Chapter 8
Tobacco
Lesson 1
The Respiratory System
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DO NOW:
1.Define STDs.
2. Choose a STD and write down
few symptoms about it.
Essential Question:
1. How does drug use affect your future?
Enduring Understanding:
1. The student will understand that the use of
tobacco other drugs have negative effects on
the body systems.
 respiratory The organs that supply your blood with oxygen
system
bronchi
lungs
Two passageways that branch from the trachea, one to
each lung
Two large organs that exchange oxygen and
carbon dioxide
In this lesson, students will be able to
 explain why you need oxygen to live.
 name the parts of the respiratory system.
 describe the breathing process.
 identify problems of the respiratory system.
You Need Oxygen to Live
Your respiratory system ensures that your body
gets the oxygen it needs.
respiratory system The organs that supply your blood with oxygen
Oxygen gets into the body by breathing in.
Parts of Your Respiratory System
The main parts of the respiratory system are:
Mouth
Nose
Trachea
trachea A passageway in your throat that takes air
into and out of your lungs
Parts of Your Respiratory System
The main parts of the respiratory system are:
Epiglottis
Bronchi
epiglottis A flap of tissue in the back of your mouth that
keeps food out of your trachea
bronchi Two passageways that branch from the trachea,
one to each lung
Parts of Your Respiratory System
The main parts of the respiratory system are:
Lungs
Diaphragm
lungs Two large organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
diaphragm A large, dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that
expands and compresses the lungs, enabling breathing
The Breathing Process
Problems of the Respiratory System
Tobacco smoke, chemicals, germs, and air pollution
are all harmful to your health because they can
damage the many parts of the respiratory system.
Cancer
Healthy
Lung
Cancerous
Lung
Cancer
Smoking
Mouth
Cancer
Throat
Cancer
Lung
Cancer
Kidney
Cancer
Bladder
Cancer
Cancer
Smokeless
Tobacco
Mouth
Cancer
Head
Cancer
Neck
Cancer
The smokeless tobacco user has a higher risk of
developing cancer than a smoker does.
Tips for Taking Care of Your Respiratory System
Avoid tobacco use.
Stay away from people who smoke. Don’t go places where the air is smoky.
Take care of your body when you have a cold, the flu, or any respiratory illness.
Drink plenty of fluids.
Take deep, full breaths.
Eat a healthful diet.
Get outside and breath fresh air.
Pay attention to any allergy alerts, ozone alerts, and pollution alerts in your area.
Be physically active on a regular basis.
Chapter 8
Tobacco
Lesson 2
How Tobacco Affects
the Body
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 alveoli
The tiny air sacs in the lungs
 emphysema
A disease that results in the destruction of the
alveoli in the lungs
In this lesson, you will be able to
 identify the harmful ingredients in tobacco smoke.
 describe how tobacco affects the body.
 apply the skill of advocacy to encourage someone to be
tobacco free.
Facts About Tobacco
4,000 Harmful
Chemicals!
One puff of
tobacco smoke
=
In the United States, more than 400,000 people die every year
from smoking-related illnesses.
What Is In Tobacco?
Tobacco products contain poisonous substances
such as nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide.
nicotine An addictive, or habit-forming, drug found in tobacco
tar A thick, dark liquid that forms when tobacco burns
carbon monoxide A colorless, odorless, poisonous gas produced
when tobacco burns
What Is In Tobacco?
Cyanide
Formaldehyde
A deadly poison
found in pest
control products.
A burning, stinging
gas used as a
preservative
in laboratories.
Causes nasal
cancer.
Methyl Ethyl
Ketone
Used in solvents.
Harms the central
nervous system.
Polonium 210
An element known
to cause cancer.
Forms of Tobacco
Cigarettes
• Filters do not keep out
harmful chemicals.
• Flavored cigarettes
have more chemicals
than non-flavored
cigarettes.
Cigars and Pipes
Smokeless Tobacco
• Cigar smoke is more
harmful than cigarette
smoke.
• The two forms are
chewing tobacco and
snuff.
• Smokers of cigars and
pipes are more likely to
get mouth, tongue, or
lip cancer than people
who don’t smoke.
