November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Introduction to IEEE Std. 802.22-2011 and its Amendment PAR for P802.22b: Broadband Extension and Monitoring
Authors:
Name Company Address Phone email
Apurva N. Mody
Zander
(Zhongding) Lei
BAE Systems
Institute for Infocomm
Research (I2R)
130 D. W. HWY
Merrimack, NH
1 Fusionopolis Way
#21-01 Connexis,
Singapore 138632
404-819-
0314
65-6408-
2436
Apurva.mody@ieee.org
leizd@i2r.a-star.edu.sg
Gwangzeen Ko
Chang Woo Pyo
ETRI
NICT
Korea
3-4 Hikarion-Oka,
Yokosuka, Japan
3-4 Hikarion-Oka,
Yokosuka, Japan
+82-42-860-
4862
+81-46-847-
5120 gogogo@etri.re.kr cwpyo@ieee.org
M. Azizur
Rahman
NICT aziz.jp@ieee.org
Abstract
This tutorial is to be presented during the IEEE 802 Plenary session in November 2011 in Atlanta. The first part of the tutorial provides an overview of the recently completed standard IEEE std. 802.22-2011. The second part of the tutorial is to educate the IEEE 802 community as to why a new P802.22b amendment to the IEEE std. 802.22-2011 is needed and what it will do.
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.22. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.11.
Patent Policy and Procedures: The contributor is familiar with the IEEE 802 Patent Policy and Procedures < http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sb-bylaws.pdf
>, including the statement "IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents essential for compliance with both mandatory and optional portions of the standard." Early disclosure to the Working Group of patent information that might be relevant to the standard is essential to reduce the possibility for delays in the development process and increase the likelihood that the draft publication will be approved for publication. Please notify the Chair Apurva N. Mody <apurva.mody@ieee.org> as early as possible, in written or electronic form, if patented technology (or technology under patent application) might be incorporated into a draft standard being developed within the IEEE 802.11 Working Group. If you have questions, contact the IEEE Patent Committee Administrator at < patcom@ieee.org
>.
Submission Slide 1

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Outline
• Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution
•
Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope
•
Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard
•
PHY Characteristics
•
MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics
•
Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases
•
P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring
Submission Slide 2

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
According to the recent TIME Magazine article (October 31 st issue), 73% of the world population (5.1 Billion people) does not have access to internet
•
49.5% of the people (3.465 Billion) in the world live in rural areas.
•
It is expensive to lay fiber / cable in rural and remote areas with low population density. Wireless is the only solution.
•
Backhaul / backbone internet access for rural areas is very expensive (50% of the cost)
•
Traditional wireless carriers have focused on urban areas with high populations density (faster Return on Investment) using licensed spectrum
•
Example - America: About 28 percent of rural America, lack access to Internet with speeds of three megabits per second or faster, compared with only 3 percent, in non-rural areas, according to an FCC report titled "Bringing Broadband to Rural
America”
•
Example - India: In India, a country with more than 1.2 Billion people, more than
500 Million people have cell phones but less than 0.75% of the population has access to high speed internet access
•
This has created a DIGITAL DIVIDE
Submission Slide 3

November 2011 and Regional Area Broadband Service
ADSL
Mobile broadband
Optical fiber
Cable modem
2.4 M
Satellite
2.0 M
1.6 M
1.2 M
Fixed broadband at lower frequency
0.8 M
0.4 M
0 0 0.0 M
Satellite
Submission
Population density
4 W Base Station
(per km )
WRAN
100 W Base Station
4 W User terminal
FCC Definition of ‘Rural’
ADSL, Cable, ISM and UNII Wireless and Optical Fiber
Courtesy: Gerald Chouinard: gerald.chouinard@crc.ca
Slide 4

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Choice of Spectrum: Optimum frequency range for large area Non-Line-of-sight Broadband Access
100
90
80
Antenna aperture
Ground wave reach
50
40
30
70
60
Ionospheric reflection
% bandwidth
Industrial noise
20
10
Outdoor/indoor attenuation
0
.03
0.1
Courtesy: Gerald Chouinard: gerald.chouinard@crc.ca
Submission
0.3
Frequency (GHz)
Slide 5
Foliage absorption
Filter selectivity
1
Cosmic noise
Rain fade
Noise
Figure
3
Doppler
Phase spread noise
5

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Choice of Spectrum: Optimum frequency range for large area Non-Line-of-sight Broadband Access
100
90
80
70
Optimum frequency range for large area Non Line of
Sight (NLoS) operation falls within the TV Band spectrum
60
50
40
30
20
10
TV
Ch. 7-13
TV
Ch. 14-36
TV
Ch. 38-69
0
.03
0.1
0.15
Courtesy: Gerald Chouinard: gerald.chouinard@crc.ca
Submission
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7 0.8 0.9
0.3
Frequency (GHz)
1
Slide 6
2 3 5
License-exempt bands

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
Range : VHF/ UHF Bands and
Television Whitespaces with appropriate transmit / receive power allowance are ideally suited to deploy large Regional
Area Networks (RANs) due to favorable propagation characteristics.
•
Deployment of Wireless Regional
Area Networks with greater range allows more users per Base
Station, resulting in a viable business model
4 Watts
Omni
5.8 GHz
2.4 GHz
900 MHz
VHF / UHF and TV
Whitespaces
Submission Slide 7

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Outline
• Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution
•
Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope
•
Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard
•
PHY Characteristics
•
MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics
•
Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases
•
P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring
Submission Slide 8

