CELLS
Structure & Function
Review
What is the function of the cell
membrane?
Controls what enters or leaves cell;
prokaryotes
Bacteria are ______________
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
This storage space
is a ___________.
vacuole
http://library.thinkquest.org/3564/Cells/cell93.gif
Tell the 3 of the parts of the cell theory.
*All living things are made of cells.
*Cells are the basic units of structure &
function in an organism
* Cells are produced from existing cells.
Small structure in a cell that performs
a specific function
organelle
Tell which part does it?
Mitochondria
Burns glucose ____________________
Controls what enters
Cell membrane
or leaves the cell ___________________
Pulls chromosomes
Centrioles
during cell division __________________
Digests unwanted
Lysosomes
substances or cell parts _______________
Ribosomes
Makes proteins ______________________
Nucleus
Contains chromatin ___________________
eukaryote
An animal cell is a ____________.
prokaryote
eukaryote
This organelle is
the ____________
Rough ER
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_er.html
Name an organelle that assists with
movement
Cilia OR flagella OR CYTOSKELETON
Name the organelle which is called
the “power plant” of the cell
because it provides energy
mitochondrion
Name the storage space that is
larger in plants than animals.
vacuole
Name the molecule that provides
the energy for cell activities
ATP
Cells that have a cell membrane
but NOT a nuclear membrane are
________________
prokaryotes
Name the organelle that acts as the
cell’s control center.
nucleus
Cell membranes are made of these 2
main kinds of molecules.
Phospholipids & proteins
Name the dark spot in the nucleus of
a cell where ribosomes are made.
nucleolus
Membranes that allow certain molecules
to pass through and not others are said
to be ___________________
Selectively OR semi- permeable.
ribosomes
Proteins are made on the __________
in a cell.
Tell which part does it?
Makes lipids
for membranes ____________________
smooth ER
Mitochondria
Stores energy as ATP ___________________
Modifies & transports proteins
made on its ribosomes ____________________
Rough ER
Regulates calcium levels
Smooth ER
in muscle cells
________________
Supports and protects
Cell wall
plant cells
___________________
What’s the function?
Mitochondria ____________________
burn glucose; make ATP
Make proteins
Ribosomes ___________________
Cell wall __________________
support; protection
Golgi bodies ____________________
Package molecules for storage
Centrioles
or export
________________
Pull chromosomes apart during
cell division
Smooth ER Make
___________________
steroids in gland cells;
regulate calcium in muscle cells;
Break down toxins in liver
Cell organelles that burn
glucose and store energy as ATP.
mitochondria
This structure
flagellum
is a __________
Name an organelle that is made of
microtubules
Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella,
OR centrioles
Tell which part does it?
Mitochondria
Makes ATP ____________________
Controls what enters
nuclear envelope
or leaves the nucleus _________________
Cilia or flagella
Help cell move __________________
Modify, sort, & package
Golgi bodies
substances for transport _________________
nucleolus
Makes ribosomes ______________________
Nucleus
Control center of cell ___________________
Name an organelle besides the
nucleus that has DNA
Mitochondria OR chloroplasts
Tell one difference between
cilia and flagella.
Cilia- many, shorter
Flagella-one or two, longer
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.html
Name this part.
GOLGI BODY
Name an organelle besides the
nucleus that has a double
membrane
Mitochondria OR chloroplasts
Tell which part does it?
Contains genetic info __________________
nucleus
cytoskeleton
Give cell shape/support ____________
Few, long structures
flagella
for locomotion __________________
chloroplast
Place for photosynthesis __________________
vacuole
Large storage space ___________________
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.html
Name this part.
Smooth ER
Endoplasmic reticulum with
ribosomes attached is called
rough ER.
_________
Membrane bound sac that
contains digestive enzymes.
lysosome
This organelle
makes ATP.
mitochondrion
Because the phospholipids in a cell
membrane form 2 layers it is
called a _____________.
bilayer
smooth ER does NOT have
_________
ribosomes attached
The _______________
is made of
cytoskeleton
microfilaments and microtubules and
helps the cell to maintain its shape.
The yellow part of this phospholipid
molecule stays on the outside of the
bilayer next to the water environment
because it is ______________.
polar
polar
nonpolar
What is the job of the ribosomes?
Make proteins
Pancake-like stack of membranes
that modify, sort, &package substances
for transport.
