SB2a How are DNA and RNA different?
DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded.
RNA has Uracil and DNA has thymine.
DNA is only in the nucleus.
SB2a What is a phosphate group, a deoxyribose
sugar, and a nitrogen base called when put together?
NUCLEOTIDE
SB2a How do the bases in DNA pair?
Adenine <> Thymine
Cytosine <> Guanine
SB2a Because of Chargoff’s rule there is equal
numbers of bases for _______ and _______
Cytosine = Guanine
Adenine = Thymine
SB2b Make a complementary RNA strand from the DNA
below.
CGA CGA TTA
GCU GCU AAU
SB2b Label the diagram to show how a protein is made
SB2b Where are proteins made?
Ribosomes
SB2b What is another name for each triplet
code such as ACG?
mRNA codon
SB2b Write the complementary anticodons for the
codons below.
CGC-AUC-GGA
GCG-UAG-CCU
SB2b Where does transcription and translation take place?
Transcription = Nucleus
Translation = Ribosomes
SB2b Name the two forms of RNA used during
the making of proteins?
mRNA and tRNA
(messenger RNA and transfer RNA)
SB2b How many times does DNA replication
occur before cells reproduce?
ONE
SB2b Why does transcription occur?
Transcription takes place to make mRNA
SB2b What is translation?
Putting together amino acids to make proteins by
using the three letter codons
(looking them up on the table of bases [letters])
SB2c Cross a homozygous dominant with a
homozygous recessive genotype.
B
b
b
B
Bb
Bb
Bb
Bb
SB2c Cross a heterozygous genotype with a
homozygous dominant genotype.
B
B
b
B
BB
BB
Bb
Bb
SB2c Give an example of incomplete dominance
Plants that make red (RR), white (WW) and pink
flowers (RW). The pink of a blending of traits.
SB2c Cross a heterozygous genotype with a
homozygous dominant genotype.
B
B
b
B
BB
BB
Bb
Bb
SB2 c What is the type of cell reproduction that
decreases the chromosome number to half
(haploidy)?
Meiosis
SB2c Describe the sex chromosomes
male = XY
female = XX
The male determines the sex of a child because his
sperm may carry an X or a Y chromosome.
SB2c When does segregation of alleles happen?
Meiosis
SB2c If a gene shows up the most and is expressed
with a capital letter it is showing ________.
dominance
SB2c Describe a genotype that is heterozygous
It contains a capital letter for the dominant allele
and a lowercase letter for a recessive allele
Bb
SB2c Given an example of a phenotype
Color, shape, or stature
SB2a What is the monomer of DNA?
Nucleotide
SB2c Cross an individual with AB blood and
another with O blood type
B
A
O
O
AO
BO
AO
BO
SB2c List the genotypes and phenotypes for the
blood types
SB2c How can there be two different alleles in
blood type AB?
Because of codominance
SB2c What can cause genetic variation during
meiosis?
Crossing over to mix up the gene combinations
SB2c Traits do not affect the occurrence of other
different traits. This is the basis for Mendel’s Law of
__________________.
Independent assortment
SB2d When DNA is mutated, what is changed
to alter the production of proteins?
The nitrogen bases (letters ATCG)
SB2d If you change one base in DNA what
type of mutation will it be?
POINT Mutation
SB2d What causes a change in DNA (genetic information)?
Mutations
SB2e What is asexual reproduction?
Type of reproduction involving one parent cell that
results in identical cells so there is no genetic
variation. For example, taking a cutting from a plant
to grow a new plant. These plants are clones and
genetically identical.
SB1a Describe the type and quantity of cells
produced from meiosis.
Type = haploid cells
Quantity = 4 cells
SB1a Compare the number of chromosomes in
gametes (haploid cells) and body (diploid)cells.
In humans for example:
Diploid (body or somatic cells) = 46
Haploid (gametes or sex cells) = 23