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Source: Gerald Chouinard, CRC and Industry Canada
Southern Ontario Canada
Sparse Spectrum
Usage
Urban Areas
Legend
Available TV channels
5
6
3
4
7
None
1
2
8
9
10 and +
TV Channel Availability for Broadband
•
TV Channels in VHF / UHF bands have highly favorable propagation characteristics
•
Analog TV will be transitioned to Digital TV world-wide. One analog TV channel allows up to 5 standard definition DTV signals to be transmitted.
•
Excess spectrum is called the digital dividend and it can be used to provide broadband access while ensuring that no interference is caused to primary users.
•
In some administrations like the United States, opportunistic license-exempt usage of the spectrum used by the incumbents is allowed on a non-interfering basis using cognitive radio techniques.
Submission Slide 9

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Wireless Regional Area Networks such as IEEE 802.22 systems using TV
Whitespaces can connect rural areas in emerging markets.
•
Television Whitespaces (TVWS) will allow broadband wireless access to regional, rural and remote areas under Line of Sight (LoS) and Non Line of
Sight (NLoS) conditions.
•
Other Applications:
•
Smart grid
•
Cheap backhaul using multi-profile RAN stations
•
Triple play for broadcasters (e. g. video, voice and data),
•
Off-loading cellular telephony traffic to un-licensed spectrum,
•
Distance learning, civic communications, regional area public safety and homeland security, emergency broadband services,
•
Monitoring rain forests, monitoring livestock, border protection,
•
Broadband service to multiple dwelling unit (MDU), multi tenant unit
(MTU), small office home office (SoHo), campuses, etc.
Submission Slide 10

November 2011
Submission doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Plenty of TV channels are available in rural areas for broadband deployment
Kinsley, Kansas,
USA
TV Channel
Availability
Rural Town,
Moderate
Density
Courtesy: Spectrum
Bridge: http://spectrumbridge.co
m/whitespaces.aspx
Slide 11

November 2011
Submission doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Moderate Number of TV channels are available in small cities and towns Ithaca, New
York, TV
Channel
Availability
Urban
University
Town, Moderate
Density
Courtesy: Spectrum
Bridge: http://spectrumbridge.co
m/whitespaces.aspx
Slide 12

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Large cities such as Manhattan are not the potential target markets for IEEE 802.22 technology. Hardly any TV channels available in these markets and there are plenty of other options for broadband such as cable and fiber.
Manhattan, New
York TV
Channel
Availability
Urban City with very high population density
Courtesy: Spectrum
Bridge: http://spectrumbridge.co
m/whitespaces.aspx
Submission Slide 13

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Outline
• Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution
•
Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope
•
Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard
•
PHY Characteristics
•
MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics
•
Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases
•
P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring
Submission Slide 14

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Courtesy, Paul Nikolich,
Chair, IEEE 802
Submission
802.11
WLAN
802.15
WPAN
Slide 15
802.22
WRAN

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
IEEE 802.22 WG is recipient of the 2011
IEEE SA Emerging
Technology of the
Year Award
IEEE 802.22 Standard –
Wireless Regional Area
Networks: Cognitive Radio based Access in TVWS:
Published in July 2011
802.22.1 – Std for Enhanced
Interference
Protection in
TVWS:
Published in
Nov. 2010
802.22.2 – Std for
Recommended
Practice for
Deployment of
802.22 Systems:
Expected completion - Dec
2012
802.22a –
Enhanced
Management
Information Base and Management
Plane Procedures:
Expected
Completion - Dec.
2013 www.ieee802.org/22
Slide 16
802.22
RASGCIM –
Regional Area
Smart Grid and
Critical
Infrastructure
Monitoring Study
Group
Submission

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01




Submission Slide 17

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Outline
• Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution
•
Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope
•
Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard
•
PHY Characteristics
•
MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics
•
Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases
•
P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring
Submission Slide 18

November 2011
TV Channel Characteristics
IEEE 802.22 PHY Features
Conclusions doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Contributor
Name
Zander (Zhongding) Lei
Company
Institute for
Infocomm
Research (I
2
R)
Address
1 Fusionopolis Way
#21-01 Connexis,
Singapore 138632
Phone
65-6408-2436
Email leizd@i2r.a-star.edu.sg
Submission November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Multipath Channel Characteristics
Frequency selective with large excessive delay
Excessive delay (measurements in US, Germany, France*)
Longest delay: >60 μsec
85% test location with delay spread ~35 μsec
Low frequency (54~862 MHz)
Long range (up to 100 km)
Slow fading
Small Doppler spread
(up to a few Hz)
0
-5
Profile C
-10
-15
Submission
-20
* WRAN Channel
Modeling, IEEE802.22-
05/0055r7, Aug 05
-25
-30
-10 -5 0
Slide 20
5 10 15 20 25 30
Excess delay (usec)
35 40 45 50 55 60
November 2011

