Present and Past;
Simple and Progressive
Exercise 1.page 13
Correct the errors in verb forms.
2. I’m not knowing Sam’s wife.
3. My roommate usually watch television, listen to
music, or going out in the evening.
4. When I turned the key, the car was starting.
5. Air is consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and other
gases.
2. I don’t know Sam’s wife.
3. My roommate usually watches television, listens to music, or goes out in the evening.
4. When I turned the key, the car started.
5. Air consists of oxygen, nitrogen, and other gases.
Cont…Exercise 1.page 13
6. The children drawed some pictures in school this
morning.
7. Right now Sally in the kitchen eating breakfast.
8. While I’m driving home last night, I heared a strange
noise in the engine.
9. A: What you are talking about?
B: I talking about the political situation in my
country.
6. The children drew some pictures in school this morning.
7. Right now Sally is in the kitchen eating breakfast.
8. While I was driving home last night, I heard a strange noise in the engine.
9. A: What are you talking about?
B: I am talking about the political situation in my country.
Exercise 2. Warm-up. (page 13)
Part I. Read each sentence and circle yes or no. If
the information is not true, restate it.
1. I read a newspaper every day.
Yes/No
2. I am sitting next to someone from Asia. Yes/No
3. The sun revolves around the earth.
Yes/No
Part II. Answer the questions.
4. Which sentence discusses a general truth?
5. Which sentence talks about a daily habit?
6. Which sentence talks about something that is
happening right now?
The present simple
Animals give us milk and meat.
Computers save us a lot of time and effort.
The present simple is used to talk about situations that aren’t
connected to time and always true(in the past, now and in
the future), it’s an all time tense or timeless.
It’s also used to express general truths.
Give similar examples.
Cont…The present simple
I take a shower every morning.
I get up early.
My watch keeps good time.
I watch television most weekends.
The present simple is used to express habitual
and repeated actions.
Give similar examples.
Cont…The present simple
In this book, the author describes how to stay
healthy. He also talks about keeping fit.
The present simple is often used in
summaries, such as book or film reviews.
Give similar examples.
Cont…The present simple
I work at sports shop. (It’s a permanent job)
They live in a very nice flat.
The present simple is used for a routine or
situation that we see as permanent.
I always make silly mistakes in exams.
(=I make silly mistakes in every exam)
Always with the present simple means ‘every
time’
Cont…The present simple
I think the weather is so hot today.
I like it.
Why don’t we go out?
We use the present simple in thoughts and
feelings and in negative questions with why to
make a suggestion.
Give similar examples.
Cont…The present simple
I promise I’ll visit you.
I totally agree with you.
The new term starts next week.
The present simple is used in phrases like I
promise, I agree, etc.
Give similar examples.
Cont…The present simple
Note:
In the present simple we use the verb without an ending
• You know the answer.
• Most children like ice-cream.
But with the third person singular(after he, she, it) the
verb ends in s or es
• It gets cold in winter.
• Mona catches the early train.
(after s, sh, ch, o and x we add es)
(passes, washes, catches, goes, mixes)
The present progressive (continuous)
I’m reading a book on wild animals.
The present progressive describes what is
happening now(at the time of speaking) or in
the extended present.
Give similar examples.
Cont…The present progressive
I’m working at a sports shop for six weeks.
At the moment they are living in a very small
flat.
The present progressive is also used for a
routine or situation that we see as
temporary(for a short period)
Give similar examples.
Cont…The present progressive
I’m always making silly mistakes.(= I make silly
mistakes too often)
We can use always with the present
progressive to mean ‘very/too often’ or to
express a negative reaction or situation as in:
He’s always asking silly questions. I wish he’d
stop.
Give similar examples.
Exercise 4. (page 15)
Complete the sentences with the simple present or the
present progressive form of the verbs in parentheses.
2. Kristin (wash) ___ her hair every other day or
so.
3. Tony (sit, usually)____in the front row during
class, but today he (sit) ____ in the last row.
4. Please be quiet. I (try) .______ to concentrate.
2. Washes
3. usually sits . . .is sitting
4. am trying
Cont…Exercise 4. (page 15)
5. (you, lock, always) ________the door to your apartment
when you leave?
