Forms of Government
CPW4U – Unit 2, Lesson 1 – Mr. Raso
Democratic Systems – Freedom in the World
Freedom House – Rankings
• Rates the level of _____________________ and ____________________ in 195 countries and
14 related and disputed territories during 2012
• Based on this ranking countries are determined to be:
1)
2)
3)
Influences on Forms of Government
1) Historical tradition – colonialism
2) Internal dynamics – economics, social structure
3) Outside forces – war, trade, cultural contact
Democracy: Direct vs Representative
Problems with democracy in Athens:
- could degenerate into _____________________
- Limited – didn’t include _________________________
- No protection of ________________________
- Lacked ________________ capable of ensuring individual liberty and controlling self-seeking
interests
Democracies can be categorized as:
1)
2)
3)
INDICATORS OF FULL DEMOCRACY
• Constitution that _________________________________, sets the rules of government
• The rule of the majority including ____________________ and ______________________
• The protection of _______________
• Participation of citizens – the press, protest, interest groups
• The rule of law and ________________________
• Civilian control over the ________________
• Protection of rights such as __________________________
LIMITATIONS OF FULL DEMOCRACY
• Demands of lobby and interest groups can _______________ concern for the common good
• Electoral systems are less than perfect
• Globalization and international free trade __________________ power of democratic states
• Freedom of expression has been _______________ in order to protect national security
• Modern democracy can be viewed as an ________________________
Emerging Democracy
Partial democracy in transition, may have:
• _________________________________
• _________________________________
• _________________________________
To achieve full democracy, a state requires:
• _________________________________
• _________________________________
• _________________________________
Democratization – Democratic
Transitions
Samuel Huntington – Three waves of
democratization
1
2
3
• There is a lot of consensus on what democracies have to offer
• Theorists of democracy have long noted its capacity for peaceful transitions
of power and for removing many of the conditions that give rise to violent
revolution.
• Democracy provides for periodic changes in government which effectively
prevent a given majority or group of political elites from remaining in power
for too long.
• But the process of democratization is very complex.
ENHANCING DEMOCRATIC TRANSITIONS
1. Constitutions and the Rule of Law
2. Free and Fair Elections
3. Strong Civil Society
4. Economic Development
Impediments to Democratic Transition
1. Ethnic and National Violence
2. Religious Fundamentalism and Violence
3. Strong Military or Para-military Forces and Corruption
Challenges Facing Democracy
• The world’s largest country, the People’s Republic of China, remains firmly
__________________ in politics, though it is experimenting with economic
__________________
• Democracy is superficial in many of the ____________ successor states in
_________________ and _________________
•
•
•
The world of ___________has never embraced liberal democracy
Democratic experiments in _____________________ are in their earliest
stages and are beset with _______________
Liberal democracies do not always fit ___________________
DEMOCRACY VS DICTATORSHIP
Dictatorships: AUTHORITARIAN SYSTEMS
• Authoritarian systems can be ____________________________ dictatorships, absolute
monarchies, theocracies or oligarchies (left or right)
• Authoritarian systems do not have ______________________ or legitimate
________________
• Authoritarian governments may have ___________________ but these rarely entrench
people’s rights or limit executive authority