November 2011
doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
Worldwide Operation (6, 7, and 8 MHz Bandwidths supported)
•
Simple and Light Specs
•
Robust OFDMA and High throughput
•
Adaptive Modulation and Coding
•
Preamble, Pilot Pattern and Channelization
Submission Slide 21 November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Support worldwide TV channels (6, 7, or 8 MHz) in the
VHF/UHF broadcast bands from 54 MHz to 862 MHz
Same frame/symbol structure, preamble/pilot pattern,
FFT size, number of data/pilot subcarriers, modulation and coding, interleaving etc.
Sampling frequency, carrier spacing, symbol duration, signal bandwidth, and data rates are scaled by channel bandwidth
TDD
Submission Slide 22 November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Single PHY mode: OFDMA
Single FFT mode: 2048
Single antenna spec
Heavy multiple antennas specs (MIMO or beamforming) are not supported due to physical sizes of antenna structures at lower frequencies
Linear burst allocation
DS: little time diversity gain could be achieved across symbols due to channel changes slowly
US: allocated across symbols to minimize the number of subchannels used by a CPE, hence reducing (EIRP) to mitigate potential interference to incumbent systems
Submission Slide 23 November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Robust OFDMA Design
Longer symbol time
1/Δf ~ 300 μsec*; CP max ~ 75 μsec
WiMAX: CP ~ 11.2 μsec
Slow fading
Δf ~3.3 kHz ( Robustness to ICI better than WiMax in 3.5 GHz)
WiMAX: Δf ~11 kHz (Overkill in VHF/UHF band)
High throughput
Peak data rate per channel: 22.69 Mb/s (rate 5/6, 64-QAM)
WiMAX: 15.84 Mb/s (rate 5/6, 64-QAM)
* US 6 MHz TV channel
Submission Slide 24 November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
4 CP factors: 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, and 1/32
3 modulations (QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM) with 4 coding rates (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6)
Mandatory CC + optional turbo (CTC or SBTC) and
LDPC codes
Turbo-block bit interleaver and subcarrier interleaver
Maximize the distance between adjacent samples to achieve better frequency diversity
Submission Slide 25 November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
3 types preambles
Superframe
Frame
CBP
Tile pilot pattern
For each symbol, every 7 useful subcarriers has a pilot
For each subcarrier, every 7 symbols has a pilot
Robust channel estimation combining
7 OFDMA symbols.
Submission Slide 26 November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
IEEE 802.22 standard is optimized for VHF/UHF TV channels to provide broadband services with up to
100km coverage
Simple and light specs
Robust to large delay spread
Robust to Doppler spread
Submission Slide 27 November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Outline
• Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution
•
Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope
•
Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard
•
PHY Characteristics
•
MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics
•
Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases
•
P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring
Submission Slide 28

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
This contribution summarizes the MAC and Cognitive
Capability (CC) features in the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard.
Contributors
Name
Gwang-Zeen Ko
Byung Jang Jeong
Sung-Hyun Hwang
Jung-Sun Um
Antony Franklin
Company Address
ETRI Korea
ETRI
ETRI
ETRI
ETRI
Korea
Korea
Korea
Korea
Phone
+82-42-860-4862 email gogogo@etri.re.kr
+82-42-860-6765
+82-42-860-1133
+82-42-860-4844
+82-42-860-0752 bjjeong@etri.re.kr
shwang@etri.re.kr
korses@etri.re.kr
antony@etri.re.kr
Submission Slide 29 Nov. 2011

November 2011
802.22 MAC Features
Introduction
Super-frame/Frame Structure
CBP summary and Coexistence schemes
Dynamic QP Scheduling
Self-Coexistence Schemes
Cognitive Capabilities in 802.22
Spectrum Manager
Channel Classification
Spectrum Sensing
Geo-location
DB Access doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Submission Slide 30 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
• Some aspects of IEEE 802.22-2011 MAC have been inspired from the IEEE 802.16 MAC standard
• Combination of polling, contention and unsolicited bandwidth grants mechanisms
• Support of Unicast/Multicast/Broadcast for both management and data
• Connection-oriented MAC
–
Connection identifier (CID) is a key component
• IEEE 802.22-2011 CID can be constructed from Station ID (SID) and Flow
Identifier (FID) [1]. This new CID definition can reduce overhead and storage requirements [2].
–
Defines a mapping between peer processes
–
Defines a service flow (QoS provisioning)
Submission Slide 31 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
However, major enhancements have been made
– Support of Cognitive functionality
•
Dynamic and adaptive scheduling of quiet periods
•
Various incumbent user detection and notification methods
– Coexistence with both incumbents and other 802.22 systems (selfcoexistence)
•
Measurements (incumbents and 802.22 operation)
•
Spectrum management (time, frequency and power)
•
The Coexistence Beacon Protocol (CBP)
•
The Incumbent Detection Recovery Protocol (IDRP)
•
Wireless microphone beacon mechanism (IEEE 802.22.1)
– Self-coexistence mechanisms
•
Spectrum Etiquette
•
On-demand Frame Contention
Submission Slide 32 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
(Logical View)
...
Superframe n-1
160 ms
Superframe n Superframe n+1 ...
Time
Super frame Structure
...
...
frame 0 frame 15
WRAN 0
Superframe
Preamble frame
Preamble
SCH frame
Preamble
...
10 ms frame 1 ...
WRAN 1
Superframe
Preamble frame
Preamble
SCH
...
Time
Frame Structure
...
frame n-1 frame n frame n+1
DS subframe
Frame
Preamble FCH DS burst 1 DS burst 2
...
DS burst x TTG
Ranging slots
BW request slots
UCS
Notification
Slots
US subframe
US Burst
(CPE m)
...
US PHY PDU
(CPE p)
Self Coexistence
Window
RTG
DS-MAP US-MAP UDC DCD
Optional
Broadcast
MAC PDU
MAC PDU 1
...
MAC PDU y Pad MAC PDU 1
...
MAC PDU k Pad
MAC
Header
MAC Payload CRC
MAC
Header
MAC Payload CRC
Submission Slide 33 Nov. 2011

