Biology EOCT Practice Questions
Part I
Milton High School
1
Glucose is a simple sugar that is broken down for
the release of energy during cellular respiration.
The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. To which class
of organic macromolecules does glucose belong?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D.Nucleic acids
2
Glucose is a simple sugar that is broken down for
the release of energy during cellular respiration.
The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. To which class
of organic macromolecules does glucose belong?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D.Nucleic acids
3
The function of the mitochondria in cells is
to
A.Produce energy
B.Store water
C.Store genetic material
D.Make proteins
4
The function of the mitochondria in cells is
to
A.Produce energy
B.Store water
C.Store genetic material
D.Make proteins
5
The diagram shows a basic food chain
in an ecosystem. The box on the far
right demonstrates energy flow out of
the ecosystem.
Which of the following is the
most likely cause of energy
leaving the ecosystem?
E
N
E
R
G
Y
A. Immigration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Respiration
D. Competition
6
The diagram shows a basic food chain
in an ecosystem. The box on the far
right demonstrates energy flow out of
the ecosystem.
Which of the following is the
most likely cause of energy
leaving the ecosystem?
E
N
E
R
G
Y
A. Immigration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Cellular Respiration
D. Competition
7
Which types of organic molecules serve as the
building blocks of living things and form when
amino acids are joined by a peptide bond?
A. Proteins
B. Fatty acids
C. Nucleic acids
D. Carbohydrates
8
Which types of organic molecules serve as the
building blocks of living things and form when
amino acids are joined by a peptide bond?
A. Proteins
B. Fatty acids
C. Nucleic acids
D. Carbohydrates
9
In pea plants, the allele for green pods is (G) is
dominant over the allele for yellow pods (g). If a
pea plant has yellow pods, what is its genotype?
A. GG
B. Gg
C. gg
D. Gy
10
In pea plants, the allele for green pods is (G) is
dominant over the allele for yellow pods (g). If a
pea plant has yellow pods, what is its genotype?
A. GG
B. Gg
C. gg
D. Gy
11
Ticks obtain nourishment by feeding on the
blood of mammals such as mice and squirrels.
Although ticks do not kill the animal upon which
they feed, they can weaken the animal. What
type of relationship do a tick and the animal
upon which it feeds illustrate?
A. Mutualism
B. Commensalism
C. Competition
D.Parasitism
12
Ticks obtain nourishment by feeding on the
blood of mammals such as mice and squirrels.
Although ticks do not kill the animal upon which
they feed, they can weaken the animal. What
type of relationship do a tick and the animal
upon which it feeds illustrate?
A. Mutualism
B. Commensalism
C. Competition
D.Parasitism
13
Bromeliads are epiphytes that live attached the high
branches of trees. Living high up in the trees provide the
bromeliads better access to water and sunlight. The tree
receives no benefit from the relationship and is not
harmed. What type of ecosystem interaction do the
bromeliads and the trees exhibit?
A. Mutualism
B. Commensalism
C. Competition
D. Parasitism
14
Bromeliads are epiphytes that live attached the high
branches of trees. Living high up in the trees provide the
bromeliads better access to water and sunlight. The tree
receives no benefit from the relationship and is not
harmed. What type of ecosystem interaction do the
bromeliads and the trees exhibit?
A. Mutualism
B. Commensalism
C. Competition
D. Parasitism
15
A lichen is formed by a relationship between a fungus and a
green alga. The fungus anchors the lichen and protects the alga
from direct sunlight and extreme temperature fluctuations.
The green alga performs photosynthesis, providing food for
itself and the fungus. What type of symbiotic relationship does
a lichen illustrate?
A. Mutualism
B. Commensalism
C. Competition
D. Predation
16
A lichen is formed by a relationship between a fungus and a
green alga. The fungus anchors the lichen and protects the alga
from direct sunlight and extreme temperature fluctuations.
The green alga performs photosynthesis, providing food for
itself and the fungus. What type of symbiotic relationship does
a lichen illustrate?
A. Mutualism
B. Commensalism
C. Competition
D. Predation
17
Which cell component may be present in a
eukaryotic cell, but not in a prokaryotic cell?
A. Cell wall
B. Cell membrane
C. Nucleus
D.Cytoplasm
18
Which cell component may be present in a
eukaryotic cell, but not in a prokaryotic cell?
A. Cell wall
B. Cell membrane
C. Nucleus
D.Cytoplasm
19
Lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs are organisms that
frequently obtain nutrition by living in and feeding on the
tissues or fluids of other organisms. What name is given
to the organisms that provide nourishment to lice, fleas,
ticks, and bedbugs?
A. Parasite
B. Host
C. Predator
D. Producer
20
Lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs are organisms that
frequently obtain nutrition by living in and feeding on the
tissues or fluids of other organisms. What name is given
to the organisms that provide nourishment to lice, fleas,
ticks, and bedbugs?
A. Parasite
B. Host
C. Predator
D. Producer
21
Which form of reproduction gives organisms that live
in a changing environment the advantage of greater
variation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Binary fission
Asexual reproduction
Budding
Sexual reproduction
22
Which form of reproduction gives organisms that live
in a changing environment the advantage of greater
variation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Binary fission
Asexual reproduction
Budding
Sexual reproduction
23
Which of the following are reactants for cellular
respiration and products of photosynthesis?
A. Carbon dioxide and water
B. Glucose and oxygen
C. Glucose, water, and carbon dioxide
D. Glucose, oxygen, and water
24
Which of the following are reactants for cellular
respiration and products of photosynthesis?
A. Carbon dioxide and water
B. Glucose and oxygen
C. Glucose, water, and carbon dioxide
D. Glucose, oxygen, and water
25
Mr. Bleier is examining cells with a microscope. The cells he
is viewing appear to come from a multi-cellular organism
that has a nucleus, a cell membrane, a cell wall, and
chloroplasts. From which of the following groups of
organisms was the sample taken?
A. Bacteria
B. Plants
C. Animals
D. Protists
26
Mr. Bleier is examining cells with a microscope. The cells he
is viewing appear to come from a multi-cellular organism
that has a nucleus, a cell membrane, a cell wall, and
chloroplasts. From which of the following groups of
organisms was the sample taken?
A. Bacteria
B. Plants
C. Animals
D. Protists
27
Which process allows organisms with favorable
genes an increased chance to survive and
reproduce?
A. Endosymbiosis
B. Genetic mutation
C. Parthenogenesis
D.Natural selection
28
Which process allows organisms with favorable
genes an increased chance to survive and
reproduce?
A. Endosymbiosis
B. Genetic mutation
C. Parthenogenesis
D.Natural selection
29
Which of the following is a result of genetic
engineering?
I.
Bt corn which is resistant to the pest called the
corn borer
II. Using recombinant DNA to create goats whose
milk contains an enzyme found in human breast
milk
III. Genetically altered bacteria which eat oil and
can help clean up oil spills
A.
B.
C.
D.
I only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
30
Which of the following is a result of genetic
engineering?
I.
Bt corn which is resistant to the pest called the
corn borer
II. Using recombinant DNA to create goats whose
milk contains an enzyme found in human breast
milk
III. Genetically altered bacteria which eat oil and
can help clean up oil spills
A.
B.
C.
D.
I only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
31
Ben is mapping the organization of the environment while
studying for an exam. Starting with the simplest level, in
which order should Ben put the levels of the environment?
A. Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism
B. Organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphere
C. Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
D. Population, organism, community, biosphere, ecosystem
32
Ben is mapping the organization of the environment while
studying for an exam. Starting with the simplest level, in
which order should Ben put the levels of the environment?
A. Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism
B. Organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphere
C. Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
D. Population, organism, community, biosphere, ecosystem
33
Only 10% of the energy at any trophic level is available to
the next trophic level. Based on this, if a population of
wildabeast needs 5,000 J, then how much energy must be
produced by the plants they feed on?
A. 5,000 J
B. 500 J
C. 5,500 J
D. 50,000 J
34
Only 10% of the energy at any trophic level is available to
the next trophic level. Based on this, if a population of
wildabeast needs 5,000 J, then how much energy must be
produced by the plants they feed on?
A. 5,000 J
B. 500 J
C. 5,500 J
D. 50,000 J
35
Which of the following effects cannot be attributed to
acid rain?
A. Damage to trees and a decline of forest communities
B. An increase in carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere
C. Damage to historic buildings and monuments
D.Death of aquatic organisms in lakes and streams
36
Which of the following effects cannot be attributed to
acid rain?
A. Damage to trees and a decline of forest communities
B. An increase in carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere
C. Damage to historic buildings and monuments
D.Death of aquatic organisms in lakes and streams
37
After fires destroyed 793,000 acres of aspen and pine
forest in Yellowstone National Park in the summer of
1988, biologists were able to study the long-term
effects of fire on an ecosystem. The biologists found
that the soil after fire was more fertile which allowed
small plants and new pine trees to re-establish quickly
in the park. What ecological process were the
biologists observing?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Biodiversity
Equilibrium
Succession
Food web energy flow
38
After fires destroyed 793,000 acres of aspen and pine
forest in Yellowstone National Park in the summer of
1988, biologists were able to study the long-term
effects of fire on an ecosystem. The biologists found
that the soil after fire was more fertile which allowed
small plants and new pine trees to re-establish quickly
in the park. What ecological process were the
biologists observing?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Biodiversity
Equilibrium
Succession
Food web energy flow
39
This drawing shows a food web for
an ecosystem.
Which of the following organisms
is the primary producer for this
food web?
A. Polar bear
B. Arctic char
C. Copepod
D. Phytoplankton
40
This drawing shows a food web for
an ecosystem.
Which of the following organisms
is the primary producer for this
food web?
A. Polar bear
B. Arctic char
C. Copepod
D. Phytoplankton
41
Which of the following is an advantage of asexual
reproduction in an environment that undergoes
very few changes?
A. It requires two parents
B. It increases genetic diversity
C. It results in offspring that are genetically
identical
D. It does not involve chromosomes
42
Which of the following is an advantage of asexual
reproduction in an environment that undergoes
very few changes?
A. It requires two parents
B. It increases genetic diversity
C. It results in offspring that are genetically
identical
D. It does not involve chromosomes
43
How might the overuse of antibiotics lead to resistant
strains of bacteria?
A. Antibiotics change the structure of bacteria, making
them resistant.
B. Antibiotics introduce too many bacteria to a
population at one time.
C. Antibiotics provide breeding ground in which bacteria
flourish.
D. Antibiotics shift natural selection to favor existing
resistant bacteria.
44
How might the overuse of antibiotics lead to resistant
strains of bacteria?
A. Antibiotics change the structure of bacteria, making
them resistant.
B. Antibiotics introduce too many bacteria to a
population at one time.
C. Antibiotics provide breeding ground in which bacteria
flourish.
D. Antibiotics shift natural selection to favor existing
resistant bacteria.
45
Which of these is a common adaptation that helps
desert plants conserve water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Waxy coverings on leaves and stems
Large broad leaves
Large stomata which remain open during the day
Very deep root systems
46
Which of these is a common adaptation that helps
desert plants conserve water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Waxy coverings (cuticle) on leaves and stems
Large broad leaves
Large stomata which remain open during the day
Very deep root systems
47
Which of these is a biotic factor in the Amazon
River ecosystem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Temperature
Sand
Fish
nitrogen
48
Which of these is a biotic factor in the Amazon
River ecosystem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Temperature
Sand
Fish
nitrogen
49
After the volcanic eruption of Mount St. Helens, a
climax community is established. What is the nature
of this community?
A. It is the first community of plants to establish
itself in the region
B. It is the stable community formed at the end of
ecological succession
C. It is the community of organisms destroyed by
the lava
D. It is a temporary community formed as the
ecosystem recovers from the damage
50
After the volcanic eruption of Mount St. Helens, a
climax community is established. What is the nature
of this community?
A. It is the first community of plants to establish
itself in the region
B. It is the stable community formed at the end of
ecological succession
C. It is the community of organisms destroyed by
the lava
D. It is a temporary community formed as the
ecosystem recovers from the damage
51
Bacteria and fungi feed on a dead log. These
organisms act as decomposers by breaking down the
matter in the log and returning nutrients to the
ecosystem. Which of the following describes the role
of the bacteria and fungi in the environment?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Producer
Habitat
Niche
Biome
52
Bacteria and fungi feed on a dead log. These
organisms act as decomposers by breaking down the
matter in the log and returning nutrients to the
ecosystem. Which of the following describes the role
of the bacteria and fungi in the environment?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Producer
Habitat
Niche
Biome
53
A cladogram shows
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which kingdom is the most diverse
How to name species
Change over time
Evolutionary relationships
54
A cladogram shows
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which kingdom is the most diverse
How to name species
Change over time
Evolutionary relationships
55
During a water quality lab Sam tested a sample of water
for nitrates by dissolving a testing powder in the water
along with the required drops of sulfuric acid. Sam
capped the test tube and vigorously mixed the solutions
together by shaking. What is the solvent in this
solution?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sulfuric acid
The testing powder
The shaking of the test tube
The water sample
During a water quality lab Sam tested a sample of water
for nitrates by dissolving a testing powder in the water
along with the required drops of sulfuric acid. Sam
capped the test tube and vigorously mixed the solutions
together by shaking. What is the solvent in this
solution?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sulfuric acid
The testing powder
The shaking of the test tube
The water sample