ATP-ADP Cycle
ATP-ADP Cycle
• Transformation of Energy
– Energy is the ability to do work.
– Thermodynamics is the study of the flow and transformation
of energy in the universe.
ATP-ADP Cycle
• Laws of Thermodynamics
– First law - Energy can be converted from one form to another,
but it cannot be created nor destroyed.
– Second law - Energy cannot be converted without the loss of
usable energy.
ATP-ADP Cycle
• ATP – ADP Cycle
– ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) transfers energy from the
breakdown of food molecules to cell functions
– Energy is released when a phosphate group (Pi) is removed
– ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) is changed into ATP when a
phosphate group (Pi) is added
ATP-ADP Cycle
• ATP – ADP Cycle
phosphate removed
ATP-ADP Cycle
• Carbohydrates
– Carbohydrates are the molecules most commonly broken down
to make ATP.
– not stored in large amounts
– up to 36 ATP from one glucose molecule
ATP-ADP Cycle
• Lipids
– Lipids store the most energy.
– 80 percent of the energy in your body
– About 146 ATP from a triglyceride
ATP-ADP Cycle
• Proteins
– Proteins are least likely to be broken down to make ATP.
– amino acids not usually needed for energy
– about the same amount of energy as a carbohydrate
ATP-ADP Cycle