...
November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
(Physical View)
...
Time frame n-1 frame n frame n+1
10 ms
26 to 42 symbols corresponding to bandwidths from 6 MHz to 8 MHz and cyclic prefixes from 1/4 to 1/32
Ranging/BW request/UCS notification
Burst 1
Burst 2
Burst 3 more than 7 OFDMA symbols
Bursts
Submission
DS sub-frame
Burst
Burst
Burst
Burst n
Burst
US sub-frame
(smallest US burst portion on a given subchannel= 7 symbols)
Slide 34 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
The allocation of burst could be based on distanc e of CPE from BS in order to compensate the delay of arrival
BS
Long distance From BS
CPE
Dow n Str eam
Burs ts
Up S tream
Burs ts
SCW
CPE
Short distance From BS
Home Cell Coverage
Neighbor Cell Coverage
T=0
Fram e N
Neighbor
Cell CPE
T=10ms
Contention for all CBP transmitters
Neighbor BS
Submission Slide 35 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
• The Super-frame Control Header (SCH)
–
Provides the control information for a WRAN cell
–
Support the intra-frame and inter-frame quiet periods management mechanisms for sensing
–
Support coexistence with incumbents and other WRAN cells (self coexistence)
•
An SCH can include various CBP (Coexistence Beacon Protocol) IEs
–
Backup channel information IE
–
Frame Contention information IE
–
Terrestrial Geo-location information IE
–
Signature IE, Certificate IEs (CBP frame security)
• Using SCH, WRAN BS can intelligently manage the operation of its associated CPEs
•
Also, using CBP (Extended version of SCH), WRAN BS can intelligently manage the operation of neighboring WRAN cell under co-existence situation
Submission Slide 36 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
• CBP is used to communicate the operating parameters from one
WRAN cell to another WRAN cell
• CBP packet is transmitted using SCW which contains the SCH of its own WRAN cell
• CBP is fully controllable by the BS that decides who sends/listens and when to send/listen for CBP packets (Refer [3])
–
The source of a CBP packet can be either a BS or a CPE
• CBP packets carry only control information (no data)
Submission
Structure of a CBP packet
Slide 37 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
SCH
...
frame 0
10 ms
Superframe n-1
160 ms
Superframe n frame 1 Quiet Period
10 ms frame 2
10 ms
Superframe n+1
...
...
Time
...
FCH frame 15 Quiet Period
10 ms
Intra-Frame QP scheduling
(Some part of super-frame)
QP < 1Frame
...
Superframe n-1
160 ms
Superframe n Superframe n+1 ...
Time
SCH frame 0
10 ms
Quiet Period
10 ms frame 2
10 ms
...
...
Quiet Period
10 ms
Intra-Frame QP scheduling
(Some part of super-frames)
QP = 1 Frame
...
Superframe n-1
S
C
H
160 ms
Superframe n Superframe n+1 ...
Time
Inter-Frame QP scheduling
(whole super-frame except SCH)
SCH
10 ms 10 ms
Quiet Period
10 ms
...
10 ms
Submission Slide 38 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
Self-Coexistence: Co-existence among WRAN Systems [4]
MAC self-coexistence schemes PHY coexistence mechanisms
Orthogonal channel selection for operating channel and first backup channel
Enough channels available
Frame-based On-demand
Frame contention
Spectrum contention
Frame allocation signalled by the super-frame control header (SCH)
Two or more cells need to coexist on the same channel
Submission
Coexistence beacon protocol
(Exchange of information between BSs through CPEs using the self-coexistence window)
Slide 39 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
Spectrum Etiquette [4]
• Orthogonal channel assignment scheme between adjacent cells
– different operating channel for overlapping or adjacent cells
– different first backup channel
Incumbents are arrived at CH # 1 and 2
Requires that information on operating, backup and candidate channels of each cell is shared amongst WRAN cells: exchanged by CBP packets [5]
6, 4, 2, 5, 7
8, 5, 2, 4, 7
Submission
3, 7, 2, 5, 8 1, 2, 7
3, 4, 2, 6, 7
4, 8, 2, 6, 7 5, 6, 2, 7, 8
(a)
Candidate Channel number
Candidate Channel number
Backup Channel Number
Operating Channel Number
Slide 40
3, 2, 5, 8
6, 4, 2, 5
8, 5, 2, 4
1
7, 5
2
3, 4, 6
4, 8, 2, 6 5, 6, 2, 8
(b)
New Backup Channel Number
New Operating Channel Number
Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
On-demand Frame Contention
• Two or more cells need to co-exist on the same channel
...
Superframe n-1
160 ms
Superframe n Superframe n+1
SCW
...
Time
...
WRAN Cell 1 SCH frame 0
10 ms
WRAN Cell 2 No Tx
No Tx
10 ms
SCH frame 0
No Tx
10 ms
No Tx
WRAN Cell 3 No Tx No Tx SCH frame 0 frame 1
10 ms
No Tx
No Tx frame 2
10 ms
No Tx
No Tx
No Tx
10 ms
No Tx
...
frame 1 ...
FCH
...
...
frame N
10 ms
No Tx
...
No Tx
Using SCW, BS exchange CBPs and decides next frame owner using contention
SCW does not have to be allocated at each frame
TV Channel
X
Super-frame N+1 (16 Frames) Super-frame N (16 Frames)
Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3
…
Cell 3 Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 1 Cell 1
…
Cell 2 Cell 3
… time
Nov. 2011 Submission Slide 41

