Recovery
Management
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Definition
Recovery is the process by which
communities and the nation are
assisted in returning to their
proper level of functioning
following a disaster
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*Recovery process can be very
protracted.
*It includes:
* restoration
* reconstruction
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Disaster Analysis – key points
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No quick finalisation of
response/recovery action
Potentially long recovery period
Financial and material demands
usually restrict resources
The cumulative effect – the repeated impact of
disaster means that the recovery is never really
complete and the preparedness remains
restricted
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Transfer of responsibility
(response to recovery)
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The transfer is, in fact, one which
perforce takes place between two
dissimilar processes
Response depends on urgency and
short term expediency
Recovery has to be of a more general,
considered and long-term nature
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Transfer of responsibility
(response to recovery)…
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response action usually dealing with
urgent problems which will not wait.
response action often takes place under
extraordinary powers, go beyond normal
day to day limits of authority.
response action must sometimes be taken
without consideration of longer term
repercussions.
e.g., effect on recovery programme
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Transfer of responsibility
(response to recovery)….
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some response action may have direct
implications for recovery programme.
e.g., large scale evacuation
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response action may have lowered the
capability of key govt. depts.
recovery action may also have to
operate within a changed community
attitude
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Continuation of
response activity
A further factor in recovery is the need to
deal satisfactorily with response activities
which continue, or have to be projected,
beyond the end of the emergency response
period, need to be expeditiously dealt with
on two counts:
1.
2.
as programme in their own right, in the public
and national interest.
as part of total strands of relief action from
response operations into longer term programme
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Basis for
recovery action
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Production of an adequate information
base to define necessary aspect.
Definition of overall strategy for
recovery, compatible with proposed and
potential national development.
Determination of individual recovery
programmes within the overall strategy.
Implementation of individual
programme and projects on well
managed and coordinated basis
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Problem Areas
in Recovery
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Delay in formulation of recovery
programme
Damage and destruction may be
severe and extensive that is
difficult, and takes time, to assess
and formulate recovery programme
Inadequate information
Additional load imposed on the govt.
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Problem Areas
in Recovery…
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Occurrence of another major
disaster
Problems relating to Ministerial
responsibilities may arise
Restrictions on availability of
finance
Political problems
Inadequate attention by govt.
to public awareness
Long time to some major and
vital reconstruction programme
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Problem Areas
in Recovery…
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Resource limitations may apply to
the implementation of programme
Time process of some of the
programme can not be hastened
Some of the programme may
necessitate substantial reorientation
in national activities
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Requirements for
effective recovery
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Understanding nature of recovery: All
concerned authorities should understand
the nature of recovery( restoration,
reconstruction and rehabilitation)
Recovery and national development:
where possible , it is desirable to
reconcile appropriate aspects of
recovery with national development
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Requirements for
effective recovery…
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The recovery information base:
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Information from response operations
 Damage surveys and need
assessment
 Various forms of operational reports
 Departmental and other reports on
completion of emergency phase
 Information collected by EOC
 Reports from international
assistance agencies
 Media information
 Various submissions by individuals
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Requirements for
effective recovery…
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The recovery information base:…
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Post disaster review: information can
be utilised for recovery programme
Information and development
programme: recovery requirements
may have a direct bearing on existing
development plans
Information from special teams:
special technical advisory team to
monitor recovery needs
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Requirements for
effective recovery…
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The recovery information base:…
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Information from previous disasters
Information for programme
parameters: information that affects
the shape and size of recovery
programme
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Project cost
Time scales
In-country input capability, including
financial, material and HR
International assistance potential
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Requirements for
effective recovery…
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Overall recovery strategy: needs to be
made at top govt. level and to include
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Major areas of recovery needs
Envisaged time frame for recovery
action
Interlinking with national
development
Broad assessment of resources
available
Major responsibilities for recovery
action
System for monitoring from national
level
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Requirements for
effective recovery…
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Assessment of resources
International disaster assistance:
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Direct financial donations,
grants etc.
Project implementation
International welfare agencies
or religious body
Policy direction of recovery
programme: is clearly established
and defined- include
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A special ministerial committee
One minister, acting on cabinet
direction
Cabinet itself
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Requirements for
effective recovery…
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Determination of programme needs and
areas: include
Community
Reestablishment of social service system
 Long term rehabilitation of communities
and individuals
Private sector
 Industrial system
 Commercial buildings, stores, shop etc.
Government aspects
 National infrastructure
 Administrative facilities
 Education facility
 Health care
 Resettlement
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Requirements for
effective recovery…
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Programme management and
monitoring
Continuation of emergency relief
Programme
Disaster management aspects
Public and media information
Programme decisions and priorities:
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The type of programme to be
implemented
The priorities which should apply
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Human Factors
in Recovery
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Disaster Victims’ Attitudes
Devastation
 Realisation
 Rationalisation- past,
present and future
 Accusation
 Accumulation
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Human Factors
in Recovery…
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Relocation of communities
Evacuation
Resettlement
Personnel injuries and
trauma
 Family bereavement
 Loss of property and
possession
 Damage to dwellings and,
 Reduced means of
livelihood
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Gujarat Earthquake
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UNDP played an active role after the devastating earthquake
in January 2001 in overall coordination, support to livelihood
restoration and shelter reconstruction. A Transition Recovery
Team approach, a new concept of UNDP, has been piloted in
India, to assist in the transition between emergency response
and longer-term development in earthquake- affected areas.
It aims at incorporating vulnerability reduction and
sustainable recovery through community-driven programmes
by drawing lessons from UNDP’s Latur earthquake
reconstruction initiatives. Non-Governmental Organisation
(NGO) partners of UNDP such as the Kutch Mahila Vikas
Sangathan (KMVS) and the Banaskantha Dwarca Mahila
Sewa Association (BDMSA), a part of the Self-Employed
Womens' Association (SEWA), were among some of the
groups that played a leading role in responding to the
earthquake. Women led relief and reconstruction efforts and
are now coordinating initiatives to re-establish sustainable
livelihoods in the area.
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The Orissa Super-Cyclone and After
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The Orissa Super-Cyclone and After In response to the Super-
Cyclone in 1999 in Orissa, UNDP along with other UN organisations on
the ground provided a coordination support mechanism during the crisis
and facilitated interventions in sectors including shelter, agriculture,
health, education, women and children, and water and sanitation. The
thrust of UNDP interventions in the state is aimed at the realization of
what has come to be known as Sustainable Human Development, a
term that warrants action on all critical issues in such areas as poverty
reduction, employment in the small scale and informal sector, natural
resources management including biodiversity, agricultural research,
women in agriculture, people’s empowerment, disaster management,
and the State Human Development Report (SHDR) initiative. UNDP is
currently involved in assistance for rebuilding lives and livelihoods by
working in affected blocks for Community-Based Disaster Preparedness,
promotion of alternative housing technologies and capacity building of
the community for habitat development, Capacity building for
empowerment and access to quality services in disaster prone areas
through UNITeS IT Volunteers, livelihood support to drought & flood
affected communities in Orissa, strengthening coordination and
emergency response in vulnerable districts through establishment of
control rooms.
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Summary
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The multi-purpose approach to recovery
programme is worthy of attention from
the viewpoint of govt. policy, national
development and disaster
mitigation/management
In formulation of recovery programme,
it should be recognised that, in disaster
cycle, the four segments which follow
recovery are:
 Development
 Prevention
 Mitigation
 Preparedness
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Any Questions
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The End
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