B3
Computer
HAPPY THURSDAY
Bellwork: Fix your Line Graphs. Look
at the example provided of what it
should look like. On your bellwork
write “Bean Lab Line Graph”.
HW: Prepare a line graph. Use a
different color line for each species
and provide a key.
-Graph Title: “Food collecting ability of
four species of bean eaters.”
-Y axis: # of beans collected
-X axis: Trial # (represents the
generations)
-Lines: The graph will have 4 lines, one
for each species in different colors.
-Conclusion: Based on the results,
describe the change in the populations
over 3 generations. Explain the
relationship between ability to gather
food and the ability to survive.
Food Collecting Ability of Four Species of Bean Eaters
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51
50
46
46
42
41
38
35
25
25
2
TRIA 1
TRIAL 2
John
TRIAL 3
Jessica
Michael
Carrie
Collect Today
Page 88 – Evolution Bean Lab Graph
Assigned
Page 86 – Notecard Definitions (Monday)
Evolution Quiz (Monday)
Most Missed Quiz – Genetics (Wednesday)
Late
Family Tree Project– Include Rubric and Punnett
Squares (-50 points)
Page 87 – Natural Selection Video Guide (-30%)
Unit 6 – Evolution
Definitions Due Monday (1/11/16)
All Parts Due Friday (1/15/16)
1. Adaptation
13.Evolution
2. Anatomical Homologies
14.Fitness
3. Ancestry
15.Fossil Record
4. Artificial Selection
16.Founder Effect
5. Biodiversity
17.Gene Flow
6. Biogeography
18.Gene Pool
7. Bottleneck Effect
19.Genetic Drift
8. Charles Darwin
20.Genetic Variation
9. Common Descent
21.Gradualism
10.Developmental Homologies 22.Homologous Structures
11.Disruptive Selection (Graph) 23.Homology
12.Directional Selection (Graph)24.Limiting Factor
PG 86
25.Migration
26.Molecular Homologies
27.Natural Selection
28.Non-Random Mating
29.Overpopulation
30.Recombination
31.Reproductive Success
32.Speciation
33.Stabilizing Selection (Graph)
34.Stasis
35.Theory
36.Vestigial Structure
Essential Question
PG 89
How do adaptations affect
survival?
Standard
B.7C - Analyze and evaluate how natural selection produces change in populations,
not individuals.
B.7E - Analyze and evaluate the relationship of natural selection to adaptation and
to the development of diversity in and among species.
What is
Evolution?
I. Evolution:
change
over time.
A. Scientists involved in the
Evolution theory
1. Hutton and Lyell: helped
scientists realized 2 things
a. Earth is millions of years old
b. the processes that changed
Earth in the past are the same as
the present.
At that time, most scientists
believed that the Earth was only
a few thousand years old.
2. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck: one of the first scientists
to recognize that living things have changed over
time.
a. Lamarck proposed that by selective use or disuse of
organs, organisms acquired or lost certain traits during
their lifetime.
b. These traits could be passed to the offspring.
c. Over time, this process led to a change in a species.
d. Lamarck’s theory
proved incorrect
because he did not
know that an
organism’s behavior
has no effect on its
heritable
characteristics.
3. Malthus: contributed
to Darwin’s theory of
evolution by
establishing the idea
that population size is
limited by
environmental
resources.
4. Charles Darwin: contributed more to our understanding of
evolution than anyone else.
A. Darwin traveled, made observations and collected evidence
that led him to propose his revolutionary process.
B. Darwin’s Finches
b. Darwin
published the
results of his work
in a book called
On the Origin of
Species.
Summary of Darwin’s Theory:
 Individual organisms differ and some of these variations are heritable
(passed on)
 Organisms produce more offspring than can survive and many that do
survive do not reproduce
 Because more organisms are produce than can survive, they must compete
for limited resources (food, shelter, etc)
 Each unique organism has different advantages (good) and disadvantages
(bad)
 Individuals best suited to their environment survive and reproduce
successfully
 These organisms that survive pass their heritable traits to their offspring
Summary of Darwin’s Theory cont’d:
 Other individuals that are not suited for their environment die or
leave few offspring
 This process called natural selection causes species to change over
time
 Species alive today are descended with modification from ancestral
species (their ancestors)
 This process by which diverse species evolved from a common
ancestor unites all organisms on Earth into a single tree of life
One of Darwin’s most
important insights was that
members of each species
vary from one another in
important ways.
Today, we know that
heritable variation in
organisms is caused by
variations in their genes.
II. How
Evolution
Works
A. Artificial
selection:
selection by
humans for
breeding of
useful traits
1. The struggle for existence is
competition among members
of a species for food, living
space, and the other
necessities of life.
2. High birth rates and a
shortage of life’s basic needs
eventually forces organisms
into a competition for
resources.
B. Fitness: the
ability of an
organism to survive
and reproduce
1. Fitness is the
result of
adaptations.
2. Adaptation: any inherited characteristic that
increases an organism’s chance of survival.
a. Successful adaptations:
- enable organisms to become better suited to their
environment
- increase an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce.
Humans have thousands of adaptations: large brain,
opposable thumbs, excellent sensory organs, light, strong
skeleton, etc.
C. Natural selection: the process by which individuals with
characteristics that are not well suited to their environment
either die or leave few offspring.
1. Also referred to as survival of the fittest.
2. It is not seen directly, but only observed as changes in a
population over a long time.
3. Zombieland: The Rules