6. I wrote to my friend last week. She hasn’t answered my
letter yet. I (wait, still)
____ for a reply.
7. After six days of rain, I’m glad that the sun (shine) _____
today.
8. Every morning, the sun (shine) _____ in my bedroom
window and (wake) ____ me up.
.
5 Do you always lock
6. am still waiting
7. is shining
8. shines . . . wakes
Exercise 7. Warm-up. (page 15)
Choose the correct completions.
1. The chef is in his kitchen right now. He _______
a. cooks
b. is cooking
2. He _______some soup.
a. tastes
b. is tasting
3. It _______ too salty.
a. tastes
b. is tasting
4. He _______ it.
a. doesn’t like b. isn’t liking
State verbs and action verbs
STATES( Stative /non-action verbs)
A state means something staying the same
The flat is clean.
The farmer owns the land.
The box contained old books.
State verbs cannot usually be progressive.
NOT
The farmer is owning the land.
Cont… State verbs and action verbs
ACTIONS
An action means something happening.
I’m cleaning the flat.
The farmer is buying the land.
Action verbs can be simple or progressive.
He put the books in the box.
He was putting everything away.
Some state verbs
be
believe
consist of
contain
depend on
deserve
exist
hate
know
like
love
matter
mean
own
need
prefer
remember
resemble
seem
understand
See your book page 16.
State or action ?
Sometimes we can use a verb
either for a state or for an action.
STATES (simple tenses)
ACTIONS(simple or progressive)
I think you’re right.(=believe)
We have three cars.(=own)
I come from Palestine(=live)
I’m thinking about the problem.
We’re having lunch.(= eating)
I’m coming from Palestine. (=travelling
I usually come on the plan.
Ali is seeing the doctor. (=meeting)
I see Ali quite often.
I’m looking at his picture.
She appeared/was appearing in a film.
They weighed/were weighing my bag.
I’m fitting a lock to the window.
I see your problem.(=understand)
Do you see that house?(=have in sight)
This picture looks nice.
She appears very nervous.(=seems)
The bag weighs five kilos.
The coat fits.(=is the right size)
Exercise 8. Let’s talk. (page 17)
Discuss the differences in meaning of the italicized verbs in
each group of sentences.
1. a. These flowers smell good,
b. James is smelling the flowers.
2. a. I think Roberto is a kind man.
b. I am thinking about this exercise.
3. a. I see a butterfly. Do you see it too?
b. Alex is seeing a doctor about his headaches.
c. Jack and Ann are seeing each other. They go out together
every weekend.
4. a. Astrid looks cold. I ’ll lend her my coat,
b. Tina is looking out the window. She sees a butterfly.
Cont…Exercise 8. Let’s talk. (page 17)
5. a. Sue is feeling the cat’s fur.
b. The cat’s fur feels soft.
c. I m not feeling well today.
d. I feel that it is important to respect other people’s opinions.
6. a. I remember my first teacher. Do you remember yours?
b. Aunt Sara is looking through an old picture album.
She is remembering the wonderful days of her childhood.
7. a. The children want a snack. They’re hungry,
b. Like many kids, our children are often quite noisy when they
play. They’re playing right now in the next room. Hmmm.
They’re being awfully quiet. What do you suppose they’re doing?
8. a. Our son is appearing in a school play this week,
b. The grocer is weighing the bananas. He appears to be busy.
The verb ‘be’
Look at these examples with the verb be about how people behave.
Permanent Quality
Ali is very sociable person.
That man is an idiot.
Temporary Behavior
Mona is being very sociable today.
You are being an idiot this morning.(= You’re behaving like an idiot)
We use am/are/is being only to talk about behavior, not about other
things.
I’m better now, thanks.
Are you ready?
Is anyone interested?
I like/ I’m liking etc
We can use some state verbs in the progressive to talk about a short
period of time.
Permanent State (simple present)
I love/enjoy parties.
I like school.
Holidays cost a lot of money.
Short Period (Progressive)
I’m loving/enjoying this party.
