Lecture #1
Student Objectives:
* You should know what the
instructor expects from you to final
grade
* You should be able to assess your
level of knowledge for this course
* You should be able to recall the
fundamentals of Strength of
Materials
Lab Requirements
• All groups are required to have
a name and team captain.
(group size 5 to 6 people)
• Each group must hand in one
write-up and email their data to
the instructor.
• Groups should state the level of
participation from each
individual.
• Groups will always meet in
classroom before going over to
Lab.
REVIEW OF LECTURE#1
LIST ALL OF THE COMMON
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS:
WOOD
CONCRETE
BITUMENS
MASONRY
WHAT DETERMINES THE SELECTION
OF THIS MATERIAL ??
COST
SUITABILITY
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ACCEPTANCE, Q/C, R & D
WHAT ASPECTS OF THESE
PROPERTIES ARE IMPORTANT??
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES SHEAR, TORSION,TENSION, ETC.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - DENSITY,
SPECIFIC GRAVITY, ETC
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES - ITS
COMPOSITION, ITS REACTION
WITH OTHER ELEMENTS
HOW IS THE USE OF THIS MATERIAL
GOVERNED??
MODEL CODES - BOCA, UBC, SBC,
IBC 2000
ASTM & ACI (STANDARDS FOUND
IN THE TEXT BOOK)
STRENGTH OF MATERIAL REVIEW
(CHAPTER ONE CONT’D)
COMPRESSION
TORSION
SPLIT TENSILE
TENSION
THIRD POINT LOADING
WHAT ARE OTHER BEHAVIORS OF INTEREST ??
DEFORMATION DUE TO THERMAL EXPANSION
    L  c  t  L
SEE PAGES 7 & 8 IN THE TEXT
FOR SAMPLE PROBLEM & TABLES
STRAIN - STRAIN CURVES
AND FORMULAS
P  TXA
 E
PL
 
AE
REMEMBER TO DO PROB.11 FOR HWK
STEEL VS CONCRETE
ELASTIC
LIMIT
ULTIMATE
STRENGTH
STRESS
YIELD POINT
PROPORTIONAL
LIMIT
Elastic Modulus(slope)
or Young’s Modulus (E)
STRAIN
Stress - Strain Diagram of various concretes
f’c:5700 psi
f’c:4700 psi
f’c:4100 psi
f’c:3300 psi
f’c:2600 psi
strain(x10-4)
ELASTIC FORMULAS
ACI 318 -modulus of Elasticity
E  w (33)  f 'c
1.5
0.5
w= the unit weight of concrete
for normal concrete the equation
simplifies to:
E  57000  f 'c
0.5
S 2  S1
E
 2  0.00005
max moment equation
Flexural Stress Equation
M
Fb 
S
Modulus of Rupture
Pl
MOR  2
bd
SAMPLE DEFLECTION
PROBLEM
A steel bar 4 sq. inches. in area is used to
support a gravity load in building
construction. If 1 foot of the bar is
hanging vertically, and a load of 72000
lbs is being supported at the lower of the
bar, determine the total elongation of the
bar. (neglecting its own weight)
E  30 x10 psi
6
GENERAL DEFORMATION
EQUATION
Modulus of Elasticity =
P/A
E = Stress / Strain =
/L
= P.L / A.E
Mild steel :
4"
1"
1' - 0'
OVERVIEW OF CONCRETE TESTING
TEST THE AGGREGATES PROPERTIES
TEST THE CEMENT PROPERTIES
DESIGN THE MIX
BATCH THE MIX AND TEST IT
CRUSH CYLINDERS IN SEVEN DAYS
CRUSH CYLINDER IN 28 DAYS
PERFORM THE SPLIT TENSILE TEST
STRESS .VS. STRAIN
VARIOUS DRYING CONDITIONS
AIR DRY
SAMPLE WITH VOIDS, WATER, SOLIDS
OVEN DRY
LAB ERROR
CORRECT
SURFACE MOISTURE
=TOTAL MOISTURE -ABSORPTION
SATURATED SURFACE DRY
SSD  OD
% ABS 
OD
OVEN DRIED WET SURFACE
(LAB TESTING ERROR)
SEVEN TEST FOR AGGREGATES
TEST#1 CA- Gs & ABSORPTION
WEIGH 8.8LB OF SAMPLE(AIR)
IMMERSE AGG IN WATER 24 HRS.
ROLL SAMPLE IN CLOTH (SSD)
SUBMERGE SAMPLE (SUB)
OVEN DRY THE SAMPLE (DRY)
CALCULATE -Gs (BULK), Gs (SSD),
Gs(APPARENT), ABSORPTION
TEST#2 FA- Gs & ABSORPTION
WEIGH 500g OF SAMPLE(AIR)
IMMERSE AGG OR 6% M.C. (24 HRS)
BLOW DRY SAND (SSD)
SUBMERGE SAMPLE IN PYNC (SUB)
OVEN DRY THE SAND (DRY)
CALCULATE -Gs (BULK), Gs (SSD),
Gs(APPARENT), ABSORPTION
TEST#3- DRY RODDED UNIT WEIGHT
WEIGH THE CONTAINER
ROD 1/3 WITH 25 STROKES
WEIGH THE CONTAINER & SAMPLE
CALCULATE THE BULK DENSITY
TEST#4 TOTAL & SURFACE MOISTURE
WEIGH FA & CA SAMPLE(AIR)
OVEN DRY SAMPLES (OD)
CALCULATE MOISTURES
TEST# 6 & 7 SIEVE ANALYSIS