Anaphora
THE REPETITION OF BEGINNING
WORDS OR GROUPS OF WORDS.
“But One hundred years later, we must
face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not
free. One hundred years later, the
life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the
manacles of segregation and the chains of
discrimination.
One
hundred
years later, the Negro lives on a lonely
island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean
of material prosperity.
One hundred
years later,
the
Negro
is
still
languishing in the corners of American society
and finds himself an exile in his own land.”
Signal Words
Jordan Vaughan
Signal words are words or phrases that signify what is
going to come in a text.
“1963 is not an end, but a
beginning.”
This signals that change will
take place soon.
Patterns of Development
Definition: An author’s method of organizing his or her ideas.
Martin Luther King uses a five-step sequence throughout his
speech to emphasize his desire for equality:
1: Attention- Calling attention to a problem. “…the
still not free.”
Negro is
2: Need- The difficulty or crisis. “…instead of honoring
this obligation, America has given the Negro people a
bad check…” “We have also come to remind America
of the urgency of now.”
3: Satisfaction- How to satisfy the need. “And as we walk, we
must make the pledge that we shall march
ahead. We cannot turn back.”
4: Visualization- A vision of how life could be if the problem was
solved. “I have a dream that one day every valley
should be exalted, every hill and mountain
be made low..”
5: Specific course of action- “Let
freedom ring!”
Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of
words
"With this faith we will be able to work
together, to pray together, to struggle
together, to go to jail together, to stand up
for freedom together, knowing that we will
be free one day.”
Definition: Repeating a sound, word, phrase, or line. –
Usually for emphasis or unity.
Examples from I Have a Dream
“I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live
out the true meaning of its creed…
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia…
I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi…
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in
a nation where they will not be judged…
I have a dream today.
I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama…
I have a dream today.
I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted…”
Assonance
Assonance is the
repetition of vowel
sounds within
words.
Ex: In a sense we
have come to our
nation’s capital to
cash a check.
Allusion
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•
•
•
Allusion is an indirect reference to a person,
place, event or literature work that the
author believes the reader will be familiar
with.
I have a dream that one day every valley shall
be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be
made
low, the rough places will be made plain,
and the crooked places will be made straight,
and the glory of the lord shall be revealed,
and all flesh shall see it together
This speech is to allusion by it having a
meaning as if martin Luther king Jr is trying
to make everything equal just like he is
saying every hill and mountain shall be made
low that’s saying everything shall be equal in
size and shape and their shouldn’t be no
difference between them.
A descriptive phrase which points out
traits associated with a particular person
or thing
By: Angelina
M. Bischof
EX: And this will be the day, this will be the day when all of God's
children will be able to sing with new meaning, " My country 'tis
of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my
fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride, from every
mountainside, let freedom ring !” And if America is to be a great
nation, this must become true.
Parallelism
I have a dream that one day
every valley shall be exalted,
every hill and mountain shall
be made low, the rough places
will be made plain, and the
crooked places will be made
straight, and the glory of the
Lord shall be revealed, and all
flesh shall see it together.
Parallelism is when the
writer repeats a word or
group of words so that the
reader knows that they are
both equal in importance.
Figurative Language
Definition:
A way of
communicating
ideas without
using the literal
meaning of the
words.
Example:
The life of the
Negro is still
sadly crippled by
the manacles of
segregation and
the chains of
discrimination.