JUST DO IT!
 Take out your SOL Wrap Up Packets for me to check!
 Using the packets on your desk and the last page of your
notes packet, complete the chart! You may work
together!
Slavery & Abolition—Women & Reform
Session 5: Expansion & The Age of Jackson
Sections 8.2 & 8.3
Objectives
 Identify key abolitionists
 Compare urban vs. rural slaves
 Explain why women’s opportunities were limited in the mid-1800’s
 Identify the reform movements that women participated in
 Describe the progress of the women’s rights movement
Section 8.2 - Slavery & Abolition
Main Idea
 Slavery became an explosive
issue, as Southerners
increasingly defended it,
while Northerners
increasingly attacked it.
 In addition, the abolition
movement gained
momentum in attempting to
end slavery.
Abolitionists Speak Out
 Abolition
 movement to outlaw
slavery that gained
momentum in the 1830s
William Lloyd Garrison
 Frederick Douglass

 Abolitionist Movement
William Lloyd Garrison
 White abolitionist and
newspaper editor in Boston,
Massachusetts
 In 1831, he began publishing
The Liberator, a newspaper
that called for immediate,
uncompensated,
EMANCIPATION (freeing of
slaves)
 In 1833, he started the
American Anti-Slavery
Society, a group of white and
black members who were
committed to ending slavery
Frederick Douglass
 American abolitionist and
escaped slave from Maryland
who became a public
speaker for the American
Anti-Slavery Society
 Eventually published his own
newspaper, The Northstar
Life Under Slavery
 U.S. had 2 million slaves
by 1830, and by 1860,
the U.S. had 4 million
slaves
 Most slaves had been
born in the U.S., spoke
English, and worked on
plantations
 Marriage allowed but
not legally protected by
law
Plantation Slavery
 Plantation (rural) slavery
 Slaves worked from dawn
until dusk in the fields
 A white
overseer or slave
driver was placed in
charge of work crews to
make sure slaves worked
throughout the day
Urban Slavery
 Some skilled jobs in
cities were opened up
for slaves
» Mill work, shipping,
carpentry,
blacksmithing
» Slave owners hired out
their slaves to factory
owners
Slave Rebellions
 Stono Rebellion
 Gabriel Prosser
 Denmark Vesey
 Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Stono Rebellion
 (1739) – 20 slaves in
South Carolina tried to
escape to Spanish
controlled Florida
 all were captured and
killed, then beheaded
 Sometimes called Cato's
Conspiracy
 Stono Rebellion
Gabriel Prosser
 (1800) – plotted to take
over Richmond, Virginia
 Captured and killed
Denmark Vesey
 (1820) – plotted to take
over Charleston, South
Carolina
 He and his followers
were captured and killed
before they rebelled
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
 (1831) – 80 slaves in
Virginia attacked
several plantations,
killing 60 whites
 State militia
captured Turner and
his followers
 Put on trial,
convicted, and
hanged
Significance of Turner’s Rebellion

White on black violence
erupted (200 blacks
killed)

Southern whites
determined to defend
the institution of slavery
 Slave Codes – state laws
passed to restrict slaves’
activities
Section 8.3 - Women and Reform
Main Idea
 At the same time the
abolitionist and temperance
movements grew, another
reform movement to give
equal rights to women took
root.
 This became known as the
women’s suffrage (right to
vote) movement.
Women’s Roles in the Mid-1800s
 Cult of Domesticity:
dominant idea of the
1800s that married
women were restricted to
housework and child care
 No political rights for
women – no right to
vote
Women’s Roles in the Mid-1800’s
 Women participated in
the:
 Abolition Movement
 Education Movement
 Temperance Movement
Abolition Movement
 Women active in trying to
abolish slavery
 Women spoke out against
slavery, raised money,
distributed literature, and
collected signatures for
petitions to Congress
 The abolitionist cause
became a powerful spur to
other reform causes
Education for Women

Women became active in pushing
for more educational
opportunities for women

Sarah Grimke ran a school for women and
wrote Letters on the Equality of Sexes and
the Condition of Woman (1838)
 She was also an abolitionist!

Emma Willard opened the The Troy Female
Seminary, one of the first academically
rigorous schools for girls

Oberlin College, in Ohio, submits four
women in 1837, becoming the nation’s first
coed college

African American women faced greater
obstacles getting an education
Temperance Movement

Women became active in
Temperance Movement, the
effort to prohibit the drinking
of alcohol

The American Temperance
Society is founded in 1826, and
by 1833 there were ~6,000
local temperance societies
across the U.S.

Held rallies, produced
pamphlets, and brought about
decline in alcohol consumption
Women’s Role in the Mid-1800’s

Significance –
Participation in these
social movements
provided women with
the opportunity to
become active outside
of the home, which
helped lead to the push
for increased rights.
Women’s Rights Movement Emerges
 Elizabeth Cady Stanton
 Seneca Falls Convention
 Susan B. Anthony
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
 Attended an anti-slavery
convention in Great
Britain, the World’s AntiSlavery Convention in
1840, where women were
discriminated against
 Decided to form a
women’s rights
convention and establish
a women’s rights
movement
World Anti-Slavery Convention, 1840
William
Lloyd
Garrison
Seneca Falls Convention
 The Seneca Falls Convention
(1848) was a women’s right
convention held by Elizabeth Cady
Stanton and Lucretia Mott
 Women there drafted the
Declaration of Sentiments to call
for increased women’s rights
including the right to vote
Declaration of
Independence
 Based on the

“We hold these truths to be selfevident: that all men and women
are created equal.”
Susan B. Anthony
 Became a leading
advocate for women’s
suffrage in the mid to
late 1800s
 Along with Elizabeth
Cady Stanton, founded
NAWSA, (National
American Woman
Suffrage Association) in
1890
Homework:

Entire SOL Wrap Up
Packet Due!

Complete Summary and
Questions sections of
notes!