CANCER
Ms. Kelly
8th Grade Health
Journal #6:
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Have you personally been affected by
cancer? (I.e.: You, yourself, had a
scare, maybe a family member, friend,
coach, etc.) If so, explain your
connection as you feel comfortable…
If you don’t have a personal
connection, discuss how you might
feel if someone you knew was
diagnosed with a life-threatening
illness…
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www.thon.org
THON 2016 Promo Video
THON 2013 Promo Video
ELI’S STORY
Hatters Play 4 A Cure
Journal:
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Record your reactions to the short
videos you just watched… How do
they make you feel? Bring about any
emotions? Etc…
Oncology
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Study and treatment of cancer
Over 100 types
MOST COMMON TYPES
Bladder
2%
3%
Breast
9%
Colon and Rectal
7%
2%
46%
Endometrial
Kidney
2%
Leukemia
2%
Lung
Melanoma
10%
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Pancreatic
9%
3%
3%
2%
Prostate
Skin (nonmealnoma)
Thyroid
Lu
ng
M
od
el
an
gk
om
in
Ly
a
m
ph
om
Pa
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re
at
Sk
ic
in
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(n
os
on
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te
m
ea
ln
om
a)
Th
yr
oi
d
No
nH
ad
de
r
Co
Br
lo
ea
n
st
an
d
Re
ct
En
al
do
m
et
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Ki
dn
ey
Le
uk
em
ia
Bl
# of Cases
New Cases vs. Death Rates
900,000
750,000
600,000
450,000
300,000
150,000
0
Type of Cancer
DEATHS
NEW CASES
Definition
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Groups of abnormal
cells that multiply
out of control
Due to something
wrong with size,
shape, or
DNA/function
Tumors
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Group of cells that grow together to
form a mass
No apparent function
– BENIGN: grows harmlessly without
spreading
– MALIGNANT: Abnormal cells that spread to
other parts of the body (CANCEROUS!)
BENIGN
MALIGNANT
Journal:

React the following statistics. How do
they make you feel? Are you
surprised, do they shock you, etc.?
– In 2014, about 585,720 Americans are
expected to die of cancer (almost 1600
people per day). It is the second most
common cause of death in the US.
– The 5-year survival rate for all
cancers between 2003 and 2009 is
68% (up from 49% in the 70s).
Source: American Cancer Society
Metastasis
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Spreading of
cancer from
localized area
to other parts
of the body
via lymph and
blood
Biopsy
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Removal of a small amount of tissue
for examination under a microscope
JOURNAL:
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You completed the “Faces of Cancer”
activity last class… explain what you
learned from the activity. Consider:
– Trends, if any, you noticed (re: family
history, age, etc.)
– Risk factors (certain ones more common
than others)
– Etc…
Causes of Cancer
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ENVIRONMENTAL
– CARCINOGENS:
cancer-causing agents
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Alcohol
Smoke/chewing
tobacco
Radiation (X-Rays)
Nitrites (smoked
meats)
Sun (UV Rays)
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BIOLOGICAL
– Family tendencies
– Risk increases with
age
– Others biological
causes
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Asbestos
Radon
Pesticides
Additives
Journal:
If you could go
anywhere in the
world, where would
you go and why??
Latency Period
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Period of time it takes for the cancer
to develop
Time of exposure to time symptoms
appear
Can be 20-30 years before the cancer
is detected
Prevention
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Avoid tobacco
products
Avoid excess
alcohol
consumption
High fiber/low fat
diet
Avoid stress
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Avoid prolonged
exposure in the sun
(SPF 15 or higher)
Avoid too much
radiation
Physical check-ups/
self-exams
Cancer Fighting Foods
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All dark, leafy, green veggies, cruciferous
veggies (broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage)
Whole grains (whole wheat, brown rice)
Vitamins C and E
Soy, beans, peas
All fruits
Olive oil
Salmon
Green tea
Warning Signs
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Change in
bathroom habits
A sore that doesn’t
heal
Unusual bleeding,
bruising, or
discharge
Thickening or lump
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Indigestion or
difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in
wart or mole
Nagging cough or
hoarseness
Unusual weight
loss/unusual
headaches
Journal:
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Use your notes and class discussions
to write a paragraph about what you
have learned so far. Consider:
– What is cancer?
– What causes it and/or is it preventable?
– What are some signs and symptoms?
How might you know if you have it?
– What might happen to your body
physically, mentally, and socially if you
were diagnosed with cancer?
Treatments
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Surgery—removal
of tumor
– Cryosurgery is used
for mouth and skin
cancers (liquid
nitrogen)
Treatments (con.)
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Chemotherapy—50 different drugs (IV,
pills, injection)
– Chemicals destroy cancer cells by
interfering with DNA without harming too
many normal cells
– Side effects: nausea, hair loss,
rashes
Treatments (con)
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Radiation—Cancer cells more sensitive
than normal cells
– Most sensitive areas: bone marrow where
blood cells are made (sternum) and pelvic
area where reproductive organs located
Remission
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Period of time when
person is symptomfree
Permanent remission:
5 years with no
reoccurrence
Melanoma
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Most serious form of skin cancer
ABCDE’s of Melanoma Detection
– A: Asymmetry
– B: Border
– C: Color
– D: Diameter
– E: Elevation