Golgi body
Tell which part does it?
smooth ER
Breaks down toxins ____________________
Mitochondria
Power plant ___________________
Allows molecules in &
Nuclear pores
out of nucleus ____________________
Supports and protects
Cell wall
bacterial cells
___________________
Name a cell part that
has this 9 + 2
arrangement of
microtubules
Cilia OR flagella
Organelle in a plant or animal cell that
contains the cell’s genetic material.
nucleus
Ribosomes are made of
Protein
RNA
__________
& __________
What is the function of the
Rough ER?
Modify and transport molecules made
by its ribosomes
This organelle
is a _____________
Golgi Body
http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.htm
What’s the function?
modify/transport proteins
rough ER ____________________
Contain DNA; control center
nucleus ___________________
cytoskeleton __________________
support; give shape
cell membrane ____________________
Control what enters/leaves cell
chloroplast
________________
photosynthesis
water, food, molecules, waste
vacuole Stores
___________________
Make RNA for ribosomes
nucleolus ________________________
eukaryote
A plant cell is a ______________.
prokaryote
eukaryote
This organelle contains the molecules
for photosynthesis.
chloroplast
The many short structures
on the top of this
cell are __________
cilia
Cells that have a nuclear membrane
are called ________________
eukaryotes
The organelle that regulates calcium in
muscle cells, makes lipids for
membranes, and breaks down toxins in
liver cells is the ____________________
Smooth ER
The cytoskeleton is made of
Microfilaments & ______________
microtubules
______________
The blue part of this phospholipid
molecule stays inside the membrane
away from water because it is
Non polar
______________.
polar
nonpolar
A
B
C
D
E
A = ________________
Cell membrane
Rough ER
B = ________________
nucleus
C = ________________
Golgi Body
D= _________________
Mitochondrion
E= __________________
Put the following cells in order of
decreasing size:
Bacterium
Plant cell
Animal cell
Plant
_________
________
Animal  _________
Bacterium
small
smaller
smallest
True or False
Bacteria don’t have a CELL
membrane.
FALSE; All cells have a cell
membrane on the outside
Name one of the functions of Smooth ER
Make lipids for membranes,
regulate calcium levels,
Break down toxic substances
Name an organelle besides the cell
nucleus that has its OWN DNA
Mitochondria OR chloroplasts
Name this molecule found
in cell membranes
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cells.htm
phospholipid
True or False
Bacteria don’t have ribosomes.
False; Yes, they do
Ribosomes aren’t made of membranes
True or False
Plant cells don’t have centrioles
True; at least we can’t see them
Name an organelle besides the cell nucleus
that is surrounded by a DOUBLE
membrane
Mitochondria OR chloroplasts
Cells that need a lot of energy
probably have a lot of ______________
mitochondria
Golgi bodies
Smooth ER
mitochondria
centrioles
Endoplasmic reticulum without
ribosomes attached is called
_____________________
Smooth ER
A membrane that
lets certain
molecules pass
through and not
others is called
_______________
Semi permeable OR
selectively permeable
http://www.d.umn.edu/~sdowning/Membranes/membraneImages/jpegimages/diffusionmedium.jpg
The ___________
cell
is the basic unit
of life.
What do ribosomes make?
proteins
Tell one way plant cells and animal cells
are alike?
Both:
are eukaryotes
have a nuclear membrane
have membrane bound organelles
have a cell membrane
have DNA in multiple chromosomes
Tell one way plant cells and bacterial
cells are alike?
Both:
have a cell wall
have a cell membrane
have DNA
have a cytoskeleton
have ribosomes
Tell one way animal cells and bacterial
cells are alike?
Both:
have a cell membrane
have DNA
have a cytoskeleton
have ribosomes
Tell one way plant cells are different
from animal cells?
PLANTS
ANIMALS
Have cell wall
Have chloroplasts
no centrioles
Big vacuole
NO cell wall
No chloroplasts
have centrioles
small vacuole
Tell one way plant cells are different
from bacteria cells?
PLANTS
Bacteria
Eukaryotes
Have chloroplasts
Cellulose
in cell wall
Big vacuole
nucleus
Membrane bound organelles
prokaryotes
No chloroplasts
peptidoglycan
in cell wall
no vacuole
no nucleus
No membrane bound
organelles
Tell one way animal cells are different
from bacteria cells?
Animal
Bacteria
Eukaryotes
No cell wall
vacuole
nucleus
Membrane bound organelles
prokaryotes
cell wall
no vacuole
no nucleus
No membrane bound
organelles
no centrioles
Centrioles