I’m liking school better much now.
This trip is costing me a lot of money.
Sometimes we can use either the simple or the progressive with no
difference in meaning.
You look well, OR You’re looking well.
We feel a bit sad, OR We’re feeling a bit sad.
Exercise 9. (page 17)
Choose the correct completions.
1. This isn’t my notebook. It _______to Mai.
a.) belongs
b. is belonging
2. Ask Ahmed for your notebook. He _______it.
a. has
b. is having
3. Your notebook is over there. Ahmed _______it.
a. holds
b. is holding
4. Look at Olga. She’s smiling and dancing. She _______a good time.
a. has
b. is having
5. Relax. You don’t have to tell me any more about it. I _______you.
a. believe
b. am believing
6. Dinosaurs became extinct a long time ago. They _______anymore.
a. don’t exist
b. aren’t existing
2. a
3. b
4. b
5. a
6. a
□ Exercise 10. (page 17)
Complete the sentences. Use the simple present or the present progressive of the verbs in parentheses.
1. Look. It (begin) ____ to rain. Unfortunately, I (have,
not*)_____my umbrella with me. I (own, not) ____ an
umbrella. Spiro is lucky. He (wear) ____ a raincoat. I
(wear) ____a waterproof hat on rainy days.
2. Right now Martha is in the science building. The
chemistry experiment she (do) ____ is dangerous, so she
(be) _____very careful. She (want, not) ____ to spill any
of the acid. She (be, always) ._____ careful when
she does a chemistry experiment.
1. is beginning . . . don’t have . . . don’t own . . . is wearing . . . wear
2. is doing . . . is being . . . doesn’t want . . . is always
Cont…□ Exercise 10. (page 17)
3. Right now I (look) _____ at Nicole. She (look)
_______ angry. I wonder what’s the matter. She
(have) ______ a frown on her face. She certainly
(have, not) _____ any fun right now.
4. A: How (you, like) ______ the soup? (it, need)
______ more garlic?
B: No, it (taste) ______ delicious. It (remind)
______ me of my grandmother’s soup.
3. am looking . . . looks . . . has . . . isn’t having 4. A: do you like . . . Does it need B: tastes . . . reminds
Cont…□ Exercise 10. (page 17)
5. A: What (you, look) _____ at?
B: You! You (look) _____ like your father.
A: (you, think) ______ so? Many people tell me I (resemble)
_____ my mother.
B: I (see) _____ your father’s face when I look at you.
6. Right now I (look) ____ around the classroom. Yoko (write)
____ in her book. Carlos (bite) _____ his pencil.
Wan-Ning (scratch) ____ his head. Ali (stare) ____ out the
window. He (seem) ____ to be daydreaming, but perhaps he
(think) ____ hard about verb tenses. What (you, think) ____Ali
(do) ____?
5. A: are you looking B: look A: Do you think . . . resemble B: see 6. am looking . . . is writing . . . is biting . . . is scratching . . . is
staring . . . seems . . . is thinking . . . do you think . . . is doing
Regular Verbs: Pronunciation of - ed
Endings
Final -ed has three different pronunciations:
/t/, /d/, and /əd/.
The schwa /ə/ is an unstressed vowel sound.
It is pronounced like a in alone in normal,
rapid speech (e.g., She lives alone.).
(a)
looked -look/t/
clapped - c lap /t/
missed -miss/t/
watched -watch/t/
finished - finish/t/
laughed -laugh/t/
Final -ed is pronounced /t/
after voiceless sounds.
Voiceless sounds are made
by pushing air through
your mouth; no sound
comes from your throat.
Examples of voiceless
sounds: “k,” “p,” “s," “ch,”
“sh," “f.”
(b)
smelled - smell/d/
saved - save/d/
cleaned - clean/d/
robbed - rob/d/
played - play/d/
Final -ed is pronounced /d/
after voiced sounds.
Voiced sounds come from
your throat. If you touch
your neck when you make
a voiced sound, you can
feel your voice box vibrate.
Examples of voiced sounds:
“l," “v,” “n,” “b,” and all
vowel sounds.