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
From Database
•
Collection of Spectrum Information
–
Geo-location information (A)
–
TVWS Database (B)
–
CPE Spectrum Sensor (C)
–
BS Spectrum Sensor (D)
Higher layer
SAP
MAC
SAP
Station Management entity
(SME)
SAP
MLME
SAP
•
Cognitive Engine (Decision Maker)
– Spectrum Manager (BS)
–
Spectrum Automation (CPE) From CPEs
PHY
Data/Control Plane
PLME
Management Plane
•
Configurable Communication System
–
802.22 PHY
–
802.22 MAC
Submission
B
D
SAP
Spectrum
Sensing
Function
(SSF)
A
SAP
Geolocation
MAC : Medium Access Control
PHY: PHYsical Layer
MLME: MAC Layer Management Entity
PLME: PHY Layer Management Entity
SAP: Service Access Point
Slide 42
Cognitive Plane
From Sensing
Antenna
Location Information from Satellites
Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Channel Set Management
Subscriber Station
Registration and Tracking
Policies
Spectrum Manager
Geo-location Self Co-existence
Super-frame N (16 Frames)
TV Channel
X
Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3
…
Super-frame N+1 (16 Frames)
Cell 3 Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 1 Cell 1
…
Cell 2 Cell 3
… time
Coexistence Beacon Windows Data Frames
Incumbent Database
Service
Incumbent
Database
Submission Slide 43
Spectrum Sensing
RF sensing performance
100.0%
10.0%
1.0%
Energy - 1dB Pfa=10% 5 ms
Energy - 0.5dB Pfa=10% 5 ms
Energy - 0dB Pfa=10% 5ms
Thomson-Segment Pfa=10% 4 ms
I2R Pfa=0.1% 4ms
I2R Pfa= 1% 4ms
I2R Pfa=10% 4 ms
Qualcomm Field Pfa=10% 24 ms
Qualcom Field Pfa=1% 24 ms
Thomson Field Pfa=10% 24 ms
Thomson Field Pfa=1% 24ms
0.1%
-26 -24 -22 -20 -18 -16 -14
SNR (dB)
-12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2
Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Channel
Classification
Start
Incumbent
DB exist?
No
Yes
Yes
Incumbent Data Base
Incumbent Protection
Requirements
(i.e., FCC Rules in US)
Channel
Availability?
Available
Channels
Is the channel
Sensed?
S
M
Yes
Decision Considerations
- Empty or not
- Own WRAN cell used
- WMP used
- TV used
- Other WRAN cells used
- Cumulated Empty time
- History
- local regulatory
- etc.
No
No
Unavailable
Channels
Disallowed Operating Backup Candidate Protected Unclassified
Two step channel decision
External to IEEE 802.22 System
Internal to IEEE 802.22 System end
Submission Slide 44 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
IEEE 802.22 supports spectrum sensing capability by using SSA and SSF
•
Spectrum Sensing Automation (SSA, sensing manager)
–
All the IEEE 802.22 devices (BS and CPEs) shall also have an entity called the
Spectrum Sensing Automaton (SSA). The SSA interfaces to the Spectrum
Sensing Function (SSF) and executes the commands from the SM to enable spectrum sensing
•
Spectrum Sensing Function (SSF, sensor)
–
Spectrum sensing is the process of observing the RF spectrum of a television channel to determine its occupancy (by either incumbents or other WRANs).
–
The base station and all CPEs shall implement the Spectrum Sensing Function
(SSF)
–
The SSF shall be driven by the SSA. The SSF shall observe the RF spectrum of a television channel and shall report the results of that observation to the SM
(at the BS) via its associated SSA
Submission Slide 45 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Spectrum Sensing Automation state machine Input/Output of the Spectrum Sensing Function
Submission Slide 46 Nov. 2011

November 2011
doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
Satellite based geo-location [7]
–
Requires GPS antenna at each device
–
NMEA 0183 data string used to represent geo-location
–
Poor accuracy in Northern hemispheres
•
Terrestrial based geo-location [4]
–
Besides satellite-based geo-location, the 802.22 standard includes terrestrial geo-location using inherent capabilities of the OFDM based modulation and the coexistence beacon protocol bursts transmitted and received among CPEs
–
Propagation time measured between BS and its CPEs and among CPEs of the same cell using Fine Time Difference of Arrival: TDOA
Submission
BS
Upstream
Vernier-2
Vernier-1
Vernier-1
Downstream
CPE
2
CBP burst
CPE
1
Vernier-3
Slide 47 Nov. 2011

November 2011
•
WRAN DB access [6]
–
802.22 WG defined DB access structure
–
Interfaces are defined between DB and BS
•
Defined number of primitives for DB access
–
M-DB-AVAILABLE-REQUEST
–
M-DEVICE-ENLISTMENT-REQUEST
–
M-DB-AVAILABLE-CHANNEL-REQUEST
–
M-DB-AVAILABLE-CHANNEL-
INDICATION
–
M-DB-DELIST-REQUEST
–
Etc.
doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Structure of the IEEE 802.22 WRAN access to the database service
Submission Slide 48 Nov. 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Outline
• Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution
•
Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope
•
Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard
•
PHY Characteristics
•
MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics
•
Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases
•
P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring
Submission Slide 49

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
This document introduces ten (10) usage cases for the
802.22 New SG “regional area smart grid and critical infrastructure monitoring study group”
These usage cases are grouped by three (3) categories
Contributors
Name Company Address
Chang-Woo Pyo
Zhang Xin
Chunyi Song
NICT
NICT
NICT
3-4 Hikarion-Oka,
Yokosuka, Japan
20 Science Park Road, #01-
09A/10 TeleTech Park,
Singapore
3-4 Hikarion-Oka,
Yokosuka, Japan
M. Azizur Rahman
Hiroshi Harada
Apurva N. Mody
Nancy Bravin
NICT
NICT
3-4 Hikarion-Oka,
Yokosuka, Japan
3-4 Hikarion-Oka,
Yokosuka, Japan
BAE Systems 130 Daniel Webster
Highway, Mail Stop 2350
Bravin
Consulting
Merrimack, NH 03054
Bakersfield CA
Submission Slide 50
Phone
+81-46-847-
5120 email cwpyo@ieee.org amy.xinzhang@ieee.o
rg songe@ieee.org aziz.jp@ieee.org harada@ieee.org apurva.mody@baesyst ems.com bravinconsulting@iee e.org
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
802 Standard Activities for Smart Grid and Critical
Infrastructure Monitoring
Submission Slide 51 July, 2011

