What does Islam mean in Arabic?
 Submission or submission to the will of God
In what form of art can the greatest cultural blending of the Muslim world be seen?
 Calligraphy
What do Muslims believe about Muhammad?
 He was the last great or holy prophet
How did the Abbasids control their large empire?
 They established a strong bureaucracy or government structure
Who replaced the last of the rightly guided caliphs?
 Umayyads – a Sunni rule
What division of Islam believes that only a relative of Muhammad is qualified to lead?
 Shi’a

What encouraged Muslim leaders to support places of learning such as the House of Wisdom?
 Muhammad put a lot of emphasis on study and scholarship
The academic subject developed by al-Khwarizmi and originally called al-jabr is known by what name today?
 Algebra
Toward what city do Muslims pray?
 Mecca
Explain and describe the Five Pillars of Islam.
 The Five Pillars of Islam are the major rules by which all Muslims of the
Islamic faith live.
The Five Pillars of Islam
Declaration of Faith – “I bear witness that there is not god, but God; I bear witness that Muhammad is the prophet of God.” By reciting this, one enters
Islamic faith
Prayer – Muslims are required to pray five times a day, washing themselves before prayers and facing in the direction of Mecca while praying
Giving a Fixed Proportion to Charity – Muslims are required to give away a percentage of their earnings to those less fortunate, regardless of their religion
Fasting During the Month of Ramadan – Muslims fast for one lunar month each year, a period called Ramadan. During this time, Muslims reflect on their behavior and strive to purify their thoughts.
Pilgrimage to Mecca – If it is physically and financially possible, Muslims are required to travel to Mecca once in their lifetime

List three similarities and three differences between Christianity, Judaism and Islam.
Religion
Founded by
When
Sabbath – holy day of worship
Judaism
Abraham
About 2000 B.C.
Saturday
Christianity
Jesus
About 33 A.D.
Sunday
About 600 A.D.
Friday
Islam
Muhammad
Holy Text
Place of Worship
Torah
Synagogue
Bible
Church
Qu’ran
Mosque
Leader of Worship Rabbi Priest/pastor Ulama (group)/ imam (individual)
Life After Death In World to come the time after the Messiah
Judgment is based on how you’ve lived your life
Heaven or hell
Judgment is based on how you’ve lived your life
Heaven or hell
Judgment is based on how you’ve lived your life
Basic Beliefs and
Teachings
The Messiah has not come yet
Do not believe that
Jesus is the Messiah or the Son of God
Monotheistic
Jesus was the Messiah and the Son of God
Monotheistic
Believe that Jesus was a prophet and the
Muhammad is the last great prophet
Monotheistic
Follow the 10
Commandments
Believe that Jerusalem is the “Holy Land”
Not required to make a journey
Fast for Yom Kippur
Follow the 10
Commandments
Believe that Jerusalem is the “Holy Land”
Not required to make a journey
No fasting
Follow the Five
Pillars of Islam
Believe that Jerusalem is the “Holy Land”
Have to travel to
Mecca once in their lifetime if they are physically and financially able
Fast during the holy month of Ramadan