a Type 18,Joint Venture six-speed gearset (a) and a clutch application
chart (b).
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
JOINT VENTURE, SIX-SPEED GEARSET
FIGURE 5-55 A Type 18 shift sequence.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
• Several automatic transmission designs do not use planetary
gearsets.
• These designs are attempts to produce a smaller, simpler,
lighter, and less expensive transmission that will produce
better fuel mileage with lower exhaust emissions.
• Many consider the dual clutch transmissions to be automatic
transmissions.
– Helical Gear Types
– CVT Types
•
•
•
•
•
CVT Components, Pulleys
CVT Components, Drive Belt
CVT Operation
CVT Reverse
CVT Forward Operation
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-56 This parts catalog page shows an exploded view
of a Saturn TAAT automatic transaxle. Note the helical gearset
and the clutches for shift control. (Courtesy of Aceomatic
Recon)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-57 A schematic view of a Type 19.Honda four-speed gearset.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-58 The shift sequence for a
Type 19,four-speed transmission
showing the apply devices.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-59 Forward ratios in this CVT transmission
are changed as the two halves of the drive pulley are
forced together, increasing the diameter. At the same
time, the two halves of the driven pulley spread apart to
reduce its diameter. The planetary gearset at the rear of
the input shaft is used to produce reverse. (Courtesy of
American Honda Motor Company)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-60 The shift sequence for a CVT
transmission is a very smooth, stepless
transition from a low ratio to a high ratio as
the pulleys change diameter. The engine
speed can stay constant as the vehicle
speeds up. (Courtesy of American Honda
Motor Company)
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-61 The drive pulley is wide while the
driven pulley is narrow for low ratio, vehicle start
(left). The ratio changes by making the drive pulley
narrow and the driven pulley wider.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-62 A push-belt is made from a few hundred steel segments held together by two bands that have
multiple layers of thin steel (a). A pull-belt resembles a silent chain with exposed end links that grip the
pulley sides (b).
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
NONPLANETARY GEARSETS
FIGURE 5-63 The ratio control valve
and motor control the drive pulley fluid
pressure, which in turn controls the
pulley widths and ratio.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SUMMARY
1. An understanding of the rules of power transfer through a
planetary gearset is needed to trace the power through any
planetary gearset.
2. A simple planetary gearset can produce seven different
gear ratios.
3. Transmissions schematics are a helpful tool for
understanding gear train power flow.
4. There are two basic types of planetary gearsets used:
Simpson and Ravigneaux.
5. Combinations of Simpson or Ravigneaux gearsets with a
simple planetary gearset will produce four, five, six, eight, or
more gear ratios.
6. CVTs offer unique advantages, better fuel economy, lower
emissions, and smoother operation.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. A simple planetary gearset has a _________ _________, a
_________ _________, and a _________ that has two or
more planet gears.
2. A Simpson gear train combines one _________ _________
with _________ planet gearsets and two _________ gears.
3. The right and left sides of a vehicle are determined by
viewing from the _________ _________.
4. The transmission/transaxle can be mounted in either a
_________ (lengthwise) or _________ (crosswise) position.
5. The lever or arm used to hold the vehicle stationary in park
is called a parking _________.
6. _________ transmission designs require that during an
upshift, the application of a clutch must be carefully timed
with the release of a reaction member.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
REVIEW QUESTIONS
7. A _________ and _________ application chart shows the relationship
between the apply devices used in each of the gear ranges.
8. Complete the following for a Simpson, Type 1 transmission.
–
–
–
–
–
a. The forward clutch _________ the input ring gear.
b. The one-way clutch holds the _________ _________.
c. The high-reverse clutch _________ the _________ _________.
d. The intermediate band holds the _________ _________.
e. The low-reverse band _________ the _________ _________.
9. Which apply devices are working when a three-speed Simpson gear
train is in third gear?
10. Variables that affect the speed of a band engagement include:
– a. _________ diameter.
– b. Fluid feed _________ diameter.
– c. Use of a(n) _________.
11. When an overdrive Simpson gear train is in third gear, what is the gear
ratio in the overdrive planetary gearset? The main gearset?
