GOES-R Direct Readout
Implications
Richard G. Reynolds
GOES-R Ground Segment Project
4th GOES User Conference
“Session 5: GOES-R User Readiness”
8:30-10:15 am / Wednesday November 4
An update of the presentation to the Direct Readout Users Conference
By Wilfred E. Mazur Jr. - December 11, 2008
1
Topics
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•
•
•
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Direct Readout Services
GOES-R Program Status
New Instruments for GOES-R
GOES-R Frequency Plan
Implications to Communications Services
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GRB and Dual Polarization
GRB Receive Systems
EMWIN & LRIT Become HRIT/EMWIN
Emulated GVAR (eGVAR)
DCS
SARSAT
Multi-Use Data Link (MDL)
2
Direct Readout Services Overview
GOES Rebroadcast
(GRB)
High Rate Information
Transmission /
Emergency Managers
Weather Information
Network
Emulated GOES
Variable
(eGVAR)
Data Collection System
(DCS)
(HRIT/EMWIN)
Search and Rescue Satellite Aided Tracking
(SARSAT)
3
GOES-R Program Status
• Instrument Contracts – ABI / SUVI / EXIS / SEISS / GLM
– All Under Contract
• Spacecraft Contract
– July 22. 2009 – Lockheed-Martin
– Denver, Colorado
NNG07193033J, NNG08193033R /
http://prod.nais.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eps/bizops.cgi?gr=D&pin=51
• Ground Segment Contract
– May 27, 2009 – Harris Corporation
– Melbourne, Florida
DG133E-08-RP-0068
http://www.fedbizopps.gov
• Antenna System Acquisition
– October 22, 2009 – Proposals Received
• GOES-R Access Subsystem (GAS) / Ancillary Data Relay System (ADRS) /
HRIT/EMWIN “Domain-5” Upgrade / Data Collection System IF
Compatibility
– Soon – RFP Release
• GOES-R Launch Readiness Date
– September 2015
GOES-S Launch Readiness Date
-- February 2017
4
GOES-West
137° West
GOES-East
75° West
Direct
Readout
Users
Remote
Backup Facility
Fairmont, WV
Command &
control, data
NOAA
Satellite Operations
Facility
Suitland, MD
Command and Data Acquisition Station
Wallops, VA
06/19/2008 v2
GOES-R System Configuration
•5 5
Instrument Performance
GOES I-P
GOES-R
Significant Changes
Imager
ABI
Greater resolution & Channels
Sounder
--
ABI to provide most legacy
capabilities
SXI
SUVI
Increased channels
EUV & XRS
EXIS
None
Magnetometer
Magnetometer
None
HEPAD & EPS
SEISS
Greater energy ranges
--
GLM
Geostationary Lightning
Mapper
6
Instrument Data Delivery
7
Total Mbps
Instrument
Raw Data Rate Comparison
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
GOES-R
GOES I-P
MAG
EXIS
SEISS
SUVI
GLM
ABI
MAG
EUV/XRS
SXI
SOUNDER
IMAGER
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GOES-R Frequency Plan
DOWNLINKS
(RAW DATA DOWNLINK AT 8220 MHz NOT SHOWN)
HRIT/EMWIN
BPSK
1697.4 MHz
DCPC
CDMA
SAR
468.775 MHz
FDM
468.825 MHz 1544.550 MHz
DCPR
FDM
1683.3 MHz
1683.6 MHz
GRB
(dual pol)
1690.0 MHz
CDA
Telemetry
BPSK
1696.3 MHz
DSN
Telem & Rng
BPSK/PM
2211.04 MHz
Radiosondes
1675 to 1683 MHz
470
1545
1670
1675
1680
DCPC
CDMA
2032.775 MHz
2032.825 MHz
UPLINKS
EMWIN-LRIT
BPSK
2028.4 MHz
DCPR
FDM/8PSK
401.9 MHz
402.2 MHz
400
1685
2025
1695
Command
BPSK
2034.2 MHz
2030
2035
7210
1700
2210
GRB
(dual pol)
7220.0 MHz
Command
and Ranging
BPSK
2036.0 MHz
SAR
FDM/Bi-Φ
406.05 MHz
405
1690
7215
7220
7225
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GOES[-R] Rebroadcast (GRB)
• Provides full resolution products from all instruments
– All data will be calibrated and navigated (“Level 1b”)
– Except … GLM will be higher level products (“Level 2+”)
• “Events,” “Groups,” and “Flashes”
• Replaces current GVAR service
– 31 Mbps vs. 2.1 Mbps
– DRO receive systems specified for same size antennas (G/T
of 15.2 dB/K), however with significant changes:
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•
•
•
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New center frequency 1690.0 MHz vs. 1685.7 MHz
High-level modulation (e.g. QPSK, OQPSK or 8-PSK, TBD) vs. BPSK
Dual polarization – requiring feed changes and dual receiver chain
CCSDS packet formatting
Forward error detection coding (LDPC) to reduce required C/No.