(c)
decided - decide/əd/
needed - need/əd/
wanted - want/əd/
invited - invite/əd/
Final -ed is pronounced
/əd/ after “t” and “d”
sounds. The sound /əd /
adds a whole syllable to a
word.
compare:
looked = one syllable look/t/
smelled = one syllable smell/d/
needed = two syllables need/əd/
Exercise 23, p. 28
/t/
chased
fixed
missed
pushed
thanked
worked
/d/
believed
complained
died
played
rained
worried
/Əd/
accepted
needed
requested
Exercise 24 (page 28)
Practice pronouncing the - e d endings.
__combed my hair
__ brushed my teeth
__ cooked breakfast
__ waited for a bus
__ walked to school
__ washed clothes
__ typed an email
__ worked on a computer
__ exercised
__ talked on the phone
__ surfed the internet
__ translated some words
__ added some numbers
__ cleaned my room
__ listened to music
Exercise 25, p. 28.
1. Rita stood under a tree when it began to rain.
2. Rita was standing under a tree when it began
to rain.
Simple Past
&
Past progressive
Refer to your book page 29
Exercise 26. Let’s talk. (page 29)
Choose the question or statement you would expect the speaker to say.
Discuss your answers. Work in pairs, in small groups, or as a class.
1. When I went to bed late last night, I noticed
that the light was on in your bedroom,
a. Were you reading? b. Did you read?
2. Jane’s cousin was at the party last night.
a. Were you meeting him? b. Did you meet him?
1. a
2.b
Cont…Exercise 26. Let’s talk. (page 29)
3. A small airplane flew over our house several
times last night.
a. We were sitting out on the patio, and it made us
nervous.
b. We sat out on the patio, and it made us nervous.
4. I’m not sure if I met Carol Jones at the party last
night. Describe her for me.
a. What was she wearing? b. What did she wear?
3. a
4. a
Exercise 27, p.30
Complete the sentences. Use the simple past or the past progressive of the verbs in parentheses
2. I (call) ____ Roger at nine last night, but he (be,
not) ________at home. He (study) ________ at the
library.
3. I (hear, not) _______ the thunder during the
storm last night because I (sleep) ________ .
4. It was beautiful yesterday when we went for a
walk in the park. The sun (shine) _______ . A cool
breeze (blow) ______ .The birds (sing)_______.
2. called . . . wasn’t . . . was studying
3. didn’t hear . . . was sleeping 4. was shining . . . was blowing . . . were singing
Cont…Exercise 27, p.30
5. My brother and sister (argue) _____ about
something when I (walk) _____ into the room.
6. I got a package in the mail. When I (open)
_______ it, I (find) ______ a surprise.
7. While Mrs. Emerson (read) ____ the little boy
a story, he (fall) _____ asleep, so she (close)
____ the book and quietly (sneak) _____ out of
the room.
5. were arguing . . . walked
6. opened . . . found
7. was reading . . . fell .. . closed . . . sneaked/snuck
Cont…Exercise 27, p.30
8. A: (you, hear) _______ what the teacher just
said?
B: No, I {listen, not) ______ . I (think) ______
about something else.
9. I really enjoyed my last vacation. While it
(snow) ______ in Iowa, the sun (shine) ______in
Florida. While you (shovel) ______ snow in Iowa
all last week, I (lie) _____on a beach in Florida.
8. A: Did you hear
B: wasn’t listening . . . was thinking
9. was snowing . . . was shining . . . were shoveling . . .was lying
Exercise 28 (page 31 )
Complete the sentences with the given verbs and the words in parentheses. Use the simple past or the past
progressive.
1. call, wait
A: Why weren’t you at the meeting?
B: I ______ for an overseas call from my family.
A: (they)__________________________?
B: Yes. It was wonderful to hear from them.
2. break, cross, slip
A: How (you) ______your arm?
B: I _____on the ice while
I _____ the street in front of the dorm.
1. A: was waiting B: Did they call
2. A: did you break B: slipped . . . was crossing
Cont…Exercise 28 (page 31 )
3. find, look, park
A: You’re late again! You were supposed to be here ten minutes ago.
Where were you?
B: I _______ for a place to park.
A: (you) ______ one?
B: Well, yes and no. I _______ my car illegally.
4. ask, decide, look, see, work
A: How did it go? (you)_____ the manager for a raise when you _____
her yesterday?
B: No, she ___ on a big presentation for next week. She_______ pretty
busy. I _________ to wait until later.
3. B: was looking A: Did you find B: parked 4. A: Did you ask . . . saw B: was working . . . looked . . decide
Cont…Exercise 28 (page 31 )
5. drive, get, happen, keep, pay, see
A: I had a bad day yesterday.
B: Oh? What _____
A: I ______ a traffic ticket.
B: Really? That’s too bad. What was it for?
A: For running a red light. I _______ home and
(not) _______ attention to the road. I (not)
____the red light and just _____ driving.
5. B: happened A: got. . . was driving . . . wasn’t paying . . . didn’t see . . . kept
Exercise 33. (page 33)
Check ( / ) the sentences that are correct. What do you notice about the use of
always with verb tenses in these sentences?
1. __ Nadia is always talking on the phone when I’m trying to
study.
2. __ Frank always studies in the library after school.
3. __ My friends always do their homework together.
4. __ Our math teacher is always giving us surprise quizzes.
All the sentences are correct. Always can also be used with the present progressive.
Using Progressive Verbs with Always
Refer to your book page 33
Exercise 36. Warm-up. (page 33)
Read the two short dialogues. What do you notice about the word order? How
is the focus different?
1. A: What was Hans doing when you arrived?
B: He was reading a book in bed.
2. A: Where was Hans when you arrived?
B: He was in bed reading a book.
In A, the focus is on the activity. In B, the focus is on the place.
Using Expressions of Place with
Progressive Verbs
Refer to Your Book page 33
Exercise 37, p. 34
Use the given verbs and expressions of place to complete the dialogues. Use usual word order if the focus is on an activity in progress. If the focus is on the person’s location, put the expression
of place between be and the -ing verb.
3. watch TV\ in his bedroom
A: Where was Jim when you got home?
B: He was ________________________________
4. watch TV \ in his bedroom
A: What was Jim doing when you got home?
B: He was _________________________________
5. take a nap \ on the couch in the living room
A: What’s Kurt doing?
B: He’s _____________________________________
3. in his bedroom watching TV.
4. watching TV in his bedroom.
5. taking a nap on the couch in the living room.
Exercise 37, p. 34
6. take a nap \ on the couch in the living room
A: Where’s Kurt?
B: He’s _______________________
7. attend a conference \ in Singapore
A: Where’s Ms. Chang this week?
B: She’s _______________________
6. on the couch in the living room taking a nap.
7. attending a conference in Singapore.
Exercise 38, p.35
Correct the errors.
1. Breakfast is an important meal. I’m
always eating breakfast.
2. While I was working in my office
yesterday, my cousin stops by to visit
me.
1. Breakfast is an important meal. I always eat breakfast.
2. While I was working in my office yesterday, my cousin stopped by to visit me.
Exercise 38, p.35
3. Yuki staied home because she
catched a bad cold.
4. My brother is looks like our father,
but I am resembling my mother.
3. Yuki stayed home because she caught a bad cold.
4. My brother looks like our father, but I resemble my mother.
5. Jun, are you listen to me? I am talk
to you!
6. While I was surfing the internet
yesterday, I was finding a really
interesting Web site.
5. Jun, are you listening to me? I am talking to you!
6. While I was surfing the internet yesterday, I found a really interesting Web site.
7. Did you spoke English before you were come
here?
8. Yesterday, while I was working at my
computer, Shelley was suddenly coming into the
room. I wasn’t knowing she was there. I was
concentrate hard on my work. When she
suddenly speak, I am jump. She startle me.
7. Did you speak English before you came here?
8. Yesterday, while I was working at my computer, Shelley suddenly came into the room. I didn’t know she was there. I was
concentrating hard on my work. When she suddenly spoke, I jumped. She startled me.