Ethnicity and Religion Chapter 5 Chapter Overview I. II. III. IV. Introduction Religion Ethnicity Ethnicity, Religion, & Social Class V. Religion in the U.S. VI. Review I. Introduction A. “Quiz” B. Ethnicity & Religion: Significant Self-Concepts C. Religious Tolerance on a Continuum D. Major Religions of the World I. Introduction A. “Quiz” B. Ethnicity & Religion: Significant Self-Concepts C. Religious Tolerance on a Continuum D. Major Religions of the World 1. The largest ancestral group in America is German. True 2. Americans still discriminate against the Roman Catholic Church, even though it has a membership of 50 million in the United States. True 3. There are about 39 million Irish Americans while only 4 million Irish live in Ireland. True 4. Sunday Church meetings are arguably “the most segregated hour of the week.” True 5. Due to the secularization of American society, religious institutions are losing ground. False 6. TV and movies depict religious characters as more successful than nonreligious characters. False 7. Ethnic interest decreases with every generation after immigration. False 8. Americans who want to identify with their heritage use time-honored ethnic traditions. False 9. When African Americans were gaining respect in the 70s, the mass media was still ridiculing white ethnics. True 10. “WASP” is still the desirable religious and ethnic designation. True I. Introduction A. “Quiz” B. Ethnicity & Religion: Significant Self-Concepts C. Religious Tolerance on a Continuum D. Major Religions of the World Y.J.U.s: Classroom Census of Nationality & Religion Y.J.U.: What is your ethnicity? Y.J.U.: My Ethnicity is special. Y.J.U.: Why or why not? Y.J.U.: Being an American is Special. Y.J.U.: Why or Why not? Y.J.U.s: Classroom Census of Nationality & Religion Y.J.U.: What is your religion? Y.J.U.: My Religion is special. Y.J.U.: Why or why not? I. Introduction A. “Quiz” B. Ethnicity & Religion: Significant Self-Concepts C. Religious Tolerance on a Continuum D. Major Religions of the World I. Introduction A. “Quiz” B. Ethnicity & Religion: Significant Self-Concepts C. Religious Tolerance on a Continuum D. Major Religions of the World B. Major Religions of the World II. Religion A. Roots of Prejudice B. A Lot of Facts C. Mapping Religions in the US II. Religion A. Roots of Prejudice B. A Lot of Facts C. Mapping Religions in the US II. Religion A. Roots of Prejudice B. A Lot of Facts 1. 2. 3. 4. Another continuum Religion is always changing Over 15,000 religious bodies Age & church or synagogue membership II. Religion A. Roots of Prejudice B. A Lot of Facts 1. 2. 3. 4. Another continuum Religion is always changing Over 15,000 religious bodies Age & church or synagogue membership A Continuum of Religious Groups II. Religion A. Roots of Prejudice B. A Lot of Facts 1. 2. 3. 4. Another continuum Religion is always changing Over 15,000 religious bodies Age & church or synagogue membership II. Religion A. Roots of Prejudice B. A Lot of Facts 1. 2. 3. 4. Another continuum Religion is always changing Over 15,000 religious bodies Age & church or synagogue membership II. Religion A. Roots of Prejudice B. A Lot of Facts 1. 2. 3. 4. Another continuum Religion is always changing Over 15,000 religious bodies Age & church or synagogue membership Age and Church or Synagogue Membership II. Religion A. Roots of Prejudice B. A Lot of Facts C. Mapping religions Predominance of Religions in America by Counties III. Ethnicity A. B. C. D. E. Ethnicity is a social construct Rediscovering ethnicity Third Generation Principle Symbolic Ethnicity Ethnic paradox III. Ethnicity A. B. C. D. E. Ethnicity is a social construct Rediscovering ethnicity Third Generation Principle Symbolic Ethnicity Ethnic paradox III. Ethnicity A. B. C. D. E. Ethnicity is a social construct Rediscovering ethnicity Third Generation Principle Symbolic Ethnicity Ethnic paradox III. Ethnicity A. B. C. D. E. Ethnicity is a social construct Rediscovering ethnicity Third Generation Principle Symbolic Ethnicity Ethnic paradox III. Ethnicity A. B. C. D. E. Ethnicity is a social construct Rediscovering ethnicity Third Generation Principle Symbolic Ethnicity Ethnic paradox III. Ethnicity A. B. C. D. E. Ethnicity is a social construct Rediscovering ethnicity Third Generation Principle Symbolic Ethnicity Ethnic paradox IV. Ethnicity, Religion, and Social Class A. Bigotry B. Religion and Income C. Greeley’s Research IV. Ethnicity, Religion, and Social Class A. Bigotry 1. 2. 3. 4. Respectable bigotry Ethnic prejudice Class prejudice Ethclass B. Religion and Income C. Greeley’s Research IV. Ethnicity, Religion, and Social Class A. Bigotry 1. 2. 3. 4. Respectable bigotry Ethnic prejudice Class prejudice Ethclass B. Religion and Income C. Greeley’s Research IV. Ethnicity, Religion, and Social Class A. Bigotry 1. 2. 3. 4. Respectable bigotry Ethnic prejudice Class prejudice Ethclass B. Religion and Income C. Greeley’s Research IV. Ethnicity, Religion, and Social Class A. Bigotry 1. 2. 3. 