Angiosperm Perfect Flower
Perfect flowers have both male (staminate) and female (pistillate) reproductive parts
Petal
Male Parts
Anther
Filament
Stamen
Female Parts
Stigma
Pistil
Style
or
Ovary
Carpel
Ovule
Sepal
Peduncle
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Angiosperm Woody Stem
Terminal Bud
One year’s growth
Lateral Bud
Terminal Bud Scale Scar
Bud scales are small scale-like modified
leaves that cover the bud during its winter
dormancy. When the terminal bud breaks
dormancy in the spring, these bud scales
are shed, leaving behind the scars where
they were attached.
Lenticel
Bud Scale - three are
visible in this drawing
Leaf Scar
Vascular Bundle Traces
Pith
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Leaf Arrangement
Alternate
Opposite
Whorled
Alternate – Leaves and buds are spaced in alternating fashion along the stem
Opposite – Leaves and buds are directly across from each other on the stem
Whorled – Three or more leaves and buds are present at a single node
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Simple Leaf
Midrib
Blade
Leaf
Petiole
Stipule
Bud
Stem
KEY POINT: A leaf will ALWAYS have a bud at the base of the petiole.
If it does not have a bud, it is leaflet, not a leaf.
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Compound Leaf
Leaflet
No Bud
Rachis
Leaflet
Petiolule
Stem
Bud
Because the bud is at the base of the rachis, not at the base of the
petiolule, this diagram does not show seven simple leaves, but instead
a single compound leaf comprised of seven leaflets
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Types of Compound Leaves
Bud
Pinnately Compound
Bud
Palmately Compound
In a palmately compound leaf, each leaflet is attached to a common
point on the rachis, but leaflets in a pinnately compound leaf are not.
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Practice Quiz
Name a flower part then click on the letter to see if you are correct
A
B
C
E
F
G
H
D
I
Show Male (Staminate) Parts
Show Female (Pistillate) Parts
To Practice Quiz on Twig Parts
All the petals are collectively referred to as the corolla
Petal
Next Flower Part
Anthers produce pollen required for pollination
Anther
Next Flower Part
Filament
Next Flower Part
Sepals are collectively called the calyx
Sepal
Next Flower Part
When pollination occurs, pollen attaches to the stigma
Stigma
Next Flower Part
A tube from the pollen extends through the style
to each ovule to deliver the male gamete to the
ovule
Style
Next Flower Part
Ovary
Next Flower Part
Ovules develop into seeds when fertilized by pollen
Ovule
Next Flower Part
Peduncle
Next Flower Part
Male (Staminate) Flower Parts
Stamen
Anther
Filament
Next Flower Part
Female (Pistillate) Flower Parts
Flowers can have multiple pistils (also called carpels) that can be
separate or fused together
Stigma
Pistil
Style
or
Ovary
Carpel
Ovule
Next Flower Part
Twig Practice Quiz
Name a flower part then click on the letter to see if you are correct
A
I
B
C
E
F
D
G
H
To Leaf Practice Quiz
Terminal Bud
Next Stem Part
Lateral Bud
Next Stem Part
Next year’s
terminal bud
scale scar will
appear here
when the scale
falls off
One year’s growth
Terminal Bud
Scale Scar
from last year’s
terminal bud
Next Stem Part
Lenticels are thought to allow air into the plant interior
Lenticel
Next Stem Part
Bud Scale
(One of five visible)
Bud Scale
(One of three visible)
Next Stem Part
A leaf scar shows where the previous
year’s leaf was attached to the stem
Leaf Scar
Leaf Scar
Next Stem Part
The vascular bundle traces show where
the zylem entered the leaf petiole
Vascular Bundle Traces
Next Stem Part
The Pith is the
central core of the
stem
Pith
Next Stem Part
Leaf Practice Quiz
How many leaves are in this diagram?
Answer
Leaf Practice Quiz
Bud
There is only one leaf pictured here. If this diagram pictured seven
simple leaves, there would be a bud at the base of every leaf. Since
there is only one bud this must be a single compound leaf
Next Question
Leaf Practice Quiz
A
C
B
What are the names of A, B and C?
Answer
Leaf Practice Quiz
A. Petiole
C. Petiolule
B. Rachis
To answer this correctly you must first identify which is a simple leaf and
which is a compound leaf by looking for the leaf bud.
In a simple leaf, the blade is attached to the petiole. In a compound leaf,
the leaflet is attached to the petiolule. The petiolule is attached to the
rachis.
Next Question
Leaf Practice Quiz
A
B
Which is a palmately compound leaf and which is a pinnately
compound leaf?
Answer
Leaf Practice Quiz
A
A – Pinnately Compound
B
B – Palmately Compound
Next Question
Leaf Practice Quiz
A
B
C
Which leaf arrangement is opposite, alternate, and whorled?
Answer
Leaf Practice Test
A - Opposite
Back to Page 1
B - Whorled
C - Alternate
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