S2 Final Exam Study Guide-Answer Key
Ch 1.3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
How many sig figs in 1634
4
Convert 8,675,309 into scientific notation
8.675309x106
Convert 0.000000267 into scientific notation
2.67x10-7
How many sig figs are in 5.237
4
How many sig figs are in 80,500
3
If an object weighs 5,645g how many kg is that?
5.645kg
If you multiply 1.2 x 2.34 x 3.456 how many sig figs will the answer have?
2
What is the area of a room that is1 x 102cm long and 2 x 103cm wide
2.0x105
9. How many sig figs in 10020.00
7
10. If you add 0.25m + 1.0264m how many sig figs will the answer have? 3
Study graphs
Ch 11
1. m/s is the SI unit for what type of measurement?
Speed
2. How can you tell an object is in motion?
Use a reference point
3. 234m/s North is what type of measurement?
Velocity because it indicates
direction
4. What is the average speed of a runner who runs 600.0m in 3.8min?
2.6m/s
5. If a car is moving at 23m/h for 1.3h how far has it traveled?
30m
6. If you’re on a bus traveling north at 40.0m/s and you stand up and walk towards the
back of the bus at 0.9m/s (south), what is your resultant velocity?
39.1m/s north
7. Using lubricants on car parts serves what purpose?
Reduce friction
8. Find the average acceleration: object moving from 0m/s to 13 m/s in 8.0s.
1.6m/s2
9. What are the fundamental forces?
Force of gravity, electromagnetic force,
and strong/weak force
10. Friction between a car’s windshield and the air as you drive into the wind is what
type of friction?
kinetic
11. Define net force
combination of all the forces acting on an object
12. Define friction
force that opposes motion between two surfaces
that are touching
13. Give two examples of sliding friction:
ice skating, writing with a pencil,
pushing a book across a table, sledding etc.
14. A net force of 0 means what?
Object is NOT moving
15. If an object has balanced forces what is it’s net force?
Zero
16. A person biking is traveling at an initial speed of 10.0m/s. She accelerates at a rate
of 0.500m/s2. What is her final speed after 9.0s?
14.5m/s
17. T/F force is a quantity made up of magnitude and direction.
T
S2 Final Exam Study Guide-Answer Key
Ch 12
1.
2.
3.
4.
F=MA
2
Objects change their state of motion only when a net force is applied.
1
when you jump up, the earth goes down just a little
3
Define free fall
the motion of a body when only the force of gravity is acting on
the body
5. How is force measured?
N=kgm/s2
6. Define weight
the gravitational force an object experiences because of its mass
7. Force required to move100kg rock 10m/s2
1000N
8. The curved path that an object follows when thrown, launched, or otherwise projected near
the surface of Earth
projectile motion
9. This equation finds the weight of an object
w=mg
10. Weight of an 11kg object on earth
107.8N
11. The gravitational force between two objects depends on what?
Masses & distance
between the objects
12. What is the Law of the Conservation of Momentum? The total momentum of two or
more objects after a collision is the same as it was before the collision. In other words, the
total amount of momentum in an isolated system is conserved.
13. Calculate the velocity of a 90.5kg man running south with a momentum of 389 kgm/s.
4.30m/s
14. A 10.0 kg dog chasing a rabbit north at 6.0m/s has a momentum of: 60.0 kgm/s
Study Newton’s Laws: 1, 2, & 3
Units
Ch 13
1.
2.
3.
4.
Units for Power=?
W=J/s, hp
Units for Work=?
J=Nm=kg m/s2
PE=mgh
Gravitational Potential Energy
A weight lifter exerts an average force of 145N when she lifts a box 1.2 meters. How
much work does she do?
174=170J
5. An object has a kinetic energy of 810J after falling a certain distance. If the mass of
the object is 20kg, what is the speed of the object at this time?
9m/s
6. Sum of an object’s kinetic and potential energies
mechanical energy
7. Energy due to motion
kinetic
8. Energy due to position
potential energy
9. Define power
is the rate at which work is done, or how much
work is done in a given amount of time. Also measures the energy transformed
10. A device decreases the amount of work done by a given force is?
A machine
11. The ability to do work=?
Energy
12. Nonmechanical energy
Energy that lies at the level of the atom
13. DD if I throw a penny, at the top of the arc formed by the path of the penny, the
penny has how much maximum __________ energy.
Potential
14. Potential energy is an example of what type of energy?
Mechanical
S2 Final Exam Study Guide-Answer Key
Equations
Efficiency
Law of conservation of mass and energy
Ch 15
1. Which type of wave requires a medium? Light waves or sound waves? Sound
2. The particles in this wave are moving perpendicular to the wave
Transverse Wave
3. Vibrating objects cause this
Waves
4. What determines the volume (loudness) of a sound?
Amplitude
5. Distance from a point on a wave to the next identical point.
Wavelength
6. Only this can change the speed of a wave
change the medium or temp
7. Water waves transport what?
Energy ONLY
8. Define amplitude
maximum displacement of a particle by a wave
11. Interference that yields an increase in amplitude
constructive
12. When a light wave passes from one medium to another the wave bends. This is due
to _____?
Refraction
13. The bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another at an angle
diffraction
14. Calculate the wave speed for a wave with a wavelength of 4m and a frequency of 0.2
Hz
0.8m/s
15. A wave has a period of 3 seconds. The frequency of this wave is?
0.3Hz
16. Volume of a wave changes as the _________ of a wave changes.
amplitude
Destructive interference
Standing wave
Nodes
Reflection
Ch 16
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Increased frequency increases
Pitch
Intensity affects which property of sound?
loudness
Type of electromagnetic radiation used to kill cancer cells:
Gamma rays
T or F: ONLY convex mirrors work according to the law of reflection F
Explain the difference between a light wave reflecting off a smooth vs rough surface.
smooth= light reflects back at the same angle
Rough= reflects back at
many angles=diffusely
What does it mean if you are seeing the color green?
light waves in
the “green” wavelength are being reflected back to your eye
Light acts like a _________ when it is reflected, refracted, or diffracted wave
When light knocks electrons off a metal surface it is acting like a _____. Particle
Sound waves travel slowest through ______ and fastest though _______. gases solids
S2 Final Exam Study Guide-Answer Key
Electromagnetic wave used to determine the location of objects in a room
visible
light
Ch20/23
1. How do stars get their energy?
Fusion
2. What makes up a galaxy?
Stars bound together by gravity
3. What is the Milky Way?
Our galaxy
4. What is the fate of our sun?
white dwarf
5. What is a black hole?
Massive and compressed, not even light can
escape its gravity
6. Define Universe
Sum of all space, matter, and energy
7. What is the big bang theory?
Theory that all matter and energy in the
universe exploded ten to twenty billion years ago and began expanding in all
directions.
8. Matter not visible through current methods, but observable through gravitational
interactions between galaxies.
Dark matter
9. Name 3 examples of an ecosystem
earth, river, lake etc
10. Bears eat fish, all the fish in an ecosystem die off. What would be the immediate
effect on the population of bears?
Population would decrease
11. Name 2 ways human activity can impact an ecosystem introduce a nonnative
species, newly planted trees in a wooded area, construction of a dam, etc
12. Almost all energy on Earth comes from?
Sun
13. T/F all fossil fuels are renewable.
F
14. Name at least 3 alternative energy sources
Hydroelectric power, solar,
geothermal, etc
15. Explain the greenhouse effect.
Carbon dioxide traps radiation in the
atmosphere
10.