November 2011
doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Category
A) Smart Grid &
Monitoring
B) Broadband
Service
Extension
Usage Cases
A1) Regional Area Smart Grid/Metering
A2) Agriculture/Farm House Monitoring
A3) Critical Infrastructure/Hazard Monitoring
A4) Environment Monitoring
A5) Homeland Security/Monitoring
A6) Smart Traffic Management and
Communication
B1) Temporary Broadband Infrastructure
(e.g., emergency broadband infrastructure)
B2) Remote Medical Service
B3) Archipelago/Marine Broadband Service
C) Combined
Service
C1) Combined Smart Grid, Monitoring and
Broadband Service
Properties
• Low capacity/complexity CPEs
•
Very large number of monitoring CPEs
•
Fixed and Potable CPEs
•
Real time monitoring
• Low duty cycle
• High reliability and security
•
Large coverage area
•
Infrastructure connection
• Fixed and Portable CPEs
• Higher capacity CPEs than Category A)
•
High QoS, reliability and security
•
Higher data rate than Category A)
•
Easy network setup
• Infrastructure and Ad hoc connection
•
Category A) and B)
Submission Slide 52 July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 53
Usage
Regional Area Smart Grid/Metering by Low Capacity/Complexity CPEs
(LC-CPEs) such as smart meters
Properties
1) Low capability/ complexity CPE
(LC-CPE)
2) Large number of fixed LC-CPEs
3) Low duty cycle, high reliability and security
4) CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC-
CPEs as well as perform monitoring
Topology
Fixed Infrastructure mode
Fixed Point-to-Multipoints
Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
CPE
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 54
Usage
Agriculture/Farm house Monitoring by LC-CPEs, which may be attached in portable objects or fixed stations
Properties
1) Low capability/complexity CPE
(LC-CPE)
2) Large number of fixed /portable
LC-CPEs
3) Real-time monitoring
4) CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC-
CPEs as well as perform monitoring
Topology
Infrastructure mode
Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints
Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 55
Usage
Critical Infrastructure/Hazard
Monitoring by infrastructure monitoring CPEs, which may be attached in the portable stations
Properties
1) Low capability/ complexity CPE
(LC-CPE)
2) Large number of fixed /portable
LC-CPEs
3) Real-time monitoring
4) Low latency communication
5) High reliability and security
6) CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC-
CPEs
Topology
Infrastructure mode
Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints
Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 56
Usage
Environment monitoring by monitoring
CPEs, which will detect the change of temperature, climate, or unintended events in a very wide area
Properties
1) Low capability/ complexity CPE
(LC-CPE)
2) Very large number of fixed/portable LC-CPEs
3) Real-time monitoring
4) Low duty cycle, low latency communication
5) CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC-
CPEs
Topology
Infrastructure mode
Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints
Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 57
Usage
Homeland security or monitoring by security CPEs, which may be attached in the barrier of land, coast or airport to detect illegality or contaminants
Properties
1) Low capability/ complexity CPE
(LC-CPE)
2) Fixed/Portable LC-CPEs
3) Real-time monitoring
4) Very low latency communication
5) High reliability and security
6) CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC-
CPEs
Topology
Infrastructure mode
Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints
Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 58
Usage
Smart Traffic Management and
Communication by traffic CPEs, which may be attached in the traffic sign poles or cars
Properties
1) Low capability/ complexity CPE
(LC-CPE)
2) Fixed/Portable LC-CPEs
3) Real-time monitoring
4) Very low latency communication
5) CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC-
CPEs
Topology
Infrastructure mode
Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints
Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 59
Usage
Temporary Broadband Infrastructure by portable HC-CPEs, which may be attached in the infrastructure vehicles on emergency
Properties
1) Higher capacity CPEs (HC-
CPEs) rather than monitoring
CPEs of A1~A6
2) Large number of portable CPEs
3) Easy network setup
4) High reliability of connections
Topology
Ad hoc connection
Peer to Peer Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 60
Usage
Remote Medical Service by medical service HC-CPEs, which may be applied in home media products
Properties
1) Higher capacity CPEs (HC-
CPEs) rather than monitoring
CPEs of A1~A6
2) Higher QoS and reliability
3) Real-time and low latency communication
4) HC-CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul to other
HC-CPEs or LC-CPEs
Topology
Infrastructure mode
Fixed Point-to-Multipoints
Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
TVDB (TV Database)
Submission Slide 61
Usage
Archipelago/ marine broadband service by broadband HC-CPEs, which may be located in islands or be applied in ships.
Properties
1) Higher capacity CPEs (HC-
CPEs) rather than monitoring
CPEs of A1~A6
2) Fixed/Portable CPEs
3) Higher QoS and reliability of connections
4) HC-CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul to other
HC-CPEs or LC-CPEs
Topology
Infrastructure mode
Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints
Communications
July, 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
C1) Combined Smart Grid, Monitoring and Broadband Services
Submission Slide 62
Usage
Combined Smart Grid, Monitoring and
Broadband Services by different types of CPEs
Properties
1) 802.22 RA smart grid and critical infrastructure monitoring application will be complimentary to other short range applications at the users’ end
2) We may have different types of
CPEs in 802.22 new SG
3) Currently CPEs can not communicate to each other. We need this capability
4) Improved broadband service by using wider bandwidth through channel aggregation
Topology
Infrastructure mode & Ad mode
July, 2011