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
REVIEW QUESTIONS
12. A Ravigneaux gearset uses a _________ carrier that has
_________ and _________ planet pinions, a _________
and a _________ sun gear, and a single _________ gear.
13. A single _________ gearset can be used in a two-, three-,
or fourspeed transmission or transaxle.
14. The gear train in the GM 4L60 has two _________ gearsets
and has _________ apply devices.
15. The automatic transmissions used in most Honda and
Saturn vehicles use _________ mesh _________ gears
similar to conventional standard transmissions. In place of
synchronizers, they use _________ disc _________.
16. A _________ _________ _________ has an infinite number
of _________ ratios that should keep the engine at its most
efficient _________.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
1. Student A says that if the carrier is the input and
the sun gear is the reaction member, the ring gear
will rotate in a gear reduction. Student B says that
if the carrier is the input and the sun gear is the
reaction member, the ring gear rotates in reverse.
Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
1. Student A says that if the carrier is the input and
the sun gear is the reaction member, the ring gear
will rotate in a gear reduction. Student B says that
if the carrier is the input and the sun gear is the
reaction member, the ring gear rotates in reverse.
Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
2. Student A says that a simple planetary gearset
operates in neutral if there is no input member.
Student B says that it will operate in neutral if there
is no reaction member. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
2. Student A says that a simple planetary gearset
operates in neutral if there is no input member.
Student B says that it will operate in neutral if there
is no reaction member. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
3. Student A says that driving the ring gear while the
sun gear is held will make the planet gears walk
around the sun gear. Student B says that driving
the ring gear while holding the sun gear will force
the carrier to rotate at a reduction speed. Who is
correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
3. Student A says that driving the ring gear while the
sun gear is held will make the planet gears walk
around the sun gear. Student B says that driving
the ring gear while holding the sun gear will force
the carrier to rotate at a reduction speed. Who is
correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
4. Student A says that if the sun gear is driven while
the ring gear is held, the planet gears will walk
around the inside of the ring gear. Student B says
that if the sun gear is driven while the carrier is
held, the ring gear is forced to rotate at a slower
speed than the sun gear. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
4. Student A says that if the sun gear is driven while
the ring gear is held, the planet gears will walk
around the inside of the ring gear. Student B says
that if the sun gear is driven while the carrier is
held, the ring gear is forced to rotate at a slower
speed than the sun gear. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
5. If the ring gear is driven while the sun gear is held,
the planet gears will
a)
b)
c)
d)
merely rotate in the carrier.
rotate as they walk around the sun gear.
rotate with the carrier but not on their axis.
be stationary in the carrier.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
5. If the ring gear is driven while the sun gear is held,
the planet gears will
a)
b)
c)
d)
merely rotate in the carrier.
rotate as they walk around the sun gear.
rotate with the carrier but not on their axis.
be stationary in the carrier.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
6. The term referring to the pull of a FWD vehicle
under a hard acceleration is
a)
b)
c)
d)
torque pull.
steer pull.
torque steer.
acceleration steer
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
6. The term referring to the pull of a FWD vehicle
under a hard acceleration is
a)
b)
c)
d)
torque pull.
steer pull.
torque steer.
acceleration steer
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
7. In a three-speed Simpson gear train, if the sun
gear is stationary, the transmission is in
a)
b)
c)
d)
first gear.
third gear.
second gear.
reverse.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
7. In a three-speed Simpson gear train, if the sun
gear is stationary, the transmission is in
a)
b)
c)
d)
first gear.
third gear.
second gear.
reverse.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
8. When a three-speed Simpson gear train is in first
gear, the sun gear is
a)
b)
c)
d)
rotating clockwise
stationary.
rotating counterclockwise.
freewheeling.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
8. When a three-speed Simpson gear train is in first
gear, the sun gear is
a)
b)
c)
d)
rotating clockwise
stationary.
rotating counterclockwise.
freewheeling.
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
9. In a three-speed Simpson gear train, third gear
occurs when the forward clutch is applied along
with the
a)
b)
c)
d)
rear band.
one-way clutch.
front band.
None of these
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
9. In a three-speed Simpson gear train, third gear
occurs when the forward clutch is applied along
with the
a)
b)
c)
d)
rear band.
one-way clutch.
front band.
None of these
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
10. In a three-speed Simpson gear train, the reaction
carrier is held stationary by a
a)
b)
c)
d)
one-way clutch.
multiple-disc clutch.
band.
Any of these
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
10. In a three-speed Simpson gear train, the reaction
carrier is held stationary by a
a)
b)
c)
d)
one-way clutch.
multiple-disc clutch.
band.
Any of these
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
11. Student A says that when a one-way clutch is used
for a reaction member, the clutch will release if the
vehicle decelerates in that gear. Student B says
that when a one-way clutch is used for a reaction
member, the clutch self-applies when the throttle is
opened. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
11. Student A says that when a one-way clutch is used
for a reaction member, the clutch will release if the
vehicle decelerates in that gear. Student B says
that when a one-way clutch is used for a reaction
member, the clutch self-applies when the throttle is
opened. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
12. Driving two members of a planetary gearset while
there is no reaction member will result in a(n)
_________ ratio.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Overdrive
Reduction
1:1
reverse, reduction
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
12. Driving two members of a planetary gearset while
there is no reaction member will result in a(n)
_________ ratio.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Overdrive
Reduction
1:1
reverse, reduction
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
13. Student A says that in a four-speed Simpson gear
train, the sun gear is the input member for the
overdrive gearset. Student B says the ring gear is
the output member. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
13. Student A says that in a four-speed Simpson gear
train, the sun gear is the input member for the
overdrive gearset. Student B says the ring gear is
the output member. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
14. Student A says that in Type 5, 6, 7, and 8
transmissions, both driving clutches in the main
gearset are applied in third gear. Student B says
that the overdrive gearset reaction member is
applied in third gear. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
14. Student A says that in Type 5, 6, 7, and 8
transmissions, both driving clutches in the main
gearset are applied in third gear. Student B says
that the overdrive gearset reaction member is
applied in third gear. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
15. A Ravigneaux gearset uses
a)
b)
c)
d)
two sun gears.
one ring gear.
two sets of planet pinion gears.
All of these
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
15. A Ravigneaux gearset uses
a)
b)
c)
d)
two sun gears.
one ring gear.
two sets of planet pinion gears.
All of these
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
16. Student A says that in a two-speed Ravigneaux
gear train, one sun gear is driven whenever the
turbine shaft turns. Student B says that it will
always be in neutral if there is no reaction member.
Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
16. Student A says that in a two-speed Ravigneaux
gear train, one sun gear is driven whenever the
turbine shaft turns. Student B says that it will
always be in neutral if there is no reaction member.
Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
17. The Ravigneaux gear train can be arranged so it
produces _________ forward speeds.
a)
b)
c)
d)
2
2 or 3
2, 3, or 4
2, 3, 4, or 5
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
17. The Ravigneaux gear train can be arranged so it
produces _________ forward speeds.
a)
b)
c)
d)
2
2 or 3
2, 3, or 4
2, 3, 4, or 5
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
18. Student A says that in a Ravigneaux gear train, the
long pinion gears are meshed with the large sun
gear. Student B says that the long pinion gears are
meshed with the short pinion gears. Who is
correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
18. Student A says that in a Ravigneaux gear train, the
long pinion gears are meshed with the large sun
gear. Student B says that the long pinion gears are
meshed with the short pinion gears. Who is
correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
19. Student A says that in fourth gear, the sun gear is
driven. Student B says the carrier is held stationary
in fourth gear. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
19. Student A says that in fourth gear, the sun gear is
driven. Student B says the carrier is held stationary
in fourth gear. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
20. Student A says that when a simple planetary
gearset is in reverse, the carrier is held stationary.
Student B says the ring gear is the output member
in reverse. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ
20. Student A says that when a simple planetary
gearset is in reverse, the carrier is held stationary.
Student B says the ring gear is the output member
in reverse. Who is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Student A
Student B
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles, Fourth Edition
By Tom Birch and Chuck Rockwood
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458