Study Guide
US II Q4
MCA
1. The Supreme Court decision in Brown
v. Board of Education ended __________.
•
the “separate but equal” doctrine.
2. Martin Luther King Jr., influenced by
Gandhi, believed in ____________.
• nonviolent protest.
3. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating
Committee (SNCC) decided to entrust
decisions about priorities and tactics to
________.
• young activists.
4. Civil Rights leaders targeted Birmingham
in 1963 because the city ___________.
• was highly segregated.
5. The brutality against African Americans
in Birmingham prompted Kennedy to
___________.
•
propose a strong civil rights bill.
6. Television was a major factor in the
election of 1960 because during the
campaign _______.
•
the candidates faced each other in the
nation’s first televised debates.
7. Kennedy’s New Frontier included efforts
to ______.
•
improve the space program.
8. The Warren Commission decided that
the Kennedy assassination was ______.
• the act of a single man.
9. As a member of Congress, Lyndon
Johnson was known for his _______.
• great skill as a legislator.
10. Johnson called his plan for improving the
nation the ______.
• Great Society.
11. Medicare and Medicaid were programs
designed to help people afford _____.
• health care.
12. During the 1960s, the Supreme Court
made several decisions which _____.
• protected the rights of people
accused of crimes.
13. The goal of the Bay of Pigs invasion was
to ______.
• force Fidel Castro from power.
14. Why did the Soviets build the Berlin
Wall?
• To stop people from escaping from
East Germany.
15. The Cuban Missile Crisis ended when…
•
the Soviets removed their missiles from
Cuba.
16. President Kennedy’s policy in Vietnam
was to ____________.
• increase the number of American
military advisers.
17. What did the United States fear would
happen if it did not get involved in
Vietnam?
• Communists would take over the
country.
18. What congressional action gave
President Johnson that authority to
escalate the Vietnam War?
• the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
19. Television coverage of the Vietnam War…
• brought the brutality of the war into
homes.
20. Which of the following best describes
the philosophy of the counterculture?
• question traditions and experiment
with new ways of living
21. How did the Vietnam War finally end in
1975?
• with North Vietnam gaining
control of all of Vietnam
22. Why did President Kennedy support
the government of Ngo Dinh Diem?
• Kennedy feared that Communists
would take over South Vietnam.
23. What was the name of the 1954 meeting
to discuss conflict in Vietnam?
• Geneva Conference
24. What was the name of the major attack
by Viet Cong and North Vietnamese?
• Tet Offensive
25. What was Ho Chi Min’s main strategy?
• Aggressively attack South Vietnam
and American forces utilizing guerilla
warfare
Essay Questions
Identify and explain two causes and two
effects of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Causes
• Communism in Cuba
(90 miles from USA)
• Bay Of Pigs Invasion
• Kennedy’s aggressive
foreign policy: (Cuban
Missile Crisis)
– NATO nuclear missiles in
Turkey
– Missile gap: JFK started
new arms race
•
•
•
•
Effects
Limited Test Ban Treaty
(1963)
Red Phone Hotline b/w
Soviets & Whitehouse
(1963)
*Back off of bombs
Krushchev took bombs
out of Cuba
– U.S. took bombs out of
Turkey
– Both realized world was
closer than ever to
nuclear war
Identify & explain two causes and two effects
of United States involvement in the Vietnam War.
•
•
•
•
Causes
Domino Theory &
Containment
Geneva Conference (US
Took Responsibility of
Vietnam from France)
Kennedy & Johnson sending
increased number of military
advisers to Vietnam
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
•
•
•
•
•
•
Effects
Anti-war protests divided US
society
58,000 US dead, 300,000
wounded
US War Veterans PTSD
Countless Vietnamese
civilians killed/maimed
Herbicides cause health
problems
Cambodia & Laos
destabilized, fell to
Communists
– 1.5 - 2,000,000
Cambodians killed in
Khmer Rouge genocides
Compare and contrast the countercultures of the 1950s
and the 1960s. Identify and explain a minimum of one
example of each.
Different:
• 50s: Beats were small group of
poets & writers
Similar:
– Black clothes
• Importance of Music
– Jazz music
• Opposed social norms &
– Marijuana
cultural conformity
– Apolitical
– hip vs. square
• Youth-based / youthdriven
• Wore different clothing
as a form of rebellion
• Mysticism / spirituality
• Drug Use
• Sexual Revolution
– known for "playing it cool"
(keeping a low profile)
• 60s: Hippies were more
numerous
–
–
–
–
Colorful clothes
Folk / Electric Rock music
Psychedelics (LSD)
Active in Civil Rights / Anti-war
Protest Movements
– became known for "being cool"
(displaying their individuality)