November 2011
Categories Usage Case
A) Smart Grid
& Monitoring
A1) Regional Area Smart
Grid/Metering
A2) Agriculture/Farm House
Monitoring
A3) Critical
Infrastructure/Hazard
Monitoring
A4) Environment Monitoring
A5) Homeland
Security/Monitoring
A6) Smart Traffic Management and Communication
B1) Emergency Temporary
Broadband
Infrastructure
B) Broadband
Service
Extension
B2) Remote Medical Service
B3) Archipelago/Marine
Broadband Service
C) Combined
Service
C1) Combined Smart Grid,
Monitoring and Broadband
Service doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
End Device
Capability
Num of
Devices
Communication Mobility Topology
Low duty cycle Fixed
Infrastructure
(Fixed point-to-multipoints)
Low
High
High and
Low
Very large
Large
Very
Large
High-reliability,
Real-time,
Low latency
High reliability,
Easy connection
Real-time,
Low latency
High QoS and reliability
Category A) and B)
Fixed/
Portable
Portable
Fixed
Fixed/
Portable
Fixed/
Portable
Infrastructure
(Point-to-fixed/portable multipoints)
Ad hoc
(Portable-to-Portable)
Infrastructure
(Fixed point-to-multipoints)
Infrastructure
(Point-to-fixed/portable multipoints)
Infrastructure and Ad-hoc
Submission Slide 63 July, 2011

November 2011
Outline doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
• Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution
•
Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope
•
Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard
•
PHY Characteristics
•
MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics
•
Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases
•
P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring
Submission Slide 64

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
Study group approved by EC
Prepare PAR
WG Approves PAR
Submit to EC for Nov (30 days ahead)
[10/5]
Submit Intent to NesCom/IEEE SA SB for
Dec 6 meeting [10/17]
PAR and 5C Comment Resolution
PAR approval by EC
Study Group Extension request before EC
(if PAR not Approved by EC or NesCom)
NesCom and IEEE SA SB approval [12/6]
TG starts
Submission
2011/
07 x
2011/
08
2011/
09
2011/
10
2011/
11
2011/
12
2012/
01 x
Slide 65 x x x x x x x x

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
PAR Status: Unapproved PAR, PAR for an amendment to an existing IEEE Standard
Type of Project: Amendment to IEEE Standard 802.22-2011
PAR Request Date: Expected 2-Oct-2011
PAR Approval Date: Expected 06-Dec-2011
PAR Expiration Date: Expected 31-Dec-2015
1.1 Project Number: P802.22b
1.2 Type of Document: Standard
1.3 Life Cycle: Full Use
2.1 Title: Part 22: Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical
Layer (PHY) specifications: Policies and procedures for operation in the TV Bands -
Amendment: Enhanced Broadband and Monitoring
Submission Slide 66

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
3.1 Working Group: Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN) Working Group
(C/LM/WG802.22)
Contact Information for Working Group Chair
Name: Apurva N. Mody
Email Address: apurva.mody@ieee.org
Phone: 404-819-0314
Contact Information for Working Group Vice-Chair
Name: Gerald Chouinard
Email Address: gerald.chouinard@crc.ca
Phone: 613-998-2500
3.2 Sponsoring Society and Committee: IEEE Computer Society/LAN/MAN Standards
Committee (C/LM)
Contact Information for Sponsor Chair
Name: Paul Nikolich
Email Address: p.nikolich@ieee.org
Phone: 857-205-0050
Contact Information for Standards Representative: None
Submission Slide 67

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
4.1 Type of Ballot: Individual
4.2 Expected Date of submission of draft to the IEEE-SA for Initial Sponsor
Ballot: 11/2013
4.3 Projected Completion Date for Submittal to RevCom: 06/2014
5.1 Approximate number of people expected to be actively involved in the development of this project: 40
5.2 Scope:
This standard specifies alternate PHY and necessary MAC amendments to IEEE std. 802.22-2011 for operation in VHF/UHF TV broadcast bands between 54 MHz and 862 MHz to support enhanced broadband services and monitoring applications. The standard supports aggregate data rates greater than the maximum data rate supported by the IEEE std. 802.22-2011. This standard defines new classes of 802.22 devices to address these applications and supports more than 512 devices. This standard also specifies techniques to enhance communications among the devices and makes necessary amendments to the cognitive, security & parameters and connection management clauses.
Submission Slide 68

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
5.3 Is the completion of this standard dependent upon the completion of another standard: No
5.4 Purpose:
This document will not have a purpose clause.
5.5 Need for the Project:
There are various broadband services and monitoring applications in the context of wireless regional area networks where communications can be better served by introducing new classes of 802.22 devices with capabilities appropriate for such applications. In addition, extending regional area broadband services to applications such as real-time and/or near real-time monitoring, emergency broadband services, remote medical services etc, requires higher data rates and greater number of devices. Enhanced technologies become necessary to enable communications among devices to support those applications. None of the features mentioned above can be supported by the IEEE std. 802.22-2011 and hence, a new project is required for amendment.
5.6 Stakeholders for the Standard: The stakeholders include: Manufacturers and users of IEEE Std. 802.22-2011 devices and other operating entities to which the standard may need to interface.
Submission Slide 69

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
6.1.a Is the Sponsor aware of any copyright permissions needed for this project?: No
6.1.b Is the Sponsor aware of possible registration activity related to this project?: No
7.1 Are there other standards or projects with a similar scope?: No.
7.2 Joint Development: No.
8.1 Additional Explanatory Notes: (note for 5.2 Scope)
This amendment supports mechanisms to enable coexistence with other 802 systems in the same band.
Submission Slide 70

