Welcome to PSE 4U
Exercise Science
An Introduction to Health and Physical
Education
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
DAY 1
I know why I am here…..
Why are you here??
Schools
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
DAY 1
• Textbook
• Workbook
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
DAY 1
• Assessment/Evaluation Policy
• Course Outline
• Student Website
• Website: http://thompsonbooks.com/exercisescience/
• Username:studentES
• Password: exsci1234
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
DAY 1
• Expectations
Attendance
Homework
Studying
Communication
“With increased freedom comes the need for increased responsibility!”
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Learning Objectives for Chapter 1
•
•
•
•
•
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Basic terminology of anatomy and physiology
The anatomical position
Anatomical planes
Anatomical axes
Basic movements involving joints
The ten biological systems of the human body
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Basic Terms:
Anatomy: branch of science that deals with the
structural organization of living things-how they
are “built” and what they consist of.
-usually studied in conjunction with physiology:
Physiology: concerned with basic processes such
as reproduction, growth, and metabolism as they
occur within the various systems of the body.
Anatomy is concerned with the structure of the
body and its various organs, and physiology is the
study of how all these parts function.
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Exercise Physiology:
• Concentrates their research specifically
on how the body responds and adapts
to the stresses placed on it by exercise.
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
What is the Anatomical Position?
The anatomical position is:
“the universally accepted starting point used to
describe or analyze anatomical terms or
movement.”
To be in correct anatomical position, the body must
meet 3 criteria:
1.
Upright, standing position
2.
Face and feet pointing forward
3.
Arms at the side, palms facing
forward
But how do we use the anatomical position to describe
movement?
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Before looking specifically at movement, we first
have to understand how to describe movement.
By the end of this lesson you will be introduced to
3 concepts:
1. Planes
2. Axes
3. Position
You will be learning and expected to use a new language from here on in!
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Anatomical Planes
-relate to positions in space and found at right angles to each other
-these planes can be positioned on any specific parts of the body
Frontal(Coronal)
-vertical; divides
the body into front
(anterior) and back
(posterior)
segments
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Frontal section of the human face
Anatomical Planes
-relate to positions in space and found at right angles to each other
-these planes can be positioned on any specific parts of the body
Frontal(Coronal)
-vertical; divides
the body into
anterior and
posterior segments
Sagittal(median)
-vertical; divides the
body into left and
right segments (or
medial and lateral
segments)
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Sagittal view of the human face
Anatomical Planes
-relate to positions in space and found at right angles to each other
-these planes can be positioned on any specific parts of the body
Frontal(Coronal)
-vertical; divides
the body into
anterior and
posterior segments
Sagittal
-vertical; divides
the body into
medial and
lateral segments
Transverse
-horizontal;
divides the
body into upper
(superior) and
lower(inferior)
segments
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Anatomical Axes
-axes are used to describe the direction of movement at joints
- much of our movement occurs via our joints
Longitudinal
-vertical; extends
superior (head)
to inferior (foot)
Antero-posterior
-rotate around
-extends from
front to back
-north-south
relationship to
anatomical
position
-rotate side to
side
-front-back
relationship
Horizontal
- runs from one side of the body to the other
-rotate top to bottom- east-west relationship to
anatomical position
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Finding Axes and Planes
 A body movement can be described in
terms of the anatomical plane through
which it occurs and the anatomical
axis around which it rotates
 Axis of rotation is always
perpendicular to the plane of
movement
 In the anatomical position: all
flexion/extension occurs in the sagittal
plane, all abduction/adduction occurs
in the frontal plane, and all rotation
occurs in the transverse plane
 More involved movements usually
occur as a combination of motions
from more than one plane
Longitudinal Axis
90
Transverse Plane
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
o
Relationship Between Axes and Planes
Axis of Rotation
Plane of Motion
Example
Horizontal (Bilateral)
Sagittal
Flexion/Extension
Longitudinal (Polar)
Transverse
Rotation of
extremities/Axial
rotation
Antero-Posterior
Frontal
Abduction/Adduction
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Helpful Videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=UsZwsjGuDxU
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Twirling
 What is the axis of rotation?
 Longitudinal
 What is the plane of motion?
 Transverse
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Task – get into 5 groups and determine the
Axis and Plane for each movement
Action
Axis
Plane
Stride Jump
Cart Wheel
Elbow Extension
Nodding Head ‘Yes’
Shaking Head ‘No’
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Various Planes of Movement
Action
Axis
Plane
Stride Jump
Antero-Posterior
Frontal
Cart Wheel
Antero-Posterior
Frontal
Elbow extension
Horizontal
Sagittal
Nodding head “yes”
Horizontal
Sagittal
Shaking head “no”
Longitudinal
Transverse
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Describing Position and Movement
 Anterior: front surface of the body
 Posterior: back surface of the body
 Superior: refers to structures being





closer to the top of the body
(excluding limbs)
Inferior: refers to structures being
closer to the lower part of the body
(excluding limbs)
Medial: towards the midline
Lateral: away from the midline
Proximal: towards the upper segment
of a limb
Distal: towards the lower segment of a
limb
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Basic Movements Involving a Joint
Use the information from the following slides to
complete Workbook Exercise 1.3 – Pg.15
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
The Basic Movements of the Human Body
The basic movements of the human body occur around and because of our
joints. You are expected to start using these terms frequently, because no
longer do you “bend”, you “flex”. “Rolling” your ankle becomes an ankle
“inversion”. And “pointing” your toe, will now be referred to as “plantar
flexion”
Flexion
-bending the joint to reduce the
angle between two bones.
-occurs in the sagittal plane
Extension
-straightening a joint to
increase the angle
-occurs in the sagittal plane
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Abduction
-movement away from the midline of
the body
-occurs in the frontal plane
Adduction
-movement towards the midline of the
body
-occurs in the frontal plane
Circumduction
-a circular motion combining flexion, extension,
abduction and adduction
-occurs in all 3 planes
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Internal (Medial) Rotation
-moves anterior part of a limb medially
(towards midline)
-occurs in the transverse plane
External (Lateral) Rotation
-moves anterior part of a limb
laterally (away from midline)
-occurs in the transverse plane
Pronation
-rotation of hand; bring thumb towards
midline; palm facing back
-occurs in transverse plane
Supination
-rotation of hand; bring thumb away
from midline; palm facing forward
-occurs in transverse plane
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Dorsiflexion
-movement of ankle to decrease
angle between foot and lower leg
-occurs in sagittal plane
Plantarflexion
-movement of ankle to increase
angle between foot and lower leg
-occurs in sagittal plane
Inversion
-medial border of foot is raised; sole
of foot turned medially (inward)
-occurs in frontal plane
Eversion
-lateral border of foot raised; sole of
foot turned laterally (outward)
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Protraction
-moving in an anterior
(forward) direction
-occurs in sagittal plane
Retraction
-moving in a posterior
(backward) direction
-occurs in sagittal plane
Oppostion
-thumb comes into contact with
another finger
Reposition
-return thumb to anatomical position
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This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Elevation
-raising up to a more superior position
-occurs in frontal plane
Depression
-pulling down to a more inferior position
-occurs in frontal plane
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.
Homework
• Complete exercise 1.2 pg. 12-14 &
exercise 1.4 page 16.
• Quiz Next Class
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material.
This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook.