Mitosis and the cell cycle
Content objectives
1. Describe the importance and role of mitosis in living organisms
2. Describe the structure of genetic material in a chromosome
3. Describe the major events in the cell cycle
4. Describe the role of the nuclear envelope, chromosomes, and mitotic spindle
in each stage of mitosis
5. Define cancer and give the characteristics of cancer cells
Figure 8.1
6. What are 3 functions of cell division in living organisms?
7. Can these functions be preformed without cell division?
Figure 8.3 A plant cell just before division
8. How many cells are shown in the figure?
9. What are the red structures inside the cell?
Figure 8.4 DNA packing in a eukaryotic chromosome
10. How is DNA represented in the figure?
11. How are histones represented?
12. Which of the four types of organic molecules is DNA?
13. Which of the four types of organic molecules are histones?
14. In the “beads on a string” arrangement, what is each bead called?
15. How many histones are in each bead?
16. Why must DNA be packed into such tight coils and folds?
Figure 8.5 Duplication and distribution of a single chromosome
17. How many chromosomes are shown at the top of the diagram?
18. In the middle figure, how many chromosomes are shown?
19. In the middle figure, how many sister chromatids are shown?
20. In the bottom, how many chromosomes are shown?
Figure 8.6 The eukaryotic cell cycle
21. During which phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?
22. What are the three sub-phases of interphase?
23. What happens during the S phase of interphase?
24. How many sister chromatids does each chromosome contain during the G2
phase?
25. What process must follow the creation of two daughter nuclei in order to
complete cell division?
26. What proportion of the life of an average cell is spent in the mitotic phase?
Figure 8.7 Cell reproduction
27. What are the phases of mitosis?
28. For each phase of mitosis, describe the state of the nuclear envelope as
a.
Intact
b. disassembling
c. disassembled
d. reassembling
29. For each phase of mitosis, describe the actions of the chromosomes as
a. Loosely packed
b. Condensing
c. Lined up on an imaginary plate
d. Separating
30. For each phase of mitosis describe the actions of the mitotic spindle as
a. Assembling
b. Attaching to chromosomes
c. Attached to chromosomes
d. Pulling chromosomes to opposite poles
e. Disassembling
31. During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids become daughter
chromosomes?
32. What process results in separating the cytoplasm and formation of two new
daughter cells?
33. How would you describe the number of chromosomes in two daughter cells
following division?
a. The same number
b. One cell has more than the other
34. Would you guess that the two cells have
a. Identical genetic material
b. Different genetic material
35. How many cells are present following cell division of one parental, mother
cell?
a. One parent cell and one daughter cell
b. One parent cell and two daughter cells
c. Two daughter cells
Figure 8.9
36. Compared to normal cells, cancer cells
a. Divide too much
b. Don’t divide enough
c. Divide at the same rate
37. Compared to normal cells, cancer cells
a. Have an extra cell cycle control system
b. Have a mutated cell cycle control system
c. Have more chromosomes
d. Have fewer chromosomes
38. A mass of rapidly dividing cells is called a
a. Cancer
b. Metastasis
c. Tumor
39. A malignant tumor is different from a benign tumor because it
a. Can spread through metastasis
b. Is made of cancer cells
c. Promotes blood vessel development
d. Is found in the breast
40. Understanding the mitosis and the cell cycle is crucial to understanding and
developing a cure for cancer becasause cancer is a disease of the cell cycle
a. True
b. False