CHAPTER 4 STUDY GUIDE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Part 1: Vocabulary
1) ecosystem (pg. 99):
2) biotic factor (pg. 100):
3) abiotic factor (pg. 100):
4) organism (pg. 101):
5) species (pg. 101):
6) population (pg. 101):
7) community (pg. 102):
8) habitat (pg. 102):
9) natural selection (pg. 103):
10) evolution (pg. 103):
11) adaptation (pg. 105):
12) artificial selection (pg. 106):
13) resistance (pg. 107):
14) archaebateria (pg. 108):
15) eubacteria (pg. 108):
16) fungus (pg. 109):
17) protist (pg. 110):
18) gymnosperm (pg. 111):
19) angiosperm (pg. 111):
20) invertebrate (pg. 112):
21) vertebrate (pg. 113):
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CHAPTER 4 STUDY GUIDE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Part 2: Section Reviews
(Section 1 Review, pg. 102)
1. List the abiotic and biotic factors you see in the northern ecosystem in Figure 3 (pg. 100).
Abiotic: _______________________________________________________________________________
Biotic: ________________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe a population not mentioned in this section. ____________________________________________
3. Describe which factors of an ecosystem are not part of a community. _______________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Explain the difference between a population and a species. ______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(Section 2 Review, pg. 107)
1. Explain what an adaptation is, and provide three examples.
Adaptation: ____________________________
__________________________________________ ex 1: _______________________________________
ex 2: ___________________________________ ex 3: ________________________________________
2. Explain the process of evolution by natural selection. ___________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Describe two ways in which artificial selection can benefit humans.
__________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Explain how a population of insects could become resistant to a pesticide. ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(Section 3 Review, pg. 113)
1. Describe how animals and angiosperms depend on each other. Write a short paragraph to explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe the importance of protists in the ocean. ______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
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CHAPTER 4 STUDY GUIDE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
3. Name the six kingdoms of life, and give to characteristics of each.
a. ____________________ ; ex 1: __________________________ ex 2: __________________________
b. ____________________ ; ex 1: __________________________ ex 2: __________________________
c. ____________________ ; ex 1: __________________________ ex 2: __________________________
d. ____________________ ; ex 1: __________________________ ex 2: __________________________
e. ____________________ ; ex 1: __________________________ ex 2: __________________________
f. ____________________ ; ex 1: __________________________ ex 2: __________________________
4. Why are bacteria and fungi important to the environment? _______________________________________
(Practice Multiple Choice, pg. 115)
10. Which of the following pairs of organisms belong to the same population?
a. a dog and a cat
b. a marigold and a geranium
c. a human mother and her child
d. a spider and a cockroach
11. Which of these phrases does not describe part of the process of evolution by natural selection?
a. the environment contains
b. organisms produce more offspring than will survive to reproduce
c. communities include populations of several species
d. organisms in a population differ in their traits
12. Which of the following components of an ecosystem are not abiotic factors?
a. wind
b. small rocks
c. sunlight
d. tree branches
13. Some snakes produce a powerful poison that paralyzes their prey. This poison is an example of:
a. resistance
b. as adaptation
c. a reptile
d. an abiotic factor
14. Angiosperms called roses come in a variety of shapes and colors as a result of:
a. natural selection
b. coevolution
c. different ecosystems
d. artificial selection
15. Single-celled organisms that live in swamps and produce methane gas are:
a. protists
b. archaebacteria
c. fungi
16. Which of the following statements about protists is not true?
a. Most of them live in water
b. Some of them cause disease in humans
c. They contain genetic material
d. Their cells have no nucleus
17. Which off the following statements about plants is not true?
a. They make their food from oxygen and water through photosynthesis
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d. eubacteria
CHAPTER 4 STUDY GUIDE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
b. Land plants have cell walls that help hold their stems upright
c. They have adaptations that help prevent water loss
d. Plants absorb nutrients through their roots
Example Food Web (8 species)
Identify in your food web:
Drawing Here:
1. Producers
2. Primary Consumers
3. Secondary Consumers
4. Tertiary Consumers
5. Producers/Autotrophs
6. Herbivores
7. Carnivores
8. Omnivores
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