DVB-S2 link characteristics and compatibility under consideration
– System specified for 2.5 dB margin
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GOES[-R] Rebroadcast (GRB)
(Continued)
• LHCP to provide subset of imagery (ABI … 0.64,
3.9, 6.185, 7.34, 11.2, 12.3, 13.3 micron
channels);
• RHCP to provide remaining 9 ABI channels, plus
all other instruments
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GRB 99.99% Availability Coverage
Interference Level
Interference
level could be
exceeded in the
DARK BLUE
area
GOES West
0.01% Exceedence
of 22 dB
interference level
based on “Initial
Bound Equation”
determined by the
conducted
measurements and
the ITU-R 0.01%
rain rate for given
areas in the GOES
antenna footprint.
GOES East
Some locations near the equator may experience a reduced,
but positive, margin under expected worst case conditions
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One Concept for a GRB Small User
Receive System
Downconverter Data
& Demodulator Aggregator
Antenna & Feed
Filter
90 deg
Hybrid
LNA
Demodulator
RHCP
Data
Handling
Filter
LNA
LHCP
DVB-S2* PCI
Card Receiver
Demodulator
Storage
~$750/polarization
– $~300 for a PCI-Card
–$450 for an equivalent new PC from Dell
Data Aggregator $450 for an equivalent new PC from Dell
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Emulated GVAR (eGVAR)
• As a contingency capability, and to give users
additional time to transition from GVAR to GRB,
eGVAR will provide GOES-R Imagery to Users capable
of receiving today’s GVAR data stream
– Will be broadcast through a GOES I/P Series Satellite
– The signal will have the GVAR characteristics:
• Same transmit frequency (1685.7 MHz) and power levels
• Same GVAR data rate (2.11 Mbps) and format
• Five Similar Imager channel wavelengths (Based on ABI channels
0.64, 4.9, 6.19, 11.2, 13.3 µm)
• Imagery will be mapped to GOES NOP temporal and spatial
resolution
• No Sounder data
• One full-earth disk every 30-minutes
– No Mesoscale data – No “Rapid Scan;” No “Super Rapid Scan”
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Emulated GVAR (eGVAR) (Continued)
– Not an option for long-term use
– Will only be operational based on assessments of end
user readiness near the time for GOES-R operations:
• Presumes a spare satellite is available
• Users must not be lax in preparing for actual GOES-R
(i.e., GRB) readiness
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eGVAR & GRB Flows
GOES-R
Satellite
GOES-I/P
Series Satellite
GOESN/O/P RF
Product Generation
Product Gen
GOES-N/O/P SSGS
eGVAR User
GRB
eGVAR & GRB
Legend
Instrument Raw Data downlink
GRB relay uplink
eGVAR relay uplink
GRB RF Broadcast
eGVAR RF Broadcast
Terrestrial/Network Comm
GRB User
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HRIT/EMWIN
• Successor to individual Low Rate Image Transmission broadcast
(LRIT) and the Emergency Managers Weather Information
Network broadcast (EMWIN) combined onto one carrier.
• Frequency change from 1691.0 MHz/1692.7 MHz to 1694.7 MHz
• Higher data rate … 921 Kbps)
• Provides growth path for both Services to a combined 400 Kbps
– LRIT currently 128 Kbps
– EMWIN currently:
– 9.6 Kbps (GOES 11&12), 19.2 Kbps for GOES 13-15.
• Will utilize BPSK modulation w/ convolutional and Reed-Solomon
coding
– Same as LRIT, but higher data rate
– Allows maximum EIRP from satellite due to Power Spectral Density
restrictions
– EMWIN Users modulation type changes from uncoded FSK (GOES I-M)
and from coded OQPSK (GOES-NOP) to coded BPSK at much higher data
rate.
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HRIT/EMWIN (Continued)
• Name change to High Rate Information Transmission
(HRIT) required by CGMS categorization of services
• Virtual Channel Data Units used to separate HRIT and
EMWIN data
– CCSCS Virtual channels as used in LRIT today
• Prototype “Software Defined Radio” developed and demonstrated:
– One hardware/software configuration can receive all current and
future EMWIN, LRIT and HIRT/EMWIN signals with NO hardware
changes or upgrades (GOES I-S compatible). No user transition
necessary.
– Technology demonstration to proves low cost, PC-based terminals
are possible for all data rates and modulation types
– Performance data, Hardware design and software design is
available on WWW.GOES-R .GOV
– Development performed for GOES-R Program by Aerospace Corp.
– Presentation and Demonstrations provided last night
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HRIT/EMWIN Ground Data Flow
(Per satellite)
GOES-R GS
RF
Up/Down
Ant./RF
HRIT/EMWIN
Uplink & Signal
Monitoring
IF Switch
IF Modulation
Uplink
Processor
(Domain 5)
HRIT/EMWIN
CCSDS
TCP/IP
WCDAS
Comm
Processor
NSOF
(Domain 4)
RBU
EMWIN
From
NWS
HRIT
From
ESPC
RF
Up/Down
Ant./RF
HRIT/EMWIN
Uplink & Signal
Monitoring
IF Switch
IF Modulation
Uplink
Processor
(Domain 5)
HRIT/EMWIN
CCSDS
TCP/IP (B/U)
GOES-R GS
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GOES Data Collection System
GOES Data Collection System
•20
GOES Data Collection System
• GOES-DCS consists of two communication Services:
– Data Collection Platform Receive (DCPR)
– Data Collection Command (DCPC) … Previously “Interrogate” (DCPI)
• GOES-R will support the ongoing evolution toward
greater channel efficiency and system capacity
– Narrower DCPR channel assignments allowing both East and West
satellites to each support 200 simultaneous platform signals, with
a total system capacity of about 72,000 platforms
– A new DCPC service, based on CDMA techniques, currently in
prototype development. This user-funded development concept
will allow one command channel on each GOES NOP Series
satellite and two channels on each GOES-R Series satellite
• Direct Broadcast of DCPR to User systems having 15.0
G/T will continue to be supported, but ….
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GOES Data Collection System
(Continued)
• Summary of Changes to GOES-DCS for GOES-R
Series:
– DCP uplink transmit power reduced, in accordance with
latest DCP Certification Specifications
– DCPR uplink frequencies will be unchanged
– DCPR Downlink frequencies will be shifted from 1694.51694.8 MHz to 1683.3-1683.6 MHz
• Will require change in channel demodulator frequency
– DCPI becomes DCPC:
• Will be compatible with on-going User-funded developments
compatible with current satellites
• Able to support a second DCPC channel
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SARSAT
•23
SARSAT
• Signal characteristics of the SARSAT service will be slightly
modified for GOES-R:
– Up and down-link center frequencies remain the same
– GOES-R will transpond, rather than re-modulate, the up-link band
– Will require configuration changes to the LUT receiver
• To account for degraded Beacons, GOES-R will operate
with 32 dBm uplink power (versus 36 dBm for GOES-NOP)
– Provides improved capability to support beacons with weak
signals
– Transponder will also operate with a minimum of 10 uplink
beacons simultaneously
– Conforms to COSPAS/SARSAT Specification T001, Issue 3 Revision
8 dated Nov 2007
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Other Changes of Potential Interest
• All raw instrument data will be transmitted to the
ground in X-Band vs. today’s S-Band
– X-band provides ‘spot beam’ geographical coverage vs.
hemispheric
– Processed to Level 1B and re-broadcast to users via the
GRB link
• Diagnostic telemetry will be available via a new
higher data rate telemetry link (32 Kbps)
– “CDA” telemetry downlink changes from 1694.0 MHz to
1696.3 MHz
• The Multi-use Data Link (MDL) is eliminated for
GOES-R Series
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Summary
• System requirements, communications requirements, and the
Ground Segment architecture have been defined for the
entire system, including Direct Readout Services
• Detailed definition of communication link characteristics have
not yet been fully finalized and will be refined through the
Spacecraft and Ground Segment contract design processes …
However the GOES-R baseline is:
– GRB will replace all current forms of instrument data broadcast:
•
•
•
•
Full resolution
Geo-located
Calibrated
In essentially real-time
– EMWIN and LRIT will be combined and enhanced to a higher data rate
on a new downlink frequency – HRIT/EMWIN
– DCS will remain largely the same, however DCPR downlink in L-Band
will have a frequency shift
– SARSAT will be essentially unchanged
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Summary (Continued)
• Documentation for the Direct Readout User
community will be produced by the GOES-R Ground
System contractor as CDRLs.
– Of particular note, the GS Contractor (Harris Corporation)
will be developing a Product User's Guide (PUG) that will
include a section on building a GRB receive system
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Back-up
•28
GOES N/O/P Frequency Plan
DOWNLINKS
EMWIN
QPSK
1692.7 MHz
Radiosondes use
1675 to 1683 MHz
DCPI
BPSK
468.825 MHz
SAR
FDM
and ± 12.5 kHz 1544.550 MHz
470
1545
SD
UQPSK
1676.0 MHz
1670
1675
PDR
MDL
BPSK
QPSK
1681.478 MHz 1685.7 MHz
1680
400
SAR
FDM/Bi-Φ
406.05 MHz
406.025 MHz
405
PDR
2.11 Mbps
2027.7 MHz
2025
CDA Telem
Bi-Φ
1694.0 MHz
DSN Telem
BPSK/PM
2209.086 MHz
DCPR
FDM/8PSK
1694.5 MHz
1694.8 MHz
1685
UPLINKS
DCPR
FDM/8PSK
401.9 MHz
402.2 MHz
LRIT
BPSK
1691.0 MHz
1690
Command
BPSK
2034.2 MHz
1695
2210
EMWIN
QPSK
2034.7 MHz
DCPI
BPSK
2034.8875 MHz
2034.9000 MHz
2034.9125 MHz
LRIT
BPSK
2033.0 MHz
2030
1700
2035
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