• Nicotine is absorbed
into the body through
the digestive tract.
• Smokeless tobacco is
just as harmful and
addictive as cigarettes.
DO NOW
What are some healthy alternatives that will
enable you to be drug-free?
Name at least 3 chemicals found in a puff of
tobacco.
Tobacco Affects Body Systems
Some of the effects of using tobacco include:
Bad breath
Bad odor in hair and clothes
Increased heart rate
Increased blood pressure
Getting sick more often and longer
Decreased ability to run as far or as fast
Respiratory System
Breathing in tobacco smoke damages the alveoli,
which can lead to emphysema.
alveoli The tiny air sacs in the lungs
emphysema A disease that results in the destruction of the
alveoli in the lungs
Digestive System
Smoking can lead to mouth and stomach ulcers,
which are painful, open sores.
Smoking increases the chances that you will get
cavities and gum disease.
Nervous System
The brain adapts to nicotine by increasing the
number of nicotine receptors.
This causes tobacco users to need more tobacco.
Circulatory System
As a person smokes, blood vessels constrict.
Over time, the blood vessels can harden, which
can lead to heart attack, stroke, or coronary heart
disease.
Excretory System
SMOKE
CHEMICALS
Lungs
Blood
Kidneys
And Urine
Bladder damage and
increased risk of
colorectal cancer
Chapter 8
Tobacco
Lesson 3
Tobacco Use and Teens
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Essential Questions:
1.How does drug use affect your future?
2.What are the benefits of staying drug-free?
Enduring Understandings:
Students will understand that alcohol has serious
short and long term effects.
Students will understand that there are many healthy
alternatives that will help them to stay drug-free.
physical
dependence
 withdrawal
An addiction in which the body develops a
chemical need for a drug.
The unpleasant symptoms that someone
experiences when he or she stops using an
addictive substance
 psychological A person’s belief that he or she needs a drug
dependence
to feel good or function normally
target audience A group of people for which a product is intended
In this lesson, students will be able to
 identify reasons why teens use tobacco.
 explain how a person can become addicted to nicotine.
 describe how antismoking efforts are helping teens stay
tobacco free.
 apply accessing-information skills to find health information on
quitting tobacco use.
Why Do Teens Begin Using Tobacco?
Tobacco Addiction
Tobacco contains nicotine. Nicotine causes
addiction.
addiction A mental or physical need for a drug or
other substance
Nicotine is as addictive as cocaine and heroin.
Tobacco Addiction
Anyone who stops using nicotine goes through
withdrawal.
withdrawal The unpleasant symptoms that someone
experiences when he or she stops using an
addictive substance
Psychological Dependence
Psychological dependence on tobacco creates a
need that outweighs the fear of tobacco’s effects.
psychological dependence A person’s belief that he or she needs
a drug to feel good or function normally
Physical Dependence
Teens can develop a physical dependence on
nicotine much more easily than adults can.
physical dependence An addiction in which the body develops a
chemical need for a drug
Physical Dependence
The body’s tolerance for nicotine increases over
time.
tolerance The body’s need for larger and larger amounts of a
drug to produce the same effect
Tobacco Advertising
Tobacco advertisements can strongly affect teens by
making teens feel that it’s fun or cool to use tobacco.
Targeting Teens
Teens are a good target audience for tobacco
companies.
target audience A group of people for which a product is intended
Tobacco companies want teens to become lifelong
tobacco users.
Targeting Teens
Media literacy can help teens understand the validity
of messages that come from advertisers.
media literacy The ability to understand the goals of
advertising and the media
Targeting Teens
Tobacco companies try to inspire brand loyalty.
Brand loyalty is the attachment a person has to a
certain brand of product.
Targeting Teens
Advertisers use product placement to sell tobacco to
teens.
product placement A paid arrangement a company has
made to show its products in media such
as television or film
Targeting Teens
Advertisers use sporting events to target teens.
Tobacco companies sponsor sporting events knowing
that teens will see their advertisements.
Antismoking Efforts
More and more teens want to stay healthy by
avoiding tobacco use.
Thanks to antismoking efforts, most teens and adults
are in favor of a tobacco-free society.
