Integrated Science 2015-2016
Mr. Danckers
Chapter 2.1
Key Ideas
Why are color, volume and density classified as
physical properties?
Why are flammability and reactivity classified
as chemical properties?
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Matter has many different properties. These
properties make things useful for different
purposes.
Physical Properties: can be observed without
changing the substance of the object
◦ Color
◦ Shape
◦ Texture
 Physical
properties can help
identify things
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Hair and height can identify friends
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Pure water is clear and colorless
Physical properties can be observed or
measured.
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State – the physical form of a substance - solid,
liquid or gas
Melting Point: the temperature at which a solid
becomes a liquid
Boiling Point: the temperature at which a liquid
turns to a gas
Other physical properties are:
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Strength
Hardness
Magnetism
Conductivity
Flexibility
Abrasion resistance
More…
Physical properties help determine
uses
Copper is used in power lines because it
conducts electricity well
Aluminum is used in foil because it is light
weight yet durable and flexible.
Why is Styrofoam used for holding hot drinks?
Density is a physical property of matter
Density= mass/volume
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water has a density of 1.00g/ml
objects with a density less than 1.00g/ml will
float
Mass and Density Paper Lab
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Do all initial work on a piece of loose-leaf paper.
Only when your group has reviewed and agreed on
an answer may you transfer your answer to the lab
form. (Neatness counts!)
Show all work and calculations, including units.
Written answers must be in complete sentences.
 Chemical

Properties
Chemical properties describe how a
substance changes into another substance
◦ May combine with other elements
◦ May break apart into new substances

Flammability – the ability to burn
◦ Burning is a rapid reaction with oxygen that
releases heat

Reactivity – the capacity to react with another
substance
◦ Iron reacts with oxygen slowly to form iron(III)
oxide.
◦ Chromium does not.
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The Big Difference…
Physical properties can be observed without
altering the material’s substance
Chemical properties describe how changeable
a substance is.