Bell Ringer
• Take out 5 themes of Geography Notes!
• Study them for 4 minutes.
5 Themes of Geography Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
What are the 5 themes?
What are the 2 types of location?
What are the 3 types of regions?
What 2 characteristics make up a
place?
5. What is the new term for
interconnectedness?
6. What is the purpose of movement?
7. Explain HEI.
Ancient Civilizations
Goal: To understand how humans developed from hunter-gathers into
advanced civilizations.
Ancient History
Eight Features of Civilization
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Cities
Social Classes
Complex Religions
Art and Architecture
Organized Central Government
Writing
Public Works
Job Specialization
Early
River Valley
Civilizations
• Began in 4 locations
–M
–I
–C
–E
4 River Valley Civilizations
Indus River Valley
Cities
• As farmers settled in fertile river valleys, they
began to grow surplus or extra food. This
extra food increased the population of the
settlements. In time, the settlements grew
into cities, such as Ur in Sumer or Babylon in
Mesopotamia.
Social Classes
• As jobs became specialized so did the status
and needs of certain individuals. The need for
a knowledgable and educated religious leader
was more respected than an unskilled worker.
Herders were needed and respected for the
food, while masons were needed for building.
The slave was on the lowest rung of the social
ladder warriors and kings were on top.
Complex Religions
• Religious leaders would
conduct elaborate
ceremonies to appease
the gods
(polytheism)and insure
a bountiful harvest.
Floods and droughts
were blamed on the
gods’ anger so rituals
were conducted in the
temples.
Art and Architecture
• This expressed the beliefs and values of
a civilization. Different styles were
developed and copied by societies.
Often the art was used to impress
visitors and people about the beauty
and power of a king or a community.
Organized Central
Government
Writing
• Records were needed to
keep accounts on trade
goods and food storage.
Writing was needed
because the information
became too great. In
addition, one needed to
express more complex
ideas such as "belief" and
"social order" where
pictures and words simply
would not suffice.
Public Works
• The government would order these,
although costly, to aid and benefit the
community. Such things as a wall to
protect from attack or a canal to aid in
irrigation would help insure the survival
of a people.
Job Specialization
• As civilizations became more complex,
artisans and craftsmen were needed to
maintain specific items and tasks.
• Examples: teaching, scribing, stone
working, basket-weaving
• Artisan = skilled worker
Neolithic Revolution
• Before 11,000 BC, all humans were hunter - gatherers
• The development of _____ and _____ changed everything!
Ancient Civilization Vocabulary
Read pages 2-13 – Textbook
Copy and Define all words!
When finished with Vocab – Complete Workbook pgs. 5,7,9
1. Nomads
2. 8 features of civilization
3. Bureaucracy
4. Artisans
5. Pictographs
6. Empire
7. Pharaohs
8. Cultural diffusion
9. City-state
10.Ziggurats
11.Hierarchy
12.Cuneiform
13. Scribes
14. Monotheistic
15. Prophets
16. Ethics
17. Hebrews
18. Diaspora
19. Fertile Crescent
20. Caste
21. Polytheistic
22. Brahman
23. Dynasty
Government
• Decentralized:
vs.
Centralized:
Religion
• Monotheistic:
vs.
Polystheistic:
Economy
Terms to
describe
societies
• Interdependent:
vs.
Self-sufficient:
Ancient Belief • Central and West Africa
Systems
• India:
– 1)
– 2)
• Ancient Palestine/Israel
• China:
– 1)
– 2)
Early Civilizations • Ancient Sumer
and their
– Gov’t:
accomplishments
– Economy:
– Accomplishment:
• Ancient Babylon
– Gov’t:
– Economy:
– Accomplishment:
• Ancient Egypt
– Gov’t:
– Economy:
– Accomplishments:
Ancient Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Egypt, and Arabia
Major Empires
• Ancient Greek City States
• Ancient Persia
• Alexander the Great
Golden Ages
• China - Han/Qin Dynasties
A time when when a
civilization improves
its art, technology,
science, trade, and
architecture
• Ancient Roman Empire
Ancient Roman Empire and Chinese Han Dynasty