4. Respectable bigotry Ethnic prejudice Class prejudice Ethclass B. Religion and Income C. Greeley’s Research IV. Ethnicity, Religion, and Social Class A. Bigotry 1. 2. 3. 4. Respectable bigotry Ethnic prejudice Class prejudice Ethclass B. Religion and Income C. Greeley’s Research IV. Ethnicity, Religion, and Social Class A. Bigotry B. Religion and Income C. Greeley’s Research Religion and Income 40000 35000 Baptist Muslim Methodist LDS Lutheran Catholic Presbyterian Episcopalian Jewish 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 Baptist LDS Presbyterian IV. Ethnicity, Religion, and Social Class A. Bigotry B. Religion and Income C. Greeley’s Research V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy D. A bunch of facts, if we have time V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy D. A bunch of facts, if we have time V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy D. A bunch of facts, if we have time V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy D. A bunch of facts, if we have time V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy 1. 2. 3. How come? LDS Scripture The Manifesto V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy 1. 2. 3. How come? LDS Scripture The Manifesto V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy 1. 2. 3. How come? LDS Scripture The Manifesto The 12th Article of Faith We believe in being subject to kings, presidents, rulers, and magistrates, in obeying, honoring, and sustaining the law. V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy 1. 2. 3. How come? LDS Scripture The Manifesto The Manifesto Oct 6, 1890 OFFICIAL DECLARATION—1 To Whom It May Concern: Press dispatches having been sent for Political purposes, from Salt Lake City, which have been widely published, to the effect that the Utah Commission, in their recent report to the Secretary of the Interior, allege that plural marriages are still being solemnized and that forty or more such marriages have been contracted in Utah since last June or during the past year, also that in public discourses the leaders of the Church have taught, encouraged and urged the continuance of the practice of polygamy— One case has been reported, in which the parties allege that the marriage was performed in the Endowment House, in Salt Lake City, in the Spring of 1889, but I have not been able to learn who performed the ceremony; whatever was done in this matter was without my knowledge. In consequence of this alleged occurrence the Endowment House was, by my instructions, taken down without delay. Inasmuch as laws have been enacted by Congress forbidding plural marriages, which laws have been pronounced constitutional by the court of last resort, I hereby declare my intention to submit to those laws, and to use my influence with the members of the Church over which I preside to have them do likewise. There is nothing in my teachings to the Church or in those of my associates, during the time specified, which can be reasonably construed to inculcate or encourage polygamy; and when any Elder of the Church has used language which appeared to convey any such teaching, he has been promptly reproved. And I now publicly declare that my advice to the Latter-day Saints is to refrain from contracting any marriage forbidden by the law of the land. WILFORD WOODRUFF President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. President Lorenzo Snow offered the following: “I move that, recognizing Wilford Woodruff as the President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and the only man on the earth at the present time who holds the keys of the sealing ordinances, we consider him fully authorized by virtue of his position to issue the Manifesto which has been read in our hearing, and which is dated September 24th, 1890, and that as a Church in General Conference assembled, we accept his declaration concerning plural marriages as authoritative and binding.” The vote to sustain the foregoing motion was unanimous. Salt Lake City, Utah, October 6, 1890. V. Religion in the United States A. Religion and the U.S. Supreme Court: Big Discussion (text p. 141) B. Civil Religion C. Mormonism and Polygamy D. A bunch of facts, if we have time Most segregated hour of the week Roman Catholics White ethnics Life chances Women in the clergy The Amish Creationists Religion is always changing. Examples: Those who believe in angels Promise Keepers Faith hopping 58% of the American public claim to be religious, but only 5% of TV programming shows religious characters or addresses religious plots. • The media portrays the clergy and religious persons predominantly in a negative light (i.e., as comical or fanatical). Adult Population Membership Breakdowns: Protestants = 58% Roman Catholics = 25% Jews = 2% •U.S. Churches’ Gains and Losses in the Last 10 Years About 70% of Americans are church members. Q: How many are active? Q: Are new members keeping numbers high? • Conclusion: We don’t know if religion is growing or shrinking