Table of contents
Page 1- Citizenship: 14th amendment and law of soil vs law of blood
Page 2- Law of soil and Law of blood worksheet
Page 3 - Naturalization
Page 4- Who is a citizen practice worksheet
Page 5- Responsibility and obligations of citizenship
Page 6- Responsibly of citizens at the national, state and local level
Page 7-Wanted: Good Citizen
Page 8- Rule of law
Page 9- Types of Government
Page 10- Systems of government
Systems of government
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SYSTEMS of GOVERNMENT
How do government systems
distribute or divide power?
Before we begin let’s understand the following
terms:


Central Authority= central or national government
Regional Authority = any state, county, or city
government
Pg. 11
9/5/14
Systems of government

Central Authority= central or national government

Regional Authority = any state, county, or city government
Distribution of Power
Separation of Power
Distribution v. Separation
What is the difference between distributing power and separating
power?
Distribution of Power
• The distribution of power is
about how the government
divides power between a
central authority and the
people/states/regions;
relationship between
governments
• Example: central
government and state
governments
Separation of Power
• The separation of power is
about how the
government is divided
internally; relationship
within government
• Example: branches of
government – legislative,
executive, judicial
We now know what to look at how
power is distributed between the
three systems of government:
Unitary, federal and confederate
***Now turn your paper over
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Systems of government continued
System
Confederate
Description
Diagram
Confederate System
• Under the Articles of Confederation,
the United States was a
confederate government.
• A confederate government is one
where the state/regional
governments have the main power
with a weak central government.
The central government is run by
the state/regional governments.
• This is what people know as the
Anti-federalist wanted
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Systems of government continued
System
Confederate
Unitary
Description
Diagram
Unitary System
• A Unitary system of government is where the main of power is in the
central government, with regional/state governments having little
power.
• This is what the people known as the Federalist wanted.
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Systems of government continued
System
Confederate
Unitary
Federal
Description
Diagram
So lets review once more what we already know:
Confederate
System
When the
regional/state holds
all the power and
the central
government is weak.
Unitary
System
When the central
government has all
the power and the
regional/state have
little to no power.
Compromising in the Constitution
• During the Philadelphia convention, the Federalists and
Anti-Federalists had to reach a compromise about the
distribution of power between the central government and
the state governments.
What would be the compromise between
these two systems?
Federal System
• In a Federal system, power is shared by the central government and
the state/regional governments.
• Both the central and state governments have their own powers, in
addition to the powers that they share. This system ensures that
neither the central government nor the state governments can
become too powerful.
• This is the system of government the United States currently uses.
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Systems of government continued
System
Confederate
Unitary
Federal
Description
Diagram
On the next two slides there is
another way to think about it.
Feel free to write it down if it
helps.
Most
Centralized
Examples:
• France
• Japan
• Saudi Arabia
Least
Centralized
Examples:
• Australia
• Germany
• United States
Examples:
• US under Articles
of Confederation
• Confederate
States of America
Distribution of Power in Government
Strong central
government
Unitary
Weak central
government
Federal
Think of power distribution on a
continuum from strong central
control to weak central control.
Confederation
Now in your group:
Directions
• Each group will be given 3 sheets of color construction
paper. You will then need to use large or small circles and
arrows either one sided  or double sides <---> to create
visual representation of the 3 systems of government we
have discussed.
• One circle will represent Central (national) Authority and
four of the circles will represent Regional (state)
Authority.
• You and your group will have to decide how the circles
and arrows should be set up in order to represent that
system of government.
• I would draw them on another piece of paper first them
once your group agrees you can draw it on the
construction paper. You will also need to label each of the
circles as either Central or Regional authority.
• Finally, you and your group will need to discuss and
answer the questions I will post on the screen for you
once we get started.
Example: This just an example and isn’t correct at all
Regional
/state
Unitary
Central
government
Questions
• Why do you think each of the diagrams you have set up represents
about the type of systems being asking?
• What arguments did you and your groups have while trying to
construct your diagram?
• Please give two characteristics for each system of government.
Correct diagram answers…
Federal
Regional
Authority
Regional
Authority
Central
Authority
Regional
Authority
Division of powers.
Regional
Authority
Unitary
Regional
Regional
Authority
Authority
Central
Authority
Regional
Authority
Key government powers are
concentrated in the central
authority.
Regional
Authority
Confederal
Regional
Authority
Regional
Authority
Central
Authority
Regional
Authority
The power flows from
each individual authority and the
central authority has little power
on its own.
Regional
Authority
Now let’s Debate!
• Which system of government to you think would work the best?
• Confederal or unitary?
• Why do you think this? Please give specifics
• Why do you think that a federal system was made?
• Talk in your groups, write down your beliefs and we will talk about
them.