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
1. Broad Market Potential a) Broad sets of applicability
The proposed amendment will enable a number of new broadband applications in television white spaces (TVWS) in the context of wireless regional area networks by combining broadband services and monitoring applications.
b) Multiple vendors and numerous users
It is expected that this amendment will be applicable in all markets where the
802.22 technology will be used. The new features of the amendment are expected to bring new equipment vendors.
c) Balanced costs (LAN versus attached stations)
It is expected that the new features of the amendment can be implemented with reasonable cost resulting in overall better value for money.
Submission Slide 71

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
2.
The amendment will be compatible with IEEE 802 family of standards, specifically 802 overview and architecture, 802.1 including 802.1D and 802.1Q.
Submission Slide 72

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
3. Distinct Identity a) Substantially different from other IEEE 802 standards
There is no other IEEE 802 standard or project, for combined broadband services and monitoring applications aimed at wireless regional area networks using television white space bands.
b) One unique solution per problem (not two solutions to a problem)
Combined broadband services and monitoring applications for wireless regional area networks by using television white space bands are not currently considered by any other wireless standard or project. Hence, this is the only solution to this problem.
c) Easy for the document reader to select the relevant specification
Yes, since the proposed standard will produce an amendment to the IEEE std.
802.22-2011.
Submission Slide 73

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
4. Technical Feasibility a) Demonstrated system feasibility
There are a number of examples of successful prototype operation in TVWS by complying with requirements of various regulatory organizations (e.g., Federal
Communications Commission (FCC), USA, Infocomm Development Authority (IDA),
Singapore, etc.).
b) Proven technology, reasonable testing
Experimental licenses have been issued for operation in TVWS in many countries (e.g.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), USA, Infocomm Development Authority
(IDA), Singapore etc). Communications over TVWS are being tested by regulatory organizations in those countries.
c) Confidence in reliability
Results of TVWS test trial campaigns being carried out by various regulatory organizations provide confidence in the reliability of the proposed project.
d) Coexistence of 802 wireless standards specifying devices for unlicensed operation
This amendment supports mechanisms to enable coexistence with other 802 systems in the same band. A coexistence assurance document will be produced by the WG as a part of the WG balloting process.
Submission Slide 74

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
5. Economic Feasibility a) Known cost factors, reliable data
The amendment uses technologies that are well-proven in the market in a cost effective manner.
b) Reasonable cost for performance
The IEEE 802.22 systems are designed for operation in rural areas where the population density is likely to be low. However, an IEEE 802.22 base station
(BS) covers a large area typically with 30 km radius implying a reasonable cost per geographical unit of coverage. The CPEs are expected to be inexpensive and hence cost for overall network performance would be reasonable.
c) Consideration of installation costs
This amendment will be later combined to the base 802.22 standard resulting in an updated version of IEEE std. 802.22-2011. Installation costs will be those of the updated base standard and are expected to be reasonable.
Submission Slide 75

November 2011
doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
IEEE 802.22 standard is optimized for VHF/UHF TV channels to provide broadband services
•
There is no other IEEE 802 standard or project, for combined broadband services and monitoring applications aimed at wireless regional area networks using television white space bands.
•
There is no other IEEE 802 Standard that is specifically designed for rural remote area broadband access.
•
There are various broadband services and monitoring applications in the context of wireless regional area networks where communications can be better served by introducing new classes of 802.22 devices with capabilities appropriate for such applications.
•
In addition, extending regional area broadband services to applications such as realtime and/or near real-time monitoring, emergency broadband services, remote medical services etc, requires higher data rates and greater number of devices.
•
Enhanced technologies become necessary to enable communications among devices to support those applications. None of the features mentioned above can be supported by the IEEE std. 802.22-2011
•
Hence, a new P802.22b Amendment project is required.
Submission Slide 76 November 2011

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
•
IEEE 802.22 Working Group Website – www.ieee802.org/22
•
IEEE 802.22-2011 TM Standard
• Apurva Mody, Gerald Chouinard, “Overview of the IEEE 802.22 Standard on
Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN) and Core Technologies” http://www.ieee802.org/22/Technology/22-10-0073-03-0000-802-22-overviewand-core-technologies.pdf
•
22-10-0054-02-0000_OFDM-based Terrestrial Geolocation.ppt
•
22-10-0055-0000 Multicarrier ranging.ppt
•
22-06-0206-00-0000 Ranging with OFDM Systems.ppt
•
22-11-0022-00-0000 Best Static Tone Locations.ppt
Submission Slide 77 Gerald Chouinard, CRC

November 2011 doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
[1] “Additional text to implement new connection identifier management approach”, 22-
10-0137-02-0000, Aug. 2010.
[2] “New connection identifier approach”, 22-09-0112-05-0000, Jul. 2010.
[3] “Overview of CBP”, 22-07-0136-00-0000, Apr. 2007.
[4] “802.22 Coexistence Aspects ”, 22-10-0121-02-0000, Sep. 2010.
[5] “Channel Management in IEEE 802.22 WRAN Systems”, IEEE Communication
Magazine, vol.48, No.9, Sep. 2010.
[6] “IEEE P802.22-2011: Standard for Wireless Regional Area Networks Part 22:
Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: Policies and procedures for operation in the TV Bands”, Jul. 2011.
[7] “IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Networks”, 22-10-0073-03-0000, Jun. 2010.
Submission Gwangzeen Ko, ETRI Nov. 2011

November 2011
802-22-11-118r1
doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r01
79
Submission