Should be no more than 12 words.
 Should be centered.
 Should be in upper and lower case and
have no unnecessary words or
abbreviations.
 Running head: TITLE IN CAPITAL LETTERS.
 Page numbers.
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The abstract is most likely the single most
important paragraph in a scholarly
paper. It is a comprehensive summary
and should provide the reader with an
idea of what the article/paper is about.
NEVER type Introduction as a header in
a scholarly paper. This fact is
acknowledged by the position of this
information in the paper.
 The introduction should introduce the
problem or purpose of the paper.
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The main text should be divided in thoughts that
demonstrate logical flow.
There is correct word choice, punctuation, spelling,
correct pronoun use, consistent verb tenses,
scholarly tone rather than informal tone.
Commas, semicolon, colon, and periods.
My favorite bike rides include PALM, Pedal Across
Lower Michigan; Dalmac, Dick Allen Lansing to
Mackinaw; and GRABAAWR, Great Annual Bicycle
Adventure along the Wisconsin River.
New York, NY: Lippincott
References should be included for all
statements made that are not original
thoughts or common knowledge.
 Direct Quote
 Block Quote
 Personal communications.
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How many authors does our source have?
› According to Zielinski and Van Zoeren (2013)….
› According to Zielinski, Van Zoeren, and Smith
(2013), . . . In addition, . . . a reliable alternative
(Zielinski et al., (2013).
How do you cite a specific part of a source?
› According to Van Zoeren (2013), “APA can
prove to be . . . and difficult to grasp” (p. 28).
Personal communication? According to L. Van
Zoeren (personal communication, July, 25, 2012
A reference list is required at the end of a
scholarly paper and should have the entire
resources used in the paper listed.
 Start on a new page and title References.
 Is centered with upper and lower case
letters.
 Double space all references and using the
hanging indent format:
American Psychological Association (2010)
Publication manual of the American
Psychological Association (6th ed.)
Washington, DC: APA.
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APA, 2010
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Setting type face at Times New Roman
12 font
1 inch margins
Numbered pages
Abstract
Introduction
Body of paper
Proper grammar and spelling
Level headers
Conclusion
References
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Font size is typically 40 pt. for the title
32 pt. for bullet points
24 pt. for text
12-14 pt. for references in the footer unless more
than one on a slide then i
Publication Manual of the American
Psychological Association
 WMU Writing Center
 Purdue Owl Website
 Write for college: A Student handbook
 PERRLA or like programs
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