Legal Bans on Tobacco Ads
Tobacco companies are not allowed to place
outdoor advertisements within 1,000 feet of
schools and playgrounds.
Tobacco companies cannot make or sell hats,
T-shirts, and other items.
Cigarette advertisements cannot appear on radio
and television.
Legal Bans on Tobacco Ads
Antismoking Ad Campaigns
Antismoking ad campaigns urge teens to avoid
tobacco use.
Antismoking ad campaigns urge smokers to see the
dangers of tobacco and to seek help quitting.
Chapter 8
Tobacco
Lesson 4
Tobacco Use and Society
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 passive
smoker
Nonsmokers who breathe in secondhand smoke
In this lesson, you will be able to
 list the effects of tobacco use on nonsmokers.
 describe the consequences of passive smoking.
 explain the rights of nonsmokers.
 access reliable information about groups that help promote a
tobacco-free lifestyle.
Finding the Main Idea
Take a look at the major
headings in this lesson.
For each heading, write
one sentence that states
the main idea.
Main Headings in this Lesson
• Tobacco’s Effect on Nonsmokers
• Rights of Nonsmokers
• Hidden Costs to Society
Tobacco’s Effects on Nonsmokers
When people smoke near you, you breath
secondhand smoke.
secondhand smoke Air that has been contaminated by
tobacco smoke
Secondhand smoke is also called environmental
tobacco smoke (ETS).
Tobacco’s Effects on Nonsmokers
People who are around secondhand smoke are
passive smokers.
passive smokers Nonsmokers who breathe in
secondhand smoke
Health Hazards to Adults, Children, and
Unborn Babies
Each year, an estimated 53,000 people in the United
States die as a result of passive smoking.
When children are exposed to secondhand smoke,
they are more likely to have respiratory and other
problems.
Health Hazards to Adults, Children, and
Unborn Babies
Pregnant women who smoke have more
miscarriages and stillbirths, as well as babies with
low birth weight.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome is linked to babies
who had mothers who smoked during or after
pregnancy.
Rights of Nonsmokers
You have the right to breathe air
that is free of tobacco smoke.
You have the right to protect
yourself from secondhand smoke.
Legal Restrictions on Smoking
In 1989, smoking was outlawed on domestic
airplane flights.
Nearly all states have laws that limit smoking.
Laws control how tobacco companies package
and sell cigarettes.
– Packages must have clear warning labels, or
disclaimers
Hidden Costs to Society
Tobacco-related illnesses:
1.Lung
cancer
2.Emphysema
3.Other
types of cancer as well and lung problems.
Lesson 4 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary Define sidestream smoke and
mainstream smoke.
Lesson 4 Review
What I Learned
Explain Describe the effects smoking can have on an
unborn baby.
Lesson 4 Review
What I Learned
Identify List some legal bans that the government
places on tobacco.
Lesson 4 Review
What I Learned
Explain Why do tobacco users pay more for health
insurance?
Lesson 4 Review
Thinking Critically
Analyze How have the laws that were passed to
protect people from secondhand smoke helped people
to protect their health?
Lesson 4 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply Imagine that you are sitting in the nonsmoking
section of a restaurant. What would you do if the smoke
from the smoking section bothered you?
Chapter 9
Alcohol
Lesson 1
Alcohol Use and Abuse
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Do Now
Name some negative consequences related to
tobacco use.
Name at least 2 facts that you learned with the
movie last class.
Essential Question:
Why do you think teens start using alcohol?
Enduring Understanding:
Students will understand that alcohol has serious
short and long term effects.
 alcohol
A drug created by a chemical reaction in some
foods, especially fruits and grains
In this lesson, you will be able to
 identify the dangers of alcohol.
 describe the short-term effects of alcohol use.
 explain ways that alcohol use can damage body systems.
 apply accessing-information skills to find facts about alcohol abuse.
Alcohol: What Is It?
Alcohol is an addictive drug.
alcohol A drug created by a chemical reaction in some
foods, especially fruits and grains
Alcohol affects a person physically, mentally,
emotionally, and socially.
Why Using Alcohol is Dangerous?
Forms of Alcohol
Beer
Wine
Liquor
Contains Ethanol, which
forms when the sugars
from fruits, grains, or
vegetables are
fermented with yeast
The Dangers of Alcohol Use
Alcohol is a depressant, a drug that can slow down
the activity of the brain and nervous system.
How Bad Is Alcohol?
Judgment
gets worse
Loss of control
of motor skills
Increased chance
of disease
How Alcohol Affects Individuals
Some people can drink more alcohol than others
before they become intoxicated.
intoxicated Being drunk
A person is intoxicated when he or she feels the
effects of drinking alcohol.
How Alcohol Affects Individuals
Blood Alcohol Concentration: The amount of
alcohol in the blood
In most states, a person is legally intoxicated when
the BAC is greater than 0.08 percent.
Draw the diagram below.
Body Organ
Immediate Effects
Long Effects
Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Use
Long-term effects of alcohol use include:
Cirrhosis
Ulcers
Fetal alcohol syndrome
cirrhosis The scarring and destruction of liver tissue
ulcers An open sore in the stomach lining
Alcohol is Addictive
Over time, the need for alcohol may become so
strong that a person may feel sick without it.
In a person who is addicted to alcohol, using alcohol
becomes the most important part of his or her life.
Alcohol Abuse
Alcohol abuse can lead to a disease known as
alcoholism.
alcohol abuse Using alcohol in ways that are
unhealthy, illegal, or both
alcoholism A disease in which a person has a
physical and psychological need for alcohol
Alcoholism
People suffering from alcoholism are known as
alcoholics.
Alcoholics can help themselves by seeking proper
medical help for their disease.
Alcoholism
Alcoholics drink more
experience its effects.
and more alcohol to
To an alcoholic, alcohol may become more
important than family, friends, and work.
Substance Abuse /Performance Task (75 Points)
You are a journalist for your school’s newspaper.
Your job is to write a newspaper-style article for
your school newspaper about a particular illicit
drug. Provide basic information about the drug and
identify the frequency of use and reasons why
students should avoid the substance.
Category
Completed project in a
newspaper-style format
Type of drug, history,
what it is
Side of effects on your
health trianglemental/emotional,
social, and physical
Frequency of use is
identified by statistics
on drug
Benefits of staying
drug free
Outstanding (15pts)
Student completes project using a
newspaper-style format.
Student identifies all three
elements-type of drug, history of
drug, and what it is
Student provides all three
elements related to the health
triangle.
Student provides three statistics
on the frequency of drug use.
Student provides three benefits of
a drug-free lifestyle.
Chapter 9
Alcohol
Lesson 3
Alcohol Use and Teens
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Essential Questions:
How does alcohol use affect your future?
What are the benefits of staying alcohol-free?
Enduring Understandings:
Students will understand that alcohol has serious
short and long term effects.
Students will understand that there are many
healthy alternatives that will help them to stay drugfree.
TRUE OR FALSE
Some of the main symptoms of alcohol
withdrawal are feeling nervous, shakiness,
irritability, depression, and also black-outs.
Withdrawal: it is a series of painful
physical and emotional symptoms
associated with recovery from an
addictive substance.
In this lesson, you will be able to
 describe reasons why some teens may choose to use alcohol.
 explain why alcohol is harmful to teens.
 demonstrate positive ways to handle difficult emotions.
In this lesson, you will be able to
 describe reasons why some teens may choose to use alcohol.
 explain why alcohol is harmful to teens.
 demonstrate positive ways to handle difficult emotions.
Let’s us think.
•Why Do Some Teens Use Alcohol?
•Why Is Alcohol Harmful to Teens?
Why Do Some Teens Use Alcohol?
Curiosity
They think it will
make them
popular
They think it will
make them more
adult
They think it will
make them more
relaxed
They seek relief
from painful or
confusing emotions
Alcohol in the Media
In television commercials or movies, using alcohol is
often made to look fun and exciting.
Peer Pressure
Some teens may choose to drink in order to fit in or
to not be embarrassed in front of their friends.
Peer Pressure
Binge drinking can cause breathing to stop, a
dangerous lowering of heartbeat, and death.
binge drinking Having several drinks in a
short period of time
Why Is Alcohol Harmful to Teens?
Damage to
health
Peer pressure
Alcohol
Strong emotions
Make handling
emotions and peer
pressure harder
Teens Are Still Growing
When teens use alcohol, their bodies and brains do
not develop properly.
They also run the risk of damaging their nervous
systems.
Alcohol Can Affect Emotions
Alcohol can not solve the problem of emotional
swings, boredom, sadness, or other emotions.
Because alcohol will cause more problems, it is
better to talk to an adult they trust and find effective
strategies for managing stress.
Underage Drinking Is Illegal
It is illegal for a minor to use alcohol.
minor A person under the age of adult rights
and responsibilities
Minors found buying or having alcohol can be
arrested and fined.
Chapter 9
Alcohol
Lesson 4
Alcohol Use and
Society
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 violence
An act of physical force resulting in injury or abuse
In this lesson, you will be able to
 describe how alcohol may affect the user’s decisions.
 explain how using alcohol can affect a person’s relationships.
 describe how using alcohol can lead to violence.
 apply decision-making skills to help someone get help for
alcohol abuse.
Predicting
Headings in this Lesson
Look at the headings in this
• Other Risks of Alcohol Use
lesson. Write a question that
• Alcohol Use Affect Decisions
you think the lesson will
• Driving Drunk
answer. After reading, check
• Alcohol Use Affects Relationships
to see if your question was
• Alcohol Use and the Family
answered.
• Alcohol Use and Violence
Other Risks of Alcohol Use
Schoolwork
Decision-Making
Relationships
Alcohol Use Affects Decisions
A person under the influence of alcohol might take
risks that he or she would not normally take.
Students Against Destructive
Decisions (SADD) promotes
good decision making among teens.
Driving Drunk
A person who uses alcohol experiences a loss
of coordination, concentration, and visual
awareness.
Drinking and driving can
result in a crash, which could
result in serious injury or
death.
Alcohol Use Affects Relationships
Teens who use alcohol often find that they lose
friends.
Because they push away the people in their lives,
people who abuse alcohol may become very lonely.
Alcohol Use and the Family
A whole family can suffer when one member abuses
alcohol.
A teen who abuses alcohol cannot be counted on to
give emotional support to family members who need
it, or to keep promises.
Alcohol Use and Violence
Mood swings caused by alcohol abuse can lead to
violence.
violence An act of physical force resulting in
injury or abuse
People who become violent when they’re using
alcohol are often covering up difficult emotions.
Chapter 9
Alcohol
Lesson 5
Saying No to Alcohol Use
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 refusal skills
Strategies that help you say no effectively
 withdrawal
A series of painful physical and mental
symptoms associated with recovery from an
addictive substance
In this lesson, you will be able to
 identify reasons not to use alcohol.
 list some alternatives to drinking alcohol.
 explain how to get help for alcohol use.
 apply refusal skills to avoid alcohol use
Read
Look at the headings in this
lesson. For each of the major
Main Headings in this Lesson
• Reasons to Refuse Alcohol
• How to Say No to Alcohol Use
headings, write one sentence
that states the main idea.
• Getting Help for Alcohol Abuse
• Healthy Alternatives
Reasons to Refuse Alcohol
Increased
Self-Respect
High
Self-Esteem
Good
Friendships
Better
Relationships
with Your Family
Control Over
Your Life
Maintaining a
High Level of
Wellness
A Bright Future
How to Say No to Alcohol Use
Use refusal skills to help you avoid situations
where alcohol use is taking place.
refusal skills Strategies that help you say no effectively
How to Say No to Alcohol Use
S
Say no firmly.
T
Tell why not.
O
Offer another idea.
P
Promptly leave.
Respect
Choosing to be alcohol free shows that you respect
yourself. Create a pledge list that lists your reasons for
choosing to avoid alcohol. Sign and date your pledge.
Getting Help for Alcohol Abuse
Some alcoholics may not want to quit using
alcohol because they are afraid of going through
withdrawal.
withdrawal A series of painful physical and mental symptoms
associated with recovery from an addictive substance
Getting Help for Alcohol Abuse
Sources of help for yourself, a friend, or a family
member who has an alcohol problem include:
Parent, teacher, religious leader, or school
counselor
Support groups or alcohol treatment centers
Healthy Alternatives
Join a club or sports group at school.
Volunteer at a local organization, such as a food
bank or animal shelter.
Start a hobby that you can share with your
friends.
Remember: Alcohol will never help you reach your goals.
Chapter 10
Drugs
Lesson 1
Drug Use and Abuse
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Essential Questions:
How does drug use affect your future?
Why do some teens experiment drugs even
though they know drugs are harmful to their
bodies?
Enduring Understandings:
Students will understand that there are many
different types of drugs.
Students will understand that drugs cause serious
short and long term effects.
True or False
1. 85% of teens say they know where to get marijuana.
2. 55% of teens know how to get amphetamines.
3. 29% of students say that someone has "offered, sold, or
given them an illegal drug on school property."
drug
It is a substance other than
food that changes the
structure or function of the
body or mind.
 drug
A substance other than food that changes the
structure or function of the body or mind
 over-thecounter
Found on the shelves of local pharmacy or
grocery stores
 drug misuse
Taking or using medicine in a way that is not
intended
 drug abuse
Intentionally using drugs in a way that is
unhealthful or illegal
In this lesson, you will be able to
 define drug.
 describe drug abuse.
 identify risks associated with drug use.
 apply the decision-making steps to make a healthful choice
about taking medicine.
What Is a Drug?
Most teens know the risks involved with drug use.
drug A substance other than food that changes the
structure of the body or mind
Most teens avoid drugs that are illegal or that are not
given by their doctor.
Drugs as Medicine
Many drugs that prevent or cure illnesses or treat
symptoms are available over-the-counter (OTC).
over-the-counter Found on the shelves of local
pharmacy or grocery stores
Prescription medicines can be legally obtained only
with a doctor’s written permission.
Drug Use
Even helpful medicines and pain relievers found at
your local drugstore can be harmful if they are used
incorrectly or without the permission of your doctor.
Combining medicines without a doctor’s permission
can be very dangerous.
Drug Misuse and Abuse
Drug misuse may involve taking too much of a drug
or taking a medication prescribed for someone else.
drug misuse Taking or using medicine in a way that is not intended
Misuse of drugs can lead to drug abuse.
drug abuse Intentionally using drugs in a way that is unhealthful
or illegal
Drug Misuse and Abuse
Fewer people are using illegal drugs.
More people are misusing prescription drugs.
Recognizing the Risks
Risks to Physical Health
Risks to Mental/Emotional Health
Damage to the brain and nervous system
Weakened ability to think and learn
Feelings of nausea or confusion
Low self-esteem
Loss of ability to walk or talk
Decrease ability to relate to others
Memory loss
Risks to Social Health
Seizure
Personality changes
Coma
Mood swings
Death
Losing touch with feelings
Drug addiction
Losing touch with family and friends
Drug Use and Depression
Drug users may suffer from
depression, a state of being
sad or having feelings of
hopelessness. This term comes
from the Latin word deprimere,
which means “to press down.”
Chapter 10
Drugs
Lesson 2
Types of Drugs and
Their Effects
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 tolerance
The body’s need for larger and larger amounts of
a drug to produce the same effect
 overdose
Taking more of a drug than the body can tolerate
 stimulants
A drug that speeds up the body’s functions
 amphetamines
Strong stimulant drugs that speed up the nervous
system
 depressants
Drugs that slow down the body’s functions and
reactions, including heart and breathing rates
 club drugs
Illegal drugs that are found mostly in nightclubs or
at all-night dance parties called raves
 narcotics
Drugs that get rid of pain and dull the senses
 hallucinogens
Drugs that slow down the body’s functions and
reactions, including heart and breathing rates
 inhalants
The vapors of chemicals that are sniffed or
inhaled to get a “high”
In this lesson, you will be able to
 explain how different drugs affect the body.
 identify the dangers of different drugs.
 describe the effects of drugs on an unborn baby.
 access reliable information on drug use and pregnancy.
Predicting
Look over the main headings
in this lesson. Write a question
that you think the lesson will
answer. After the lesson,
check to see if your question
was answered.
Main Headings in this Lesson
• Drug Use and the Body
• Types of Drugs
• Inhalants
• The Effects of Drugs on
Unborn Babies
Drug Use and the Body
When a person uses a drug over time, he or she can
develop a tolerance to the drug.
tolerance The body’s need for larger and larger
amounts of a drug to produce the same effect
Drug Use and the Body
People can overdose on a drug.
overdose Taking more of a drug than the
body can handle
Types of Drugs
Stimulants
Depressants
Club Drugs
Narcotics
All types of drugs can be harmful to your physical,
mental/emotional, and social health.
Hallucinogens
Stimulants
When a stimulant wears off, the user often feels
exhausted and irritable.
stimulant A drug that speeds up the body’s functions
Stimulants affect a person’s mental/emotional health
by giving a false sense of energy, well-being,
confidence, and power.
Stimulants
Amphetamines are also called speed.
amphetamines Strong stimulant drugs that speed up the
nervous system
Examples of amphetamines include
methamphetamine, cocaine, and crack.
Depressants
Depressants do the opposite of stimulants.
depressants Drugs that slow down the body’s functions and
reactions, including heart and breathing rates
Depressants can affect a person mentally and
emotionally by giving a false sense of well-being
through reduced anxiety and relaxation.
Depressants
Examples of depressants include tranquilizers,
barbiturates, and alcohol.
Misuse and abuse of depressants can lead to coma
or even death.
Effects of Stimulants and Depressants
Effects/Possibility
of Addiction
Stimulants
Depressants
Physical effects
Speeds up body functions, such
as heart rate, breathing rate, and
blood pressure
Slow down body functions, such
as coordination
Mental/emotional
effects
False sense of energy, wellbeing, confidence, and power
False sense of well-being through
reduced anxiety and relaxation
Effects when the
drugs wear off
Exhaustion and mental
imbalance
Depression, mood swings
Addictive?
Yes
Yes
Marijuana
Marijuana is also known as “pot” or “weed.”
For some people, marijuana is a stimulant. For
others, it is a depressant.
Marijuana
Long-term effects of marijuana use include:
Lung damage
Low testosterone levels in males
Sperm reduction in males
Irregular periods in females
Club Drugs
Club drugs are often made in home laboratories
and mixed with other harmful chemicals.
club drugs Illegal drugs that are found mostly in nightclubs
or at all-night dances parties called raves
Club Drugs
Ecstasy
Rohypnol
Ketamine
• Also known as “X”
• Increase heart rate
and body temperature
• Also known as the
date-rape drug or
“roofies”
• Also known as
“special K”
• Is an anesthetic
• Can damage organs
• Can make a person
feel anxious and
paranoid
• Causes a drop in
blood pressure
• Causes blackouts
• Causes memory loss
• Causes hallucinations
• Causes memory loss
• An overdose can
cause a person to
stop breathing
• Causes death in many
teens who use it
Narcotics
Narcotics are highly addictive drugs.
narcotics Drugs that get rid of pain and dull the senses
Morphine, codeine, and heroin are examples of
narcotics.
Narcotics
Hallucinogens cause people to become disoriented,
confused, or less sensitive to pain.
hallucinogens Drugs that distort moods, thoughts,
and senses
Hallucinogens may create imaginary images in the
user’s mind.
Inhalants
Inhalants cause extreme permanent damage to the
brain.
inhalants The vapors of chemicals that are sniffed
or inhaled to get a “high”
Most inhalants come from household products that
are not meant to be taken into the body.
Steroids
Steroids are drugs that are either human hormones
or similar to hormones found in the human body.
People who use steroids may have problems
controlling their anger.
Steroids
The effects of steroid use include:
Shrunken testicles in males
Deeper voices, excess facial hair, and a
masculine-looking body for females
Increased risk of heart disease, high blood
pressure, stroke, cancer, sterility, hair loss,
severe acne, liver damage, kidney damage, and
depression
The Effects of Drugs on Unborn Babies
Pregnant females who use drugs, alcohol, or
tobacco often give birth to low-weight babies and
babies with brain problems.
A pregnant female who shares needles with other
heroin users risks infecting herself and her baby with
HIV.