Chapter 11 Test Review
Place these notes into your
Geology Notebook
Define C11 Vocabulary into
your Geology Notebook.
A continental margin is a boundary
between continental crust and oceanic
crust.
Features of a passive continental margin:
• Sediments consisting of the skeletons
and shells of marine organisms.
• Sediments consisting of weathered rock
materials.
• A boundary between oceanic crust and
continental crust.
When continental crust and oceanic crust
collide, mountains form on the
continent.
The Himalayas are forming as a result of
two continents in collision.
Volcanic rocks exist along the northern
edge of the Himalayas because before
India collided with Asia, subduction
occurred.
Stress on rock layers that involves forces
pushing in opposite directions is called
shear stress.
Rock layers that are subjected to
squeezing forces tend to become
thicker and shorter.
The compass direction of a fold or a rock
layer exposed at the surface along a
fold is called the strike.
Synclines are downfolds in rock, whereas
anticlines are upfolds in rock.
Valley and ridge locations in the Valley
and Ridge provinces of the Appalachian
Mountains correspond primarily to
weathering rate of rock.
A reverse fault occurs when the hanging
wall moves up with respect to the
footwall.
The San Andreas Fault is an example of a
strike-slip fault.
Joints can be the result of the same
stresses that form mountains, provide
channels through which water flows,
and their surface is usually a plane.
World Faults
Tension stress
on Earth’s crust
is a factor in the
formation of
fault-block
mountains.
Laccolith activity is usually responsible for
the formation of some plutonic domes.
The Adirondack Mountains of New York
are not an example of fault-block
mountains.
Large blocks of crust that have dropped
between normal faults are called
grabens.
Dome mountains are not usually
associated with normal faults.
An ocean basin disappeared into a
subduction zone during the formation of
the Himalayas.
Dome mountains are nearly circular
folded mountains.
Mountains
Label the drawing using the following terms:
anticline, syncline, limb. Draw lines from these
terms to the parts of the drawing they
describe.
anticline
limb
syncline
Essay 1:
Describe the differences between dome
mountains and fault-block mountains in
terms of how they are formed.
Dome mountains are formed by uplifting
forces, either igneous intrusions of forces
that arch rocks upward. They are round and
usually appear alone.
Fault block mountains are whole blocks of
crust forced upward as a result of normal
faulting caused by tensional stress. They
exist as chains.
Essay 2:
Explain why caverns can form along joint
planes.
Joints are breaks in bedrock along which no
movement has occurred. They can provide
channels for fluids. Groundwater that flow
through them and dissolves